A Test of Plant-Vigor, Plant-Stress, and Plant-Genotype Effects on Leaf-Miner Oviposition and Performance

Oikos ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph W. Preszler ◽  
Peter W. Price
Keyword(s):  
Plant Stress ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Genotype Effects

scholarly journals Nematode Root Herbivory in Tomato Increases Leaf Defenses and Reduces Leaf Miner Oviposition and Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla C. M. Arce ◽  
Ricardo A. R. Machado ◽  
Natália S. Ribas ◽  
Paulo F. Cristaldo ◽  
Lívia M. S. Ataíde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Root Herbivory ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Rootstocks Shape the Rhizobiome: Rhizosphere and Endosphere Bacterial Communities in the Grafted Tomato System

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravin Poudel ◽  
Ari Jumpponen ◽  
Megan M. Kennelly ◽  
Cary L. Rivard ◽  
Lorena Gomez-Montano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
The Self ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Abundant Otus ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRACTRoot-associated microbes are critical to plant health and performance, although understanding of the factors that structure these microbial communities and the theory to predict microbial assemblages are still limited. Here, we use a grafted tomato system to study the effects of rootstock genotypes and grafting in endosphere and rhizosphere microbiomes that were evaluated by sequencing 16S rRNA. We compared the microbiomes of nongrafted tomato cultivar BHN589, self-grafted BHN589, and BHN589 grafted to Maxifort or RST-04-106 hybrid rootstocks. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU)-based bacterial diversity was greater in Maxifort compared to the nongrafted control, whereas bacterial diversity in the controls (self-grafted and nongrafted) and the other rootstock (RST-04-106) was similar. Grafting itself did not affect bacterial diversity; diversity in the self-graft was similar to that of the nongraft. Bacterial diversity was higher in the rhizosphere than in the endosphere for all treatments. However, despite the lower overall diversity, there was a greater number of differentially abundant OTUs (DAOTUs) in the endosphere, with the greatest number of DAOTUs associated with Maxifort. In a permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), there was evidence for an effect of rootstock genotype on bacterial communities. The endosphere-rhizosphere compartment and study site explained a high percentage of the differences among bacterial communities. Further analyses identified OTUs responsive to rootstock genotypes in both the endosphere and rhizosphere. Our findings highlight the effects of rootstocks on bacterial diversity and composition. The influence of rootstock and plant compartment on microbial communities indicates opportunities for the development of designer communities and microbiome-based breeding to improve future crop production.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding factors that control microbial communities is essential for designing and supporting microbiome-based agriculture. In this study, we used a grafted tomato system to study the effect of rootstock genotypes and grafting on bacterial communities colonizing the endosphere and rhizosphere. To compare the bacterial communities in control treatments (nongrafted and self-grafted plants) with the hybrid rootstocks used by farmers, we evaluated the effect of rootstocks on overall bacterial diversity and composition. These findings indicate the potential for using plant genotype to indirectly select bacterial taxa. In addition, we identify taxa responsive to each rootstock treatment, which may represent candidate taxa useful for biocontrol and in biofertilizers.

scholarly journals Datana drexelii (Lepidoptera: Notododontidae) Occurrence and Larval Survival on Highbush Blueberry Cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 1568-1571
Author(s):  
Alex K Baranowski ◽  
Steven R Alm ◽  
Evan L Preisser
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pest Interactions

Abstract Plant genotype influences plant suitability to herbivores; domesticated plants selected for properties such as high fruit yield may be particularly vulnerable to herbivory. Cultivated strains of highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. can be high-quality hosts for larvae of the gregariously feeding notodontid Datana drexelii (Hy. Edwards). We conducted an experiment assessing D. drexelii larval survival and pupal weight when fed foliage from five blueberry cultivars: ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Bluetta’, ‘Blueray’, ‘Lateblue’, and ‘Jersey’. We complemented this experimental work with repeated bush-level surveys of a managed blueberry patch for naturally occurring D. drexelii larval clusters. Larval survival and pupal weight were significantly higher on ‘Lateblue’ foliage than from the ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Bluetta’, and ‘Jersey’ cultivars. The blueberry patch surveys found more D. drexelii larval clusters on ‘Bluehaven’, ‘Collins’, and ‘Darrow’ bushes than on the cultivars ‘Earliblue’ and ‘Jersey’. The low D. drexelii occurrence and performance on the ‘Jersey’ cultivar suggests that this variety may be appropriate for areas where this pest is common; conversely, their high occurrence on ‘Bluehaven’ ‘Collins’, and ‘Darrow’ suggests that these cultivars may be particularly vulnerable. Cultivar-level variation in herbivore vulnerability highlights how understanding plant–pest interactions can help manage agricultural species.

scholarly journals Rootstocks shape the rhizobiome: Rhizosphere and endosphere bacterial communities in the grafted tomato system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravin Poudel ◽  
Ari Jumpponen ◽  
Megan M. Kennelly ◽  
Cary L. Rivard ◽  
Lorena Gomez-Montano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Abundant Otus ◽  
And Performance

AbstractRoot-associated microbes are critical to plant health and performance, although understanding of the factors that structure these microbial communities and theory to predict microbial assemblages are still limited. Here we use a grafted tomato system to study the effects of rootstock genotypes and grafting in endosphere and rhizosphere microbiomes that were evaluated by sequencing 16S rRNA. We compared the microbiomes of nongrafted tomato cultivar BHN589, selfgrafted BHN589, and BHN589 grafted to Maxifort or RST-04-106 hybrid rootstocks. OTU-based bacterial diversity was greater in Maxifort compared to nongraft controls, whereas bacterial diversity in the controls (selfgraft and nongraft) and the other rootstock (RST-04-106) was similar. Grafting itself did not affect bacterial diversity; diversity in the selfgraft was similar to the nongraft. Bacterial diversity was higher in the rhizosphere than in the endosphere for all treatments. However, despite the lower overall diversity, there was a greater number of differentially abundant OTUs (DAOTUs) in the endosphere, with the greatest number of DAOTUs associated with Maxifort. In a PERMANOVA analysis, there was evidence for an effect of rootstock genotype on bacterial communities. The endosphere-rhizosphere compartment and study site explained a high percentage of the differences among bacterial communities. Further analyses identified OTUs responsive to rootstock genotypes in both the endosphere and the rhizosphere. Our findings highlight the effects of rootstocks on bacterial diversity and composition. The influence of rootstock and plant compartment on microbial communities indicates opportunities for the development of designer communities and microbiome-based breeding to improve future crop production.ImportanceUnderstanding factors that control microbial communities is essential for designing and supporting microbiome-based agriculture. In this study, we used a grafted tomato system to study the effect of rootstock genotypes and grafting on bacterial communities colonizing the endosphere and the rhizosphere. Comparing the bacterial communities in control treatments (nongraft and selfgraft plants) with the hybrid rootstocks used by farmers, we evaluated the effect of rootstocks on overall bacterial diversity and composition. These findings indicate the potential for using plant genotype to indirectly select bacterial taxa. In addition, we identify taxa responsive to each rootstock treatments, which may represent candidate taxa useful for biocontrol and in biofertilizers.

scholarly journals Geographical and plant genotype effects on the formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza in Avena sativa and Avena nuda at different soil depths

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Y. Yang ◽  
G. Z. Li ◽  
D. E. Zhang ◽  
P. Christie ◽  
X. L. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Avena Nuda ◽  
Genotype Effects

Host-plant genotype and other herbivores influence goldenrod stem galler preference and performance

Oecologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Cronin ◽  
Warren G. Abrahamson
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Larval Performance of a Major Forest Pest on Novel Hosts and the Effect of Stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donnie L Peterson ◽  
Don Cipollini
Keyword(s):  
Plant Stress ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ancestral Stress ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Novel hosts lacking a coevolutionary history with herbivores can often support improved larval performance over historic hosts; e.g., emerald ash borer [Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire) Coleoptera: Buprestidae] on North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees. Whether trees are novel or ancestral, stress on plants increases emerald ash borer preference and performance. White fringetree [Chionanthus virginicus (L.) Lamiales: Oleaceae] and olive [Olea europaea (L.) Lamiales: Oleaceae] are closely related non-ash hosts that support development of emerald ash borer to adulthood, but their relative suitability as hosts and the impact of plant stress on larval success has not been well studied. In a series of experiments, survival and growth of emerald ash borer larvae on these novel hosts were examined along with the impact of stress. In the first experiment, larvae grew more slowly in cut stems of olive than in green ash [Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Marshall) Lamiales: Oleaceae] and several adults successfully emerged from larger olive stems. In two experiments on young potted olive with photosynthesizing bark, larvae died within a week, but mechanical girdling increased the rate of gallery establishment. The final two experiments on field-grown fringetrees found increased larval survivorship and growth in previously emerald ash borer attacked and mechanically girdled plants than in healthy stems or stems treated with the defense hormone, methyl jasmonate. Our results demonstrate that these non-ash hosts are less suitable for emerald ash borer than preferred ash hosts, but previous emerald ash borer attack or girdling led to better survival and growth demonstrating the importance of stress for larval success. In potted olive, high mortality could be due to higher loads of toxic compounds or the presence of chlorophyllous tissue.

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