Oviposition and Larval Performance of European Pine Sawfly in Relation to Irrigation, Simulated Acid Rain and Resin Acid Concentration in Scots Pine

Oikos ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saikkonen ◽  
S. Neuvonen ◽  
P. Kainulainen
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Resin Acid ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

Effects of larval age and prolonged simulated acid rain on the susceptibility of European pine sawfly to virus infection

Oecologia ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Saikkonen ◽  
S. Neuvonen
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

Effect of simulated acid rain on the growth performance of the European pine sawfly [Neodiprion sertifer)

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Neuvonen ◽  
Kari Saikkonen ◽  
Janne Suomela
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

Responses of Neodiprion sertifer (Hym., Diprionidae) larvae to variation in needle resin acid concentration in Scots pine

Oecologia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig Larsson ◽  
Christer Bj�rkman ◽  
Rolf Gref
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Resin Acid ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer

Effects of potassium deficiency and simulated acid rain, alone and in combination, on the ultrastructure of Scots pine needles

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toini Holopainen ◽  
Pekka Nygren
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resting Period ◽  
Lipid Structures ◽  
Parenchyma Tissue

The effects of potassium deficiency and artificial acid precipitation, alone and in combination, on Scots pine (Pinussilvestris L.) needles were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The seedling material was grown in quartz sand culture and watered with nutrient solution containing 45, 20, 10, or 5 mg of potassium/L; the concentration of other nutrients was constant and equally available for all seedlings. A portion of the seedlings from each group received consecutive acidified water spraying of pH 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, and 3.0, each for 4 days with a 3-day resting period between applications. The potassium deficiency caused an increase in the proportional vacuolar space and severe vesiculation of the tonoplast. Irregularly shaped lipid structures increased in number in the cytoplasm, and lipid bodies also appeared in the vacuoles and occasionally in the chloroplasts. The symptoms related to potassium deficiency were more severe in the transfusion parenchyma cells than in the mesophyll. The lowest level of potassium produced almost complete disorganization of the cellular structures in the transfusion parenchyma tissue, but severe changes were also seen in the mesophyll. The simulated acid rain treatment caused the formation of protrusions in the chloroplasts and an increase in irregularly shaped lipid structures in the cytoplasm throughout the mesophyll tissue, but no clear symptoms were observed inside the bundle sheath. In general, the changes caused by acid rain in the chloroplasts were slight and did not cause serious disorganization of these organelles. When the seedlings were exposed to combination treatment, the typical symptoms of both exposures were observable. The results suggest that the stresses caused by potassium deficiency and short-term foliar acid rain treatment can be distinguished in the needle ultrastructure.

Interactions of Gremmeniella abietina and Endophytic Fungi in Shoots of Scots Pine Trees Treated with Simulated Acid Rain

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ranta ◽  
S. Neuvonen ◽  
A. Ylimartimo
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Pine Trees

Contribution of feeding by European pine sawfly larvae to litter production and element flux in Scots pine plantations

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fogal ◽  
F. Slansky Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Litter Fall ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Element Input ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

The contribution of larvae of the European pine sawfly, Neodiprionsertifer (Geoff.), to litter fall and element input was determined in two contiguous 25-year-old plantations of Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) near Glencairn, Ont., in 1972. Tree spacings were 1.2 × 1.2 and 1.8 × 1.8 m. Tree diameters, numbers of needle-bearing branches per tree, and the number of larval colonies per tree were greater in the less dense plantation. On the other hand, there was no difference between plantations with respect to tree height, number of needles per branch, number of larvae per colony, or percent defoliation. For the denser and less dense plantations, frass was the largest insect-derived component of litter fall at 804 and 1255 kg ha−1, respectively; needles constituted the major tree component of litter fall at 1107 and 929 kg ha−1, respectively, and the total combined contribution of tree and insect material to litter fall was 2395 and 2744 kg ha−1, respectively. Average element input (kilograms per hectare) to the soil via frass for the two plantations was greatest for nitrogen (6.9), followed by potassium (5.0), calcium (4.1), phosphorus (0.8), and magnesium (0.6).

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