Nikolai Rubakin’s Library for Revolutionaries

Slavic Review ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-559
Author(s):  
Alfred Erich Senn
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
European Studies ◽  
The West ◽  
East European ◽  
The Soviet Union

For almost forty years the private library of Nikolai Aleksandrovich Rubakin, located first in Baugy-sur-Clarens and subsequently in Lausanne, Switzerland, served as a major fund of Russian books in Western Europe, and it attracted many of the great figures of the Russian Revolution. Rubakin in turn welcomed every new reader; his motto, imprinted on his bookplates, declared: “Long live the book, a powerful weapon in the struggle for truth and justice.” Upon his death in 1946 the Soviet Union inherited the collection, variously estimated at 80,000 to 100,000 volumes, and its departure represented a great blow to East European studies in the West.

United States Policy Towards Eastern Europe: Before and After Helsinki

1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Byrnes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
East European ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

The signing in Helsinki of the agreement on security and cooperation in Europe has led to bitter criticism of President Ford and of the policy under which the United States drifted into recognizing Soviet acquisition of 114,000 square miles of Finnish, Polish, German, Czechoslovak, and Romanian territory, apparently sanctified as well Soviet domination of Eastern Europe, and recognized the “permanent” division of Europe. In return for endorsing these Soviet conquests, the Western states received some vague promises that the Soviet Union and the East European states would take a “positive and humanitarian attitude” towards applications from their citizens to rejoin their families in the West, would “facilitate the improvement of the dissemination” of publications from other countries, would provide three weeks' notice of large military maneuvers within 156 miles of frontiers, and assured that every European state would be free from “external influence.” All these phrases seem small recompense for such great concessions and from two years of negotiation by 492 diplomats, especially when hope in Western Europe in particular had been high for an end to jamming, censorship, and control over travel. Critics noted in particular that the formal summit agreement awarded the Soviet Union prizes it had sought since 1954, while the parallel discussion of reducing military forces in Eastern and Western Europe, in which the Soviet Union and its associates maintain immense superiorities, has long been stalled. Indeed, now that the West no longer has the lever of the Geneva talks, it has little pressure to persuade the Soviet Union to discuss mutual balanced force reductions. Many now fear that the Soviet Union will press instead for a collective security agreement, which would have no meaning, but which would totally demolish NATO, while leaving the Soviets on the commanding military heights in Eastern Europe.

Denuclearization on NATO's Southern Front: Allied Reactions to Soviet Proposals, 1957–1963

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lykourgos Kourkouvelas
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cuban Missile Crisis ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
East European ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Nuclear Missiles

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Soviet Union and its East European allies sought to prevent the installation of U.S. nuclear missiles in Western Europe by embarking on a diplomatic “peace offensive” that included proposals for the creation of denuclearized zones in various geographical areas of Europe. This article considers how the NATO countries responded to these proposals. In the end, the Western allies rejected proposals for the denuclearization of the Balkans and other areas in Europe, but discussions within NATO's councils often proved complicated, especially regarding southern Europe. In the case of the 1957 Stoica proposal for the denuclearization of the Balkans, the leading NATO countries stepped back and let Turkey and Greece reject the proposal, but by 1963, in the aftermath of the Cuban missile crisis, the United States and other key allied countries as well as the NATO bureaucracy assumed a more active role in evaluating and ultimately rejecting the notion of denuclearization in the Mediterranean.

Ukranians in American East European Studies

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Alexander Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Studies ◽  
East European ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Political Studies

Ukranian scholars in the United States pursue a broad range of disciplines, making significant contributions to such fields of inquiry as literature, linguistics, political studies, and economics. This paper will review the contributions to the study of Ukrainian history. It will examine some of the practical problems affecting the development of the Ukrainian historical studies in the United States and then review the work of a few selected scholars, whose research and publications typify the tenor and the direction of the Ukrainian historiography outside the Soviet Union.

Book Reviews: Parliament and Pressure Politics, Peacekeeping in International Politics, Nuclear Deterrence Theory: The Search for Credibility, Nuclear Ambitions: The Spread of Nuclear Weapons 1989–1990, Posterity and Strategic Policy: A Moral Assessment of Nuclear Policy Options, Behavior, Society and Nuclear War. Volume One, Moscow and the Middle East: Soviet Policy since the Invasion of Afghanistan, Soviet Politics in the Middle East: From World War II to Gorbachev, The West and the Soviet Union: Politics and Policy, The Strategic Implications of Change in the Soviet Union, Soviet Policy Perspectives on Western Europe, Soviet Power, West German Resistance, and the Battle of the Euromissiles, Unofficial China: Popular Culture and Thought in the People's Republic, the Diplomacy of Zhou Enlai, China and the Open Door Policy, behind the Tiananmen Massacre: Social, Political and Economic Ferment in China., Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising, Israel, Palestinians and the Intifada: Creating Facts on the West Bank, European Competition Policy, Competition Law in the European Community, Homo Aestheticus: L'invention du goût à l'âge démocratique, Leviathan, Behemoth or the Long Parliament, Marx and the New Individual, Karl Marx and the Philosophy of Praxis, Marx and Ethics, Karl Marx: Socialism as Secular Theology, Capitalist Democracy on Trial: The Transatlantic Debate from Tocqueville to the Present, Alternatives to Capitalism, Capitalism

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-592
Author(s):  
David Nicholson ◽  
Anthony Parsons ◽  
Oliver P. Ramsbotham ◽  
John Barnes ◽  
Michael Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Open Door Policy ◽  
The West ◽  
Soviet Policy ◽  
Secular Theology ◽  
The Soviet Union
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