scholarly journals Detection of mycotoxins trough different analytical methods

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Mariana Petkova ◽  
Nadezhda Sertova
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi which can affect a variety of feedstuffs. These compounds elicit toxicological effects which represent risk for both humans and animals. Their toxicity occurs at very low concentrations, therefore there is a need for sensitive and reliable methods for their detection. This review aims to evaluate classical and emerging methods for the analysis of mycotoxins concerning their advantages and disadvantages. Currently, several sensitive methods based on chromatographic or immunochemical technique are commercially available. Especially widely are used different chromatographic methods for quantitative determination of mycotoxins, including gas-chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultraviolet, fluorescence or MS detectors. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is used as a promising technique for screening, identification and quantitative determination of a large number of mycotoxins. Immunometric assays, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), are frequently used for screening purposes. On the other hand, a variety of emerging methods have been proposed. They are based on novel technologies, including immunochromatography (i.e. lateral flow devices), fluorescence polarization immunoassays (FPIA), infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and optical biosensors. In addition, during the last years, the highlight was put on nanoscale materials included in biosensors, which are some of the smart devices used for determination of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals Detection methods for mycotoxins in cereal grains and cereal products

2009 ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Pascale
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Analytical Instruments

Analytical methods for mycotoxins in cereals and cereal-based products require three major steps, including extraction, clean-up (to eliminate interferences from the extract and concentrate the analyte), and detection/determination of the toxin (by using suitable analytical instruments/technologies). Clean-up is essential for the analysis of mycotoxins at trace levels, and involves the use of solid phase extraction and multifunctional (e.g. MycoSep?) or immunoaffinity columns. Different chromatographic methods are commonly used for quantitative determination of mycotoxins, including gas-chromatography (GC) coupled with electron capture, flame ionization or mass spectrometry (MS) detectors (mainly for type-A trichothecenes), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultraviolet, diode array, fluorescence or MS detectors. The choice of method depends on the matrix and the mycotoxin to be analyzed. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is spreading rapidly as a promising technique for simultaneous screening, identification and quantitative determination of a large number of mycotoxins. In addition, commercial immunometric assays, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), are frequently used for screening purposes as well. Recently, a variety of emerging methods have been proposed for the analysis of mycotoxins in cereals based on novel technologies, including immunochromatography (i.e. lateral flow devices), fluorescence polarization immunoassays (FPIA), infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and optical biosensors.

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