Hemitragus jemlahicus: Ale, S.B., Sathyakumar, S., Forsyth, D.M., Lingyun, X. & Bhatnagar, Y.V.

In December 2009, 8 female Himalayan tahrs (Hemitragus jemlahicus) were synchronized by inserting CIDR devices for 13 or 15 days. One day before removal of the CIDRs, a combination of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) 400 IU and hCG 200 IU (PG600®, Intervet, Boxmeer, the Netherlands) was intramuscularly injected into each animal and PGF2α was injected at the time of CIDR withdrawal. Semen was collected by electrical stimulation, diluted, cooled to 5°C for 2 h, and maintained in a refrigerator before performing AI twice. Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted by Doppler ultrasonography on March 2, 2010. Four female Himalayan tahrs were impregnated, showing a fetus present in their uteri. In the first experiment in which CIDRs were inserted into the vagina of 4 Himalayan tahrs for 13 days, 3 of the tahrs were transcervically inseminated with fresh semen, whereas 1 was inseminated with frozen–thawed semen 33 h after CIDR removal. As a second insemination experiment, 46 h after CIDR removal, all 4 tahrs were inseminated with diluted (1:3) fresh semen. While the tahr that was later inseminated with frozen–thawed semen did not become pregnant, the other 3 Himalayan tahrs became pregnant. In the second experiment, CIDR devices were inserted into the vaginas of 4 Himalayan tahrs for 15 days. Extended (1:7)-chilled semen was used for transcervical insemination 42 and 49 h after CIDR withdrawal. When performing the second insemination, it was difficult or impossible to penetrate cervical canals. Thus, only 1 tahr became pregnant. These findings show 13 days of CIDR insertion, the dose of PMSG 400 IU and hCG 200 IU, and the use of PGF2α as beneficial for inducing oestrus synchronization, and prove that extended-chilled semen may also be used for artificial breeding of Himalayan tahrs. This is the first report of successful pregnancy induced by artificial insemination of fresh or extended-chilled semen in oestrus-synchronized Himalayan tahrs.

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Recovery of snow leopard Uncia uncia in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park, Nepal

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605307001585 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 89-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Som B. Ale ◽

Pralad Yonzon ◽

Kamal Thapa

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Information Management System ◽

Snow Leopard ◽

Mount Everest ◽

Grazing Land ◽

System A ◽

Open Forest ◽

Hemitragus Jemlahicus ◽

Himalayan Tahr ◽

Snow Leopards

From September to November 2004 we conducted surveys of snow leopard Uncia uncia signs in three major valleys in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park in Nepal using the Snow Leopard Information Management System, a standardized survey technique for snow leopard research. We walked 24 transects covering c. 14 km and located 33 sites with 56 snow leopard signs, and 17 signs incidentally in other areas. Snow leopards appear to have re-inhabited the Park, following their disappearance c. 40 years ago, apparently following the recovery of Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus and musk deer Moschus chrysogaster populations. Taken together the locations of all 73 recent snow leopard signs indicate that the species is using predominantly grazing land and shrubland/open forest at elevations of 3,000–5,000 m, habitat types that are also used by domestic and wild ungulates. Sagarmatha is the homeland of c. 3,500 Buddhist Sherpas with >3,000 livestock. Along with tourism and associated developments in Sagarmatha, traditional land use practices could be used to ensure coexistence of livestock and wildlife, including the recovering snow leopards, and ensure the wellbeing of the Sherpas.

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New Olonbulukia material and its related assemblage reveal an early radiation of stem Caprini along the north of the Tibetan Plateau

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2018.65 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 385-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shi-Qi Wang ◽

Qing Yang ◽

Ya Zhao ◽

Chun-Xiao Li ◽

Qin-Qin Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Qaidam Basin ◽

Northern China ◽

High Mountain ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

The North ◽

Hemitragus Jemlahicus ◽

Himalayan Tahr ◽

Early Radiation ◽

Mixed Pattern

AbstractLiving Caprini are dominant bovids in the pan-Tibetan area that are strongly adapted to dry steppe and high-mountain meadow habitats. Some taxa with Holarctic distributions, e.g., Ovis Linnaeus, 1758, were thought to originate on the Tibetan Plateau and subsequently dispersed elsewhere, which was depicted as an ‘out of Tibet’ story. However, except for some information on a stem caprine assemblage from the Qaidam Basin, the early evolution of Caprini around the Tibetan Plateau is poorly known. Here, we report new material of Olonbulukia tsaidamensis Bohlin, 1937, which was a member of this stem caprine assemblage, from the Wuzhong region, northern China, confirming the similarity of the Wuzhong Fauna and ‘Qaidam Fauna.’ Based on a biometric study of horncores from the ‘Qaidam’ and Wuzhong faunas, we recognize six taxa from this stem caprine assemblage: O. tsaidamensis, O. sp., Qurliqnoria cheni Bohlin, 1937, Tossunnoria pseudibex Bohlin, 1937, ?Protoryx cf. P. enanus Köhler, 1987, and cf. Pachytragus sp. Among these taxa, Q. cheni and T. pseudibex are probably related to some extant Tibetan endemic species, e.g., the Tibetan antelope, Pantholops hodgsonii (Abel, 1826), and the Himalayan tahr, Hemitragus jemlahicus (Smith, 1826). Others might be ancestral to the Turolian caprine assemblages and even possibly gave rise to the extant Caprina. This work reveals an early radiation of stem caprines along the northern side of the rising Tibetan Plateau and indicates a mixed pattern of pan-Tibetan stem caprine evolution prior to their dispersal out of the Tibetan Plateau.

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Status of blue sheep and Himalayan tahr in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal

Banko Janakari ◽

10.3126/banko.v21i1.9060 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JB Karki ◽

BB Thapa

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Sex Ratio ◽

Group Size ◽

Blue Sheep ◽

Average Group ◽

Hemitragus Jemlahicus ◽

The Mean ◽

Pseudois Nayaur ◽

Himalayan Tahr ◽

Average Group Size

A survey of blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) was conducted in six blocks of Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR), Nepal. A total of 852 blue sheep were recorded in 73 different groups. The average group size was found to be 11.7 individuals. The average population density of blue sheep in the reserve was found to be 1.28 animals per km2. There were 263 rams, 307 ewes, 89 yearlings and 39 lambs. Among the rams, 126 were classified as trophy rams, 92 as medium rams and 45 as young rams. The ratio of trophy rams to other rams was found to be higher than those found in the earlier studies. The mean sex ratio was 86 males per 100 females and the yearling to ewes ratio was 29 per 100 ewes. The survey of Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus) in Sundaha block recorded 53 individuals with 30 males, 14 females, eight yearlings, and one lamb. The results indicated that the existing quota of blue sheep hunting can be safely continued. In case of higher demands, two more quotas can be added to Barse, Dogadi and Sundaha blocks for the next five years (2008-2012). Himalayan tahrs can be hunted in all the blocks. Sundaha block can sustain four while the rest of the blocks can sustain two Himalayan tahrs per year. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v21i1.9060 Banko Janakari, Vol. 21, No. 1 2011; 25-30

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Hemitragus jemlahicus: Bhatnagar, Y.V. & Lovari, S.

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ◽

10.2305/iucn.uk.2008.rlts.t9919a13027389.en ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Hemitragus Jemlahicus

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Tahr in a Nepal National Park

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605300024224 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 140-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michael J. B. Green

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

National Park ◽

Human Population ◽

Continuous Distribution ◽

Northern India ◽

Hemitragus Jemlahicus ◽

Himalayan Tahr ◽

The Himalaya ◽

Land Use Practices ◽

Traditional Land Use

The Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus occurs along the southern flanks of the Himalaya, from the Pir Panjal Range in northern India eastwards through Nepal to Sikkim, between 1500m and 5200m. It is also reported as being ‘not uncommon’ at 1500–2100m in southwest Bhutan. It is the only one of the three surviving tahr species that is not endangered. In Nepal its formerly continuous distribution has been disrupted by traditional land-use practices, which are spreading due to the increasing human population, and some hunting. Schaller mapped 14 populations known to occur in Nepal, but many more undoubtedly exist.

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Status, Distribution and Potential Habitat of Himalayan Tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus), and Conflict Areas with Livestock in Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v7i0.568 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bikram Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Land Surface ◽

National Park ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Winter Habitat ◽

Potential Habitat ◽

Total Potential ◽

Sagarmatha National Park ◽

Hemitragus Jemlahicus ◽

Himalayan Tahr ◽

Habitat Variables

Study on status, distribution and potential habitat of Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus), and conflict areas with livestock in Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal was carried out from 21th June to 14th July 2004 in Sagarmatha National Park, which is important for conservation of this animal, pastureland and snow leopard. The numbers of tahr sighted, their age/sex, and distance to escape terrain and habitat variables were collected from five scan points and four transects. Grazing pasturelands were identified by field visits and questionnaire survey. Maps of potential habitat suitability and areas of spatial overlap with livestock were prepared by using geographical information system (GIS). A total population of 205 tahrs within 11 groups was estimated in the park. Tahrs were recorded at various altitudes ranging from 3685 to 4380 m with a mean elevation of 4059.18 m. The male groups were found at higher elevation than female groups, and the latter had larger group sizes. The overall mean group size was 18.7 with 45 being the largest group. Normally more number of tahrs were found on smooth terrain of vegetated surface on southern aspects. All observations ranged from 50 to 200 m distances from a escape terrain. An analysis on potential habitat of the tahr revealed the occurrences of 56442.5 ha of land surface in the protected area of which summer habitat covers 29483.25 ha, winter habitat with 4064.0 ha and overlapping areas of summer and winter accounts amounts to 22895.25 ha. The present analysis showed 17.43% of the total potential areas of the Himalayan tahr is under conflict inside the park. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

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