The Breeding Biology of the House Sparrow Passer domesticus in Israel

Abstract: The breeding biology of the Faroese house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is described based on the results from nestlings that were ringed just before they were fledging. By means of dates and numbers, the beginning and duration of the breeding seasons are determined and the reproductive output is estimated. Our study has shown that Faroese house sparrows produce two, occasionally three, broods annually. Overall, eggs of the first, second and third clutch are normally laid in the beginning of May, in the middle of June and in the beginning of July, respectively. In a season, a female produced 6.3 nestlings, on average. For the whole period, the average brood size was 3.5 nestlings. During the first part of the time series (19851989), the breeding season became earlier each year, but then to be later again in the years 1990 to 1992. The first clutch was laid more than five weeks earlier in 1989 than in 1985 and the second clutch almost seven weeks earlier. Úrtak: Árini frá 1985 til 1992 vóru tilsamans 347 gráspurvaungar (Passer domesticus) merktir í bygdini Nólsoy, beint áðrenn teir vóru floygdir. Við at nýta dagfestingina tá ungarnir vórðu merktir og talið av ungum er ásett, nær og hvussu ofta gráspurvurin verpur og hvussu nógvar ungar hann fær hvørja ferð. Kanningarnar vísa, at føroyski gráspurvurin verpur tvær ferðir um árið, viðhvørt tó tríggjar ferðir: Fyrstu urptin er í byrjanini av mai mánað, tann næsta er um miðjan juni og triðja urptin í byrjanini av juli mánað. Hvør bøga fær í miðal 6,3 ungar um árið. Í miðal vóru 3,5 ungar í hvørjari urpt. Úrslit okkara vísa, at tey fyrstu árini varp gráspurvurin fyrr og fyrr, fyri hvørt árið. Hetta broyttist tó tey seinru árini sum kanningin vardi: Í 1989 vórðu fyrstu eggini vorpin meira enn fimm vikur fyrri enn í 1985, og næstu urptin næstan sjey vikur fyrr.

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The breeding biology of the House Sparrow Passer domesticus at Blantyre, Malawi

Ostrich ◽

10.1080/00306525.2000.9639874 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 71 (1-2) ◽

pp. 80-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. E.D. Nhlane

Keyword(s):

House Sparrow ◽

Passer Domesticus ◽

Breeding Biology

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Three hundred years of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) persecution in Germany

Archives of Natural History ◽

10.3366/anh.2007.34.2.307 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 307-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. SEITZ

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

House Sparrow ◽

Bird Species ◽

Passer Domesticus ◽

Second World War ◽

Population Increase ◽

World War ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Second World

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.

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House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)

10.2173/bna.houspa.02 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Peter E. Lowther ◽

Calvin L. Cink

Keyword(s):

House Sparrow ◽

Passer Domesticus

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The Circadian Component in the Photoperiodic Mechanism of the House Sparrow, Passer domesticus

Physiological Zoology ◽

10.1086/physzool.50.4.30155730 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 247-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Donald S. Farner ◽

Richard S. Donham ◽

Robert A. Lewis ◽

Philip W. Mattocks ◽

Thomas R. Darden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

House Sparrow ◽

Passer Domesticus

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Differences in Depredation by Small Predators Limit the Use of Plasticine and Zebra Finch Eggs in Artificial-Nest Studies

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/103.1.180 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 180-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas J. Maier ◽

Richard M. Degraaf

Keyword(s):

Small Mammals ◽

Zebra Finch ◽

House Sparrow ◽

Peromyscus Leucopus ◽

Passer Domesticus ◽

Field Studies ◽

Taeniopygia Guttata ◽

Artificial Nest ◽

Neotropical Migrant ◽

Passerine Species

Abstract Small mammals, such as mice and voles, have been implicated as major egg predators of Neotropical migrant passerines by field studies using soft plasticine eggs or the very small eggs of Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata). Nevertheless, the effort required to depredate these commonly used egg surrogates may be less than that required to depredate the larger, thicker-shelled eggs of most passerine species. To compare the depredation of these surrogates to that of the eggs of a mid-sized passerine by a ubiquitous small predator, we exposed dissimilar pairs of plasticine, Zebra Finch, and House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) eggs to captive white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Plasticine eggs were marked by mice more than either kind of real egg, and Zebra Finch eggs were breached more often than House Sparrow eggs. We conclude that the use of either plasticine or Zebra Finch eggs may lead to overestimation of the ability or proclivity of small mammals to actually depredate the eggs of most passerines.

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