Henry Dietz. Urban Poverty, Political Participation, and the State: Lima, 1970–1990. 
            Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998. Map, tables, bibliography, 396 pp.; hardcover $50, paperback $22.95.

The article focuses on the subaltern system of micro appropriations or Jugaads used by young Kashmiris to survive within precarious situations inflicted due to armed conflict. More particularly, it argues that such Jugaads are invoked by the subaltern consciousness of Tehreeq-e-Azadi, which offers space for not just the negotiation with the state but also the creative improvisation of daily political actions. It is illustrated that young people’s political participation is entangled with the attempts to overcome the uncertainty around their lives, thereby offering them pragmatic solutions in advancing their interests. It is further elaborated that the existing polarization between separatism and mainstream is obscure at the experiential level, living within precarious situations has taught young people to silently craft possibilities of a good life without looking confrontational to either side. The article argues that localized forms of engagement are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of how modern states operate.

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A. Kim Clark and Marc Becker, Highland Indians and the State in Modern Ecuador (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2007), pp. x+348, $39.95, hb.

Journal of Latin American Studies ◽

10.1017/s0022216x09005781 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 404-406

Author(s):

DONNA LEE VAN COTT

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

University Of Pittsburgh

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Examining Chinese Charitable Giving Under State Intervention: A Political Participation Perspective

Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly ◽

10.1177/08997640211057438 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089976402110574

Author(s):

Ming Hu ◽

Dejie Kong

Keyword(s):

Political Participation ◽

Charitable Giving ◽

State Intervention ◽

The State ◽

Future Research ◽

Chinese Government ◽

State Legitimacy ◽

Political Risks ◽

Private Charity ◽

Private Donations

While it is prominent for governments across the globe to promote charitable giving, few governments directly intervene in charitable fundraising due to ethical and political risks. An exception is the Chinese government that has actively sought private donations. Using a national dataset of Chinese giving, this study explores from a general political participation perspective how individuals responded to different levels of state intervention in private charity. It finds that people made (a) voluntary donations (little state intervention) in relation to their social involvement and civic engagement, (b) suggested donations (e.g., the state called for donations) in relation to their civic participation and formal political participation, and (c) coerced donations (e.g., the state demanded donations) in relation to their personal bonds with the state. Thus, while appropriate state intervention seems productive, undue intervention may damage both charity and state legitimacy. Implications and suggestions for future research are included.

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