Zwischen Krise und Krieg: Frankreich in der AuBenwirtschaftspolitik der USA zwischen Weltwirtschaftskrise und Zweitem Weltkrieg und das Problem der Sicherheit vor Deutschland (Between Crisis and War: France and American Foreign Economic Policy between the Great Depression and World War II and the Problem of Security from Germany)

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1582
Author(s):  
Lloyd E. Ambrosius ◽  
Karl J. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
World War ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
The Great Depression

War and the Next Lesson

Money ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kenneth Galbraith ◽  
James K. Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
World War I ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
John Maynard Keynes ◽  
The Great Depression

This chapter examines the lessons of World War II with respect to money and monetary policy. World War I exposed the fragility of the monetary structure that had gold as its foundation, the great boom of the 1920s showed how futile monetary policy was as an instrument of restraint, and the Great Depression highlighted the ineffectuality of monetary policy for rescuing the country from a slump—for breaking out of the underemployment equilibrium once this had been fully and firmly established. On the part of John Maynard Keynes, the lesson was that only fiscal policy ensured not just that money was available to be borrowed but that it would be borrowed and would be spent. The chapter considers the experiences of Britain, Germany, and the United States with a lesson of World War II: that general measures for restraining demand do not prevent inflation in an economy that is operating at or near capacity.

New Deals

2017 ◽  
pp. 62-87
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Severs
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Great Society ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
The New Deal ◽  
The U.S

This chapter demonstrates the deep importance of Wallace’s collegiate study of U.S. economic policy, especially in the Great Depression, to his early short stories. What if, I ask, we locate Wallace’s “origins” not in the post-World War II moment or 1960s ironic postmodernism, but instead in the crash of 1929, a less predictable moment of cultural crisis in which he took a quieter but subsuming interest? Key elements that emerge in this chapter are the U.S. Treasury (surreally portrayed as the issuer of a post-gold-standard currency – and post-metaphysical meaning – in the uncollected gem “Crash of 69”) and, in “Westward,” the governmental remedies of social insurance and economic reconstruction in the New Deal. While attending more briefly to other stories in Girl With Curious Hair, this chapter also provides sustained readings of Dust-Bowl metaphysics in “John Billy” and Johnson’s Great Society in “Lyndon.”

The Great Depression and World War II, 1930–1945

Texas ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 367-395
Author(s):  
Rupert N. Richardson ◽  
Cary D. Wintz ◽  
Angela Boswell ◽  
Adrian Anderson ◽  
Ernest Wallace
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression

Food-Crop Marketing Boards in Tropical Africa

1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O. Jones
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
World War ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Made In

Agricultural marketing boards in tropical Africa are heirlooms of the Great Depression and World War II, when colonial governments found their principal sources of revenue severely reduced and both European and African populations financially distressed. Marketing boards are of British origin, but similar efforts were made in French and Belgian Africa. The rationale for intervention is clouded; some of the principal reasons have faded into the past or were never openly expressed.1

World War II Fiscal Policies and the End of the Great Depression

1994 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 850-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
United States Economy

The United States economy completed its recovery from the Great Depression in 1942, restoring full-employment output in that year after 12 years of below-full-employment performance. Fiscal policies were not the most important factor in the 1933 through 1940 phase of the recovery, but they became the most important factor after 1940, when the recovery was less than half-complete. World War II fiscal policies were, then, instrumental in the overall restoration of full-employment performance.

Sterilization, Parole, and Routinization

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Trent
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Economic Stress ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression

During the years between the Great Depression and end of World War II, intellectual disability, like the rest of the nation, experienced a period of social and economic stress. For two decades the populations of institutions grew dramatically, while during the war years, attendant staff found more lucrative war-related jobs or were drafted. With greater demands for care, yet with fewer resources, the institutions by the late 1940s had become “snake pits.” For these reasons, superintendents during the 1930s and 1940s advocated for what would have been impossible decades earlier. They called for the parole of mentally deficient inmates, especially if those inmates had been sterilized.

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