The Calculus of Variations and the Stationary Rate of Return on Capital

2009 ◽  
pp. 13-29
Keyword(s):  
Calculus Of Variations ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Stationary Rate ◽  
Return On Capital

scholarly journals PROSPEK PEMBESARAN IKAN BAWAL (Colossoma macropomum) DI DESA SUKOSARI KECAMATAN BELITANG KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Yudi Zuriah
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Time Production ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Research Criteria

The purpose of this study is to: (1) To find out how much the cost of production and acceptance of the enlargement of pomfret (Colossoma macropomum) in one production process, (2) To find out how the value of the feasibility of enlargement of bawal fish (Colossoma macropomum) in one time production process. This research was conducted in Sukosari Village, Belitang District, OKU Timur Regency. Determination of research location is done purposively or purposely, with the consideration that in Sukosari Village is one of the villages that develop bawal fish enlargement farming and the area has enough population in the research criteria. The study was conducted in February 2015 until it was completed. This study found that the average cost of revenues and revenues of pomfret fish breeding in the production period of 4 months, obtained revenue in pomfret breeding business amounted to Rp 37.322.467 / process, while the income from the business of raising fish pomfret Rp 11.352.433 / process. The analysis of R / C ratio obtained from the enlargement of pomfret fish in 4 months is 1.4, which means that every one rupiah sacrificed will be obtained by the receipt of 1.4 so the enlargement of pomfret is said to be profitable. ROI analysis represents the rate of return on capital where ROI on the business of fish bawal enlargement is 42%.

Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India : Fair Rate of Return for Airports

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Sidharth Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
High Estimate ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Consultation Paper

An estimate of the fair rate of return on capital is a critical input into tariff regulation. A too high estimate will lead to high tariffs for consumers; a too low estimate will not provide adequate incentives for investment. The Airport Economic Regulatory Authority of India has issued a consultation paper for finalizing the norms and procedure for estimating the fair rate of return. It now needs to reconcile the differing view and approaches of different stakeholders.

scholarly journals CAUSALITY OF RISKS, COST OF EQUITY AND SHADING OF THE ENTERPRISE INCOME

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Oleh Tereshchenko ◽  
Nataliia Babiak
Keyword(s):  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Tax Havens ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Pattern Comparison ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Official Declaration

The scandals with concealment of income by large companies in tax havens, the unresolved problem of estimating the size of the shadow economy, and its high share in emerging markets (EM) make issues of the methodology for calculating the shadow income of enterprises relevant for today. The aim of the study is to substantiate the method for calculating the scope of shadowing of legal business income based on the method of shadow rates of costs on invested (equity) capital. The authors construct a two-factor linear regression, which enables to test the hypothesis of the effect of the expected rate of return and return on equity at the shadow economy level. The regression analysis confirms a negative correlation between ROE and the shadow economy level. There is a positive correlation between the risks of investing in equity, which are reflected in the expected rate of return on capital, and the total income shadowing. The regression-correlation analysis of the dependence of the shadow income of enterprises on these factors confirms a similar pattern. Comparison of the obtained values of the shadow income of enterprises in Ukraine with alternative estimates of the shadow economy reveals a higher sensitivity of the proposed method to changes in country risks, as well as to decisions aimed at improving business conditions. It is confirmed that the exacerbation of risks automatically reflects on the expectations regarding the return on investment and on the official declaration of income. Therefore, the shadow economy reduction is related directly to a set of measures aimed at minimizing the risks of business activities.

scholarly journals Fundamental factors of techno-economic cyclicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Oleg O. Komolov ◽  
◽  
Daler B. Dzhabborov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Stock Market Bubbles ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
Rate Of Profit

The paper examines the phenomenon of stages in technical and economic development in the context of the theory of technological paradigm. On the basis of a critical rethinking of the approaches of Dosi, Perez, Glazyev et al., the marxist tendency of the rate of profit to fall, as well as an empirical analysis of the US economy, the authors built an econometric model that makes it possible to determine the factors that affect both the change of technological structures themselves and their phases. The incentive that pushes capital to the path of investment in new technologies is the dynamics of the rate of return, which tends to decline and stagnate at this stage. After the new technology was mastered by national producers, and the concentration of capital created national leaders with sufficient competitiveness. foreign economic relations between countries are intensifying, which expresses competition for the development of new markets. The growing rate of return is pushing investors to capitalize on it in the form of further investment in industries where new technology can increase the return on capital. At the same time, this creates the prerequisites for overaccumulation, which is expressed in a gradual drop in the marginal profitability in production, which directs capital to the financial sector. The financialization of the economy and the formation of stock market bubbles are taking place. After their collapse, the economy enters the stage of a fall in the average rate of profit, which again starts the process of searching for a new revolutionary technology that can ensure an increase in labor productivity. The research results make it possible to more fully explain the reasons for the change in the phases of technological orders, as well as predict these processes.

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