THE MIDDLE CLASS VERSUS THE NATION:

2002 ◽  
pp. 167-194
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
pp. 54-90
Author(s):  
Michel Mollat ◽  
Philippe Wolff
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Bonam ◽  
Caitlyn Yantis ◽  
Valerie Jones Taylor

In addition to racial stereotypes about people (e.g., Black people are poor), perceivers hold parallel racial stereotypes about physical spaces (e.g., Black spaces are impoverished; Bonam, Bergsieker, & Eberhardt, 2016). Three studies extend these findings, showing that (a) Whites describe Black space as impoverished and undesirable, but describe White space as affluent and desirable, and (b) this racially polarized stereotype content is heightened for spaces compared to people (Studies 1 & 2). Perceivers are accordingly more likely to racially stereotype spaces than people (Study 3). This asymmetry in racial stereotype application is exacerbated when targets are objectively middle class versus lower class, likely because Whites have more difficulty incorporating counterstereotypic information into perceptions of Black spaces—compared to perceptions of Black people, White people, and White spaces (Study 3). Finally, we provide and discuss evidence for potential consequences of invisible middle-class Black space, relating to residential segregation and the racial wealth gap.


1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Bernstein

The New Year's resolutions of middle-class sixth-graders were compared with those of Mennonite and Amish sixth-graders. The Mennonite and Amish youngsters generally resolved to try harder at various things, whereas middle-class youngsters focused on the outcome of their efforts, resolving to do better. The resolutions of middle-class youth were also notably more dynamic and imaginative than those of the Amish and Mennonites. In addition, certain sex differences were found in both cultures. Girls consistently wrote longer resolutions and more of them. Girls also wrote more about home responsibilities and personal health habits, whereas boys wrote more about religious responsibilities and sports and hobbies. All of these sex differences, however, were more pronounced among the Amish and Mennonite youth.


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