The Antarctic Settlement of 1959

1960 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Hayton
Keyword(s):  
Daily Basis ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
The South ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
Normal Manner ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
International Geophysical ◽  
South Polar

The Antarctic is no longer the virtual unknown of story and legend. Though it will undoubtedly remain a frontier—as much of Alaska has remained a frontier—one consequence of the International Geophysical Year is that policy and operational affairs of the South Polar Regions have gradually become almost “orthodox,” that is, handled on a daily basis by government officials and institutions in the near-normal manner of dealing with any matter in modern bureaucracy and research.

The Royal Society and the Antarctic

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Fogg
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
The South ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
Geomagnetic Survey ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
International Geophysical ◽  
South Polar

Beginning with its dispatch of Halley on his geomagnetic cruise of 1699 to 1700, the Royal Society has played a sporadic, ad hoc, but nevertheless considerable role in the scientific investigation of the South Polar regions. In three ventures—Ross's geomagnetic survey of 1839 to 1843, the first Scott expedition of 1901 to 1904 and the British contribution to the International Geophysical Year of 1957 to 1958—it made major contributions to the planning and support of Antarctic scientific programmes. Throughout, it has given backing to polar expeditions but has been consistent in putting science before geographical discovery. It has numbered some 20 Antarctic scientists among its Fellows.

The Exploration of the Graham Land Region

Polar Record ◽  
1934 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 130-142
Author(s):  
Hugh Robert Mill
Keyword(s):  
Polar Regions ◽  
British Government ◽  
The South ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
South Polar ◽  
Land Region

The sector of the Antarctic regions between the meridians of 30° and 90° W. is still largely unknown, and offers a particularly attractive field for exploration. It was the scene of the earliest discovery of land south of the Antarctic Circle, of the earliest and also of. the latest economic exploitation of the South Polar regions and it is the only part of the Antarctic where very large areas have been seen from the air but never visited on the surface either by sea or land. It is appropriate that a concise summary of the exploration of this region should be put together, in view of the expedition now being organised by John R. Rymill with the active support of the Royal Geographical Society, the British Government, the Discovery Committee and the Polar Institute.

scholarly journals Exploration of the South Polar Regions

Nature ◽  
1872 ◽  
Vol 7 (165) ◽  
pp. 138-140
Keyword(s):  
Polar Regions ◽  
The South ◽  
South Polar

Address of the President Sir Cyril Hinshelwood, at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1956

1957 ◽  
Vol 146 (923) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
International Geophysical

Another year of intensive preparation reached its climax on 13 November when H. M. the Queen visited the Magga Dan which was to convey the Royal Society expedition to the Antarctic, and when the members of the expedition were presented to her. The ship sailed two days later bearing the good wishes of all, on this combination of physical and scientific adventure which will make an important contribution to the International Geophysical Year. A great debt is owing to all who took part in the arrangements and especially to Sir David Brunt and to Dr Martin who have borne so much of the burden and eat of the day.

scholarly journals Polar tropospheric ozone depletion events observed in the International Geophysical Year of 1958

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303-3314 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Roscoe ◽  
J. Roscoe
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
General Increase ◽  
Ozone Loss ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
Obvious Reason ◽  
Frost Flowers ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
International Geophysical

Abstract. The Royal Society expedition to Antarctica established a base at Halley Bay, in support of the International Geophysical Year of 1957–1958. Surface ozone was measured during 1958 only, using a prototype Brewer-Mast sonde. The envelope of maximum ozone was an annual cycle from 10 ppbv in January to 22 ppbv in August. These values are 35% less at the start of the year and 15% less at the end than modern values from Neumayer, also a coastal site. This may reflect a general increase in surface ozone since 1958 and differences in summer at the less windy site of Halley, or it may reflect ozone loss on the inlet together with long-term conditioning. There were short periods in September when ozone values decreased rapidly to near-zero, and some in August when ozone values were rapidly halved. Such ozone-loss episodes, catalysed by bromine compounds, became well-known in the Artic in the 1980s, and were observed more recently in the Antarctic. In 1958, very small ozone values were recorded for a week in midwinter during clear weather with light winds. The absence of similar midwinter reductions at Neumayer, or at Halley in the few measurements during 1987, means we must remain suspicious of these small values, but we can find no obvious reason to discount them. The dark reaction of ozone and seawater ice observed in the laboratory may be fast enough to explain them if the salinity and surface area of the ice is sufficiently amplified by frost flowers.

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