Resource Guide to Travel in Sub-Saharan Africa. Vol 2: Central and Southern Africa (And Western Indian Ocean Islands)

The purpose of this catalogue is to list the valid names, nomenclatorial history of, and published references to, the known bees of Sub-Saharan Africa and the western Indian Ocean islands, excluding the honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus). An attempt has been made to include references to all publications on Afrotropical bees since Dalla Torre’s (1896) catalogue, up to and including 2009. All publications dealing with each species are listed under the name combination used. This catalogue includes 2755 valid species and 1133 references. Taxonomic changes, such as new name combinations, with correct latinization and gender, are included. The distribution by country, plants visited, hosts (for parasitic bee species) and parasites are recorded, as are the type’s gender, depository and country locality for each described species (valid and invalid). The following new combinations are included: Amegilla cincta conradsi (Strand), Evylaeus aeratus (Kirby), Evylaeus angustissimus (Cockerell), Evylaeus ankaratrense (Benoist), Evylaeus bellulus (Vachal), Evylaeus bianonis (Cockerell), Evylaeus burnupi (Cockerell), Evylaeus calviniellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus camphorellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus cardiurus (Cockerell), Evylaeus cephalinotus (Cockerell), Evylaeus cessulus (Cockerell), Evylaeus clavigerellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus coeruleodorsatus (Strand), Evylaeus coloratipes (Cockerell), Evylaeus constrictulus (Cockerell), Evylaeus cyaneodiscus (Cockerell), Evylaeus deceptus (Smith), Evylaeus diloloensis (Cockerell), Evylaeus diminutellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus discretulus (Cockerell), Evylaeus epichlorus (Cockerell), Evylaeus gastrophilinus (Cockerell), Evylaeus gendettensis (Cockerell), Evylaeus godmanae (Michener), Evylaeus hemicyaneum (Benoist), Evylaeus hirtulinus (Cockerell), Evylaeus kabetiellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus kampalensis (Cockerell), Evylaeus kasuloi (Cockerell), Evylaeus kowitensis (Cockerell), Evylaeus lactescens (Cockerell), Evylaeus lampronotus (Cameron), Evylaeus latibalteatus (Meade-Waldo), Evylaeus latior (Cockerell), Evylaeus leucophenax (Cockerell), Evylaeus morio (Fabricius), Evylaeus macilentus (Benoist), Evylaeus marshalli (Cockerell); Evylaeus matoporum (Cockerell), Evylaeus mediocre (Benoist), Evylaeus meruensis (Friese), Evylaeus meneliki (Friese), Evylaeus mesopolitus (Cockerell), Evylaeus microsellatus (Cockerell), Evylaeus mirifrons (Cockerell), Evylaeus natensis (Cockerell), Evylaeus nigritulinus (Cockerell), Evylaeus nitididorsatus. (Benoist), Evylaeus niveostictus (Cockerell), Evylaeus parvulinus (Cockerell), Evylaeus pastinimimus (Cockerell), Evylaeus percornutus (Cockerell), Evylaeus perihirtus (Cockerell), Evylaeus perileucus (Cockerell), Evylaeus pernitens (Cockerell), Evylaeus pilicornis (Friese), Evylaeus politescens (Cockerell), Evylaeus pulchripes (Cockerell), Evylaeus pulchritarsis (Cockerell), Evylaeus puzeyi (Cockerell), Evylaeus rubrocinctus (Cockerell), Evylaeus rufitarsellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus ruwenzicus (Cockerell), Evylaeus ruwenzoriellus (Cockerell), Evylaeus schubotzi (Strand), Evylaeus sellatiferus (Cockerell), Evylaeus semilucidus (Cockerell), Evylaeus sublautus (Cockerell), Evylaeus submetallicus (Benoist), Evylaeus tenuicornis (Cockerell), Evylaeus tenuivenis (Cockerell), Evylaeus thestis (Cameron), Evylaeus wilkinsoni (Cockerell), Evylaeus windhukensis (Friese), Heriades edentatus (Friese), Lasioglossum lukulense (Cockerell), Lasioglossum simulator (Cockerell), Lipotriches armatipes obscuripes (Friese), Lipotriches fumipennigera (Strand), and Megachile ambigua (Pasteels). One replacement name has been added: Hylaeus multifarius Eardley & Urban.

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History and management - Southern Africa and western Indian Ocean islands.

Parthenium weed: biology, ecology and management ◽

10.1079/9781780645254.0264 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 264-286

Author(s):

L. W. Strathie ◽

A. J. McConnachie

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Ocean Islands

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Genetic polymorphism and population structure ofEchinococcus ortleppi

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182016001840 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 144 (4) ◽

pp. 450-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

F. ADDY ◽

M. WASSERMANN ◽

F. BANDA ◽

H. MBAYA ◽

J. ASCHENBORN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

South America ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Eastern And Southern Africa

SUMMARYThe zoonotic cestodeEchinococcus ortleppi(Lopez-Neyra and Soler Planas, 1943) is mainly transmitted between dogs and cattle. It occurs worldwide but is only found sporadically in most regions, with the notable exception of parts of southern Africa and South America. Its epidemiology is little understood and the extent of intraspecific variability is unknown. We have analysed in the present study the genetic diversity among 178E. ortleppiisolates from sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and South America using the complete mitochondrialcox1(1608 bp) andnad1(894 bp) DNA sequences. Genetic polymorphism within the loci revealed 15cox1and sixnad1haplotypes, respectively, and 20 haplotypes of the concatenated genes. Presence of most haplotypes was correlated to geographical regions, and only one haplotype had a wider spread in both eastern and southern Africa. Intraspecific microvariance was low in comparison withEchinococcus granulosussensu stricto, despite the wide geographic range of examined isolates. In addition, the various sub-populations showed only subtle deviation from neutrality and were mostly genetically differentiated. This is the first insight into the population genetics of the enigmatic cattle adaptedEchinococcus ortleppi. It, therefore, provides baseline data for biogeographical comparison amongE. ortleppiendemic regions and for tracing its translocation paths.

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Firearms in Southern Africa: A survey

The Journal of African History ◽

10.1017/s0021853700011117 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 517-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shula Marks ◽

Anthony Atmore

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Seventeenth Century ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Black And White ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Settler Population ◽

White Settlement

The relationships of the peoples of southern Africa after the establishment and expansion of the white settlement in the mid-seventeenth century can be seen in terms of both conflict and interdependence, both resistance and collaboration. The conflict often split over into warfare, not only between black and white, but also within both groups. As time passed, firearms came to be used by ever-widening circles of the combatants, often as much the result of the increased collaboration and interdependence between peoples as of the increased conflict. As Inez Sutton has pointed out, ‘in contrast to most of the rest of [sub-Saharan] Africa, the presence of a settler population ensured that the supply of arms was the most modern rather than the most obsolete’, and on the whole non-whites were acutely aware of changes in the manufacture of firearms in the nineteenth century.

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Africa and the wider world: creole communities in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans

Tempo ◽

10.1590/tem-1980-542x2017v230303 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 465-481

Author(s):

Malyn Newitt

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

World Economy ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Cultural Appropriation ◽

The World ◽

African Slaves ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract: Portuguese creoles were instrumental in bringing sub-Saharan Africa into the intercontinental systems of the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. In the Atlantic Islands a distinctive creole culture emerged, made up of Christian emigrants from Portugal, Jewish exiles and African slaves. These creole polities offered a base for coastal traders and became politically influential in Africa - in Angola creating their own mainland state. Connecting the African interior with the world economy was largely on African terms and the lack of technology transfer meant that the economic gap between Africa and the rest of the world inexorably widened. African slaves in Latin America adapted to a society already creolised, often through adroit forms of cultural appropriation and synthesis. In eastern Africa Portuguese worked within existing creolised Islamic networks but the passage of their Indiamen through the Atlantic created close links between the Indian Ocean and Atlantic commercial systems.

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Madagascar corals reveal a multidecadal signature of rainfall and river runoff since 1708

Climate of the Past ◽

10.5194/cp-9-641-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 641-656 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

C. A. Grove ◽

J. Zinke ◽

F. Peeters ◽

W. Park ◽

T. Scheufen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Southern Africa ◽

River Runoff ◽

Decadal Variability ◽

Rainfall Variability ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Phase Changes ◽

Monsoon Circulation ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Instrumental Records

Abstract. Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures (SST) influence rainfall variability on multidecadal and interdecadal timescales in concert with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). Rainfall variations in locations such as Australia and North America are therefore linked to phase changes in the PDO. Furthermore, studies have suggested teleconnections exist between the western Indian Ocean and Pacific Decadal Variability (PDV), similar to those observed on interannual timescales related to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, as instrumental records of rainfall are too short and sparse to confidently assess multidecadal climatic teleconnections, here we present four coral climate archives from Madagascar spanning up to the past 300 yr (1708–2008) to assess such decadal variability. Using spectral luminescence scanning to reconstruct past changes in river runoff, we identify significant multidecadal and interdecadal frequencies in the coral records, which before 1900 are coherent with Asian-based PDO reconstructions. This multidecadal relationship with the Asian-based PDO reconstructions points to an unidentified teleconnection mechanism that affects Madagascar rainfall/runoff, most likely triggered by multidecadal changes in North Pacific SST, influencing the Asian Monsoon circulation. In the 20th century we decouple human deforestation effects from rainfall-induced soil erosion by pairing luminescence with coral geochemistry. Positive PDO phases are associated with increased Indian Ocean temperatures and runoff/rainfall in eastern Madagascar, while precipitation in southern Africa and eastern Australia declines. Consequently, the negative PDO phase that started in 1998 may contribute to reduced rainfall over eastern Madagascar and increased precipitation in southern Africa and eastern Australia. We conclude that multidecadal rainfall variability in Madagascar and the western Indian Ocean needs to be taken into account when considering water resource management under a future warming climate.

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