Global Aspects of Chronic Kidney Disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopesh K Modi ◽  
Vivekanand Jha
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
End Stage

Chronic kidney disease has a high prevalence and a high mortality rate worldwide. Although diabetes and hypertension are common, unique causes of kidney disease may occur driven by infections, exposures, or genetic susceptibilities. Certain agricultural areas in particular have a high incidence of tubulointerstitial kidney disease of unclear etiology. Risk factors may include heat stress, pesticides, heavy metals, and other environmental toxins. Furthermore, countries have disproportionately different prevalence of renal replacement therapy, which seems to correlate in part to the type of health coverage. The future challenges for the nephrology community worldwide will be dealing with the growing number of patients with end-stage kidney disease, the fragmented healthcare in some countries, shortage of kidney transplantation programs, and deficient registries to appropriately assess the prevalence of kidney disease. This review contains 4 figures, 3 tables, and 54 references. Key Words: acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, epidemiology, ethnic background, HIV-associated nephropathy, noncommunicable diseases, renal replacement therapy, screening, socioeconomic status

scholarly journals Timing of renal replacement therapy and long-term risk of chronic kidney disease and death in intensive care patients with acute kidney injury

Critical Care ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Christiansen ◽  
Steffen Christensen ◽  
Lars Pedersen ◽  
Henrik Gammelager ◽  
J. Bradley Layton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Intensive Care Patients

Malignancy-associated kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
K Kozłowska ◽  
J. Małyszko
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Nephritis ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Electrolyte Abnormalities

Malignancy or its treatment affect kidney in several ways. The most common are acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Other form of kidney diseases can also be present such as nephrotic syndrome, tubulointerstitial nephritis, thrombotic microangipathy etc. In addition, electrolyte abnormalities such as hypercalcemia, hyponatremia and hypernatremia, hypokalemia and hyperkalemia, and hypomagnesemia. are observed. Treatment of malignancy associated kidney disease is usually symptomatic. Cessation of the offending agent or other supportive measures if needed i.e. renal replacement therapy are also implemented.

Refractory Dabigatran-Induced Hemorrhage Despite Multiple Idarucizumab Administration and Renal Replacement Therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 089719002096169
Author(s):  
Francis Flynn ◽  
Guillaume Richard ◽  
Marc A. Dobrescu ◽  
Josée Bouchard ◽  
David Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Dabigatran Etexilate ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Intermittent Hemodialysis ◽  
Thrombin Time

Purpose: This case report describes a patient with dabigatran accumulation due to acute kidney injury on chronic kidney disease, requiring multiple administration of idarucizumab along with renal replacement therapy because of rebound effect causing numerous episodes of bleeding. Summary: An 86-year-old man on dabigatran etexilate 110 mg twice daily for stroke prevention with atrial fibrillation was admitted to the hospital for bowel obstruction and severe acute kidney injury on chronic kidney disease. The patient had an abnormal coagulation profile and no history of bleeding. Initial laboratory values revealed a hemoglobin concentration of 10.7 g/dL, a platelet count of 115 × 103 platelets/μL, an activated partial thromboplastin time of 150.4 seconds, an international normalized ratio of 10.28, a thrombin time greater than 100 seconds and a serum creatinine of 5.54 mg/dL (490 μmol/L). An initial dose of idarucizumab was administered 1 hour prior to surgery to prevent bleeding. Significant bleeding and hemodynamic instability occurred following surgery. Three additional doses of idarucizumab, 2 sessions of intermittent hemodialysis, continuous venovenous hemofiltration and blood products were required to achieve normalization of coagulation parameters and hemodynamic stability due to rebound coagulopathy after each dose of idarucizumab. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury on chronic kidney disease and third-space redistribution could have led to important dabigatran accumulation and favored rebound coagulopathy. Multiple therapeutic approaches may be required in the management of complex dabigatran intoxication.

Renal medicine

2012 ◽  
pp. 383-402
Author(s):  
Lesley K Bowker ◽  
James D Price ◽  
Sarah C Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Fluid Challenge ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Injury Management

The ageing kidney 384 Acute kidney injury 386 Acute kidney injury: management 388 HOW TO . . . Perform a fluid challenge in AKI/anuria 389 Chronic kidney disease 392 HOW TO . . . Estimate the glomerular filtration rate 393 Chronic kidney disease: complications 394 Renal replacement therapy: dialysis 396 Renal replacement therapy: transplantation ...

Renal medicine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley K. Bowker ◽  
James D. Price ◽  
Ku Shah ◽  
Sarah C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Injury Management

This chapter provides information on the ageing kidney, acute kidney injury, management of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, complications of chronic kidney disease, dialysis in renal replacement therapy, transplantation in renal replacement therapy, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, and renal artery stenosis.

scholarly journals The renal replacement therapy landscape in 2030: reducing the global cardiovascular burden in dialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii51-ii57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Canaud ◽  
Allan Collins ◽  
Frank Maddux
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
End Stage ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract Despite the significant progress made in understanding chronic kidney disease and uraemic pathophysiology, use of advanced technology and implementation of new strategies in renal replacement therapy, the clinical outcomes of chronic kidney disease 5 dialysis patients remain suboptimal. Considering residual suboptimal medical needs of short intermittent dialysis, it is our medical duty to revisit standards of dialysis practice and propose new therapeutic options for improving the overall effectiveness of dialysis sessions and reduce the burden of stress induced by the therapy. Several themes arise to address the modifiable components of the therapy that are aimed at mitigating some of the cardiovascular risks in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Among them, five are of utmost importance and include: (i) enhancement of treatment efficiency and continuous monitoring of dialysis performances; (ii) prevention of dialysis-induced stress; (iii) precise handling of sodium and fluid balance; (iv) moving towards heparin-free dialysis; and (v) customizing electrolyte prescriptions. In summary, haemodialysis treatment in 2030 will be substantially more personalized to the patient, with a clear focus on cardioprotection, volume management, arrhythmia surveillance, avoidance of anticoagulation and the development of more dynamic systems to align the fluid and electrolyte needs of the patient on the day of the treatment to their particular circumstances.

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