Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza A Virus in Wild Waterfowl in South Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pfitzer ◽  
D. J. Verwoerd ◽  
G. H. Gerdes ◽  
A. E. Labuschagne ◽  
A. Erasmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus ◽  
Wild Waterfowl

scholarly journals Serosurvey for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza A Virus Antibodies in Great Cormorants from France

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Artois ◽  
Ruth Manvell ◽  
Emmanuelle Fromont ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Schweyer
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus ◽  
Great Cormorants

scholarly journals Detection of Influenza A virus contamination in Newcastle Disease live virus vaccines and their pathological effects on visceral organs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3812-3816
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Live Virus Vaccine ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza Outbreaks

To investigate this perception that the NDV live virus vaccine could be the source of Avian Influenza A virus (H9) contamination. Sixteen samples of ND live virus vaccines were purchased from the local market. Prior to use in birds, the samples were tested for Avian Influenza A virus contamination through RT-PCR and used in live birds for any gross pathology and histopathology changes. All the samples were negative against Avian Influenza A virus. Furthermore, these vaccines were also used in broiler and desi chicks at day 5 and day 21 through eye drop and drinking water route respectively. Then, these birds were slaughtered at day 10, 20, 30 and 40 for any gross pathological and histo-pathological changes against Avian Influenza (H9). There were no macroscopic and microscopic lesions observed in visceral organs like trachea, lungs, liver and spleen for Avian Influenza. The results of the study using RT-PCR indicated that the ND live virus vaccine both (local and imported) was free of Avian Influenza A virus (H9). There was a perception among some technical persons that some Avian Influenza outbreaks in the field might be through the source of Newcastle Disease live virus vaccine. This theory regarding contamination of Avian Influenza A virus in Newcastle Disease live virus vaccines found to be wrong on the basis of this study and these commercial vaccines placed in the market are safe to use against Newcastle Disease and are not source of Avian Influenza outbreaks in the field.

scholarly journals Development of Neuraminidase Subtype-Specific Reference Antisera by Recombinant Protein Expressed in Baculovirus

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Jun Lee ◽  
Jun-Gu Choi ◽  
Hyun-Mi Kang ◽  
Kwang-Il Kim ◽  
Choi-Kyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Recombinant Baculovirus ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus

ABSTRACTOutbreaks of avian influenza A virus infection, particularly the H5N1 strains that have affected birds and some humans for the past 15 years, have highlighted the need for increased surveillance and disease control. Such measures require diagnostic tests to detect and characterize the different subtypes of influenza virus. In the current study, a simple method for producing reference avian influenza virus antisera to be used in diagnostic tests was developed. Antisera of nine avian influenza A virus neuraminidases (NA) used for NA subtyping were produced using a recombinant baculovirus. The recombinant NA (rNA) proteins were expressed in Sf9 insect cells and inoculated intramuscularly into specific-pathogen-free chickens with the ISA70 adjuvant. The NA inhibition antibody titers of the rNA antiserum were in the ranges of 5 to 8 and 6 to 9 log2units after the primary and boost immunizations, respectively. The antisera were subtype specific, showing low cross-reactivity against every other NA subtype using the conventional thiobarbituric acid NA inhibition assay. These results suggest that this simple method for producing reference NA antisera without purification may be useful for the diagnosis and surveillance of influenza virus.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Human H5N1 Influenza A Virus Isolated in 2003

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (15) ◽  
pp. 9926-9932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Shinya ◽  
Masato Hatta ◽  
Shinya Yamada ◽  
Ayato Takada ◽  
Shinji Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus

ABSTRACT In 2003, H5N1 avian influenza virus infections were diagnosed in two Hong Kong residents who had visited the Fujian province in mainland China, affording us the opportunity to characterize one of the viral isolates, A/Hong Kong/213/03 (HK213; H5N1). In contrast to H5N1 viruses isolated from humans during the 1997 outbreak in Hong Kong, HK213 retained several features of aquatic bird viruses, including the lack of a deletion in the neuraminidase stalk and the absence of additional oligosaccharide chains at the globular head of the hemagglutinin molecule. It demonstrated weak pathogenicity in mice and ferrets but caused lethal infection in chickens. The original isolate failed to produce disease in ducks but became more pathogenic after five passages. Taken together, these findings portray the HK213 isolate as an aquatic avian influenza A virus without the molecular changes associated with the replication of H5N1 avian viruses in land-based poultry such as chickens. This case challenges the view that adaptation to land-based poultry is a prerequisite for the replication of aquatic avian influenza A viruses in humans.

scholarly journals Protection and Virus Shedding of Falcons Vaccinated against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus (H5N1)

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1667-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lierz ◽  
Hafez M. Hafez ◽  
Robert Klopfleisch ◽  
Dörte Lüschow ◽  
Christine Prusas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Virus H5n1 ◽  
Avian Influenza A Virus
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