Determinants of Chick Survival in the Lesser Black-Backed Gull: Relative Contributions of Egg Size and Parental Quality

10.2307/5424 ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bolton



2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
T S Risch ◽  
F C Rohwer

We performed a clutch-transfer experiment with herring gulls (Larus argentatus) to quantify how parental attributes and egg size affect chick growth and survival. The quality of parents was assessed by their average egg mass. There was no association between hatching success and egg mass in either unmanipulated or experimental nests. Among experimental treatments, the high-quality parents had a significantly higher chick survival rate than low-quality parents in 1991 and when data from 1990 and 1991 were pooled. A positive effect of egg size on chick survival was apparent only when data from both years were pooled. Chicks raised by high-quality parents had higher structural growth rates (tarsus) than chicks raised by low-quality parents. We discount the likelihood for selection of larger eggs because egg size has trade-offs with other life-history traits that have a strong influence on fitness. Despite the correlation between parental quality and chick survival, we doubt that there is character displacement for greater parental quality. Parental quality is probably affected by nutrition and is expected to have low heritability.



Oecologia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Blomqvist ◽  
O. C. Johansson ◽  
Frank Götmark




10.2307/5735 ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond Amundsen ◽  
Svein-Hakon Lorentsen ◽  
Torkild Tveraa




The Condor ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meritxell Genovart ◽  
Daniel Oro ◽  
Xavier Ruiz ◽  
Richard Griffiths ◽  
Pat Monaghan ◽  
...  

AbstractWe examined seasonal variation in the hatching sex ratio of Audouin's Gull (Larus audouinii). This species is sexually size dimorphic (males are 20% larger than females at fledging); it has a modal clutch of three eggs, which vary in size (the third egg is the smallest) and hatch asynchronously. These sex, egg size, and hatching patterns generate substantial within-brood differences in chick size that interact with the food provisioning of the parents to influence chick survival. Parental provisioning capacity depends on both parental quality and environmental conditions, both of which are known to decline with season. Consequently, the optimal brood composition is likely to vary within a season. Using molecular markers to sex newly hatched chicks, we found that offspring sex was influenced by an interaction between hatching date and hatching order, with the proportion of males among third-hatched chicks initially increasing and then decreasing later in the season.Cambios Estacionales en la Proporción de Sexos de las Polladas en Larus audouiniiResumen. En el presente trabajo examinamos la variación estacional en la proporción de sexos de los pollos de Larus audouinii en el momento de la eclosión. Esta especie es sexualmente dimórfica (los machos son un 20% mayores que las hembras al acabar su crecimiento), tiene una puesta modal de tres huevos, que varían en tamaño (el tercero es el menor) y eclosionan asincrónicamente. Estos patrones de sexo, tamaño del huevo y orden de eclosión generan diferencias sustanciales en el tamaño de los pollos dentro de la pollada, los que a su vez interaccionan con la provisión de alimento de los progenitores influyendo la supervivencia de cada pollo. La capacidad de proveer alimento dependerá de la calidad parental y de las condiciones ambientales, las cuales suelen disminuir a lo largo de la estación reproductora. En consecuencia, la composición óptima de la pollada probablemente varía en cada estación. Una vez identificado de sexo de los pollos mediante técnicas moleculares, encontramos que el sexo de la progenie estuvo influenciado por la interacción entre la fecha de eclosión y el orden de eclosión, de modo que la proporción de machos en los huevos eclosionados en tercer lugar incrementó inicialmente y luego disminuyó al final de la estación.



Evolution ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1780-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter V. Reid ◽  
P. Dee Boersma


The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Hargitai ◽  
János Török ◽  
László Tóth ◽  
Gergely Hegyi ◽  
Balázs Rosivall ◽  
...  


The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-926
Author(s):  
Nicole E. Rafferty ◽  
P. Dee Boersma ◽  
Ginger A. Rebstock

Abstract We investigated patterns and consequences of intraclutch egg-size variation in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus). First-laid eggs were significantly larger than second-laid eggs, although the mean difference represented only 2% of an average egg's volume. The degree of intraclutch egg-size variation was similar among years and females of different ages. Intraclutch egg-size variation did not affect intraclutch differences in chick hatching weights or fledging success. We found no selective advantage for laying eggs of different sizes. Because both eggs have an equal probability of being lost, chance favors equal provisioning of eggs. Egg volume explained 35% of the variation in hatching weight but did not determine fledging success. Laying order, year, and female age were better predictors of fledging success than egg size. Factors such as laying and hatching order, parental quality, oceanographic conditions, fights, and predation are more important in determining chick survival than are differences in egg size.



Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document