The Navigation Acts as Applied to European Trade

1904 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Dudley Odell McGovney
Keyword(s):  
European Trade ◽  
Navigation Acts

French Shipping in Northern European Trade, 1660-1789

1954 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Paul Walden Bamford
Keyword(s):  
Northern European ◽  
European Trade

A NOTE ON EUROPEAN TRADE WITH AFRICA

1968 ◽  
Vol 67 (267) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
TOM SOPER
Keyword(s):  
European Trade

scholarly journals Controlling Shipping Along the North European Trade Axis

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-556
Author(s):  
D. J. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Baltic Basin ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
European Trade ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
The Baltic

By the North European Trade Axis is meant the trade route from Ushant and Land's End, up the English Channel, through the Dover Strait fanning out to serve eastern England, the north coast of continental Europe and leading to the Baltic Basin. Recent events in this area have left a feeling that some form of tightening of control is not only desirable, but is rapidly becoming imperative. There is a basic conflict between the two forms of shipping using the area: the local users who use the area more or less constantly, and the long-distance traders, usually much larger, which arrive in the area for a brief stay after a prolonged period at sea, which has usually been in good weather conditions. Frequently these latter ships have a very poor notion of the hornet's nest into which they are steaming when they arrive. The net result is all too often the same: the local users, with familiarity breeding contempt, wander about as they see fit, with scant regard for routing or the regulations; all too often the big ships arrive from sea with navigating staffs who are too confused, sometimes too ignorant—and sometimes too terrified—to do much more than blunder forward in a straight line hoping for the best. Quite obviously this is not a total picture, and there are large numbers of ships which navigate perfectly competently, but the minority of those which do not seem to be rising rapidly, and show every sign of continuing to increase.

Sky Plc v Skykick Uk Ltd (No. 3)

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
pp. 711-729
Keyword(s):  
Computer Software ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Bad Faith ◽  
Telecommunication Services ◽  
Trade Marks ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
European Trade

Abstract H1 Trade Marks—European trade marks—SKY—Validity—Broad specifications of goods and services—Bad faith—Requirement of clarity and precision—Lack of intention to use—Reference to Court of Justice—Application of the judgment of the Court of Justice—“Computer software”—“Telecommunication services”—Limiting the specification of goods—Interpretation of broad terms in specifications—Infringement

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