INVESTIGATING LONG-TERM PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN NARRAGANSETT BAY USING BAYESIAN MULTIVARIATE DYNAMIC LINEAR MODELS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jacob Strock
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Narragansett Bay ◽  
Dynamic Linear Models ◽  
Physical Chemical

Bridge extreme stress prediction based on Bayesian dynamic linear models and non-uniform sampling

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueping Fan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Bridge Monitoring ◽  
Uniform Sampling ◽  
Dynamic Linear Models ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Wisconsin River ◽  
Stress Prediction ◽  
Effective Use

Bridge monitoring systems produce a large amount of data, including uniform and non-uniform sampled data in the long-term service periods; the proper handling of these data is one of the main difficulties in structural health monitoring. To properly predict structural non-uniform extreme stress and deal with the uncertainties of the monitored data, the objectives of this article are to present (a) Bayesian dynamic linear models about non-uniform extreme stress, (b) monitoring mechanism about the Bayesian dynamic linear models based on single and cumulative Bayes’ factors, and (c) an effective use of the Bayesian dynamic linear models to incorporate the dynamic monitored data into structural non-uniform extreme stress prediction. The proposed models and procedure are applied to the monitored data obtained from the I-39 Northbound Bridge over the Wisconsin River in Wausau, Wisconsin, USA.

scholarly journals Predicting Rates of Inbreeding in Populations Undergoing Selection

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 1851-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Woolliams ◽  
Piter Bijma
Keyword(s):  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Correction Term ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Nonrandom Mating ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Genetic Contributions ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractTractable forms of predicting rates of inbreeding (ΔF) in selected populations with general indices, nonrandom mating, and overlapping generations were developed, with the principal results assuming a period of equilibrium in the selection process. An existing theorem concerning the relationship between squared long-term genetic contributions and rates of inbreeding was extended to nonrandom mating and to overlapping generations. ΔF was shown to be ~¼(1 − ω) times the expected sum of squared lifetime contributions, where ω is the deviation from Hardy-Weinberg proportions. This relationship cannot be used for prediction since it is based upon observed quantities. Therefore, the relationship was further developed to express ΔF in terms of expected long-term contributions that are conditional on a set of selective advantages that relate the selection processes in two consecutive generations and are predictable quantities. With random mating, if selected family sizes are assumed to be independent Poisson variables then the expected long-term contribution could be substituted for the observed, providing ¼ (since ω = 0) was increased to ½. Established theory was used to provide a correction term to account for deviations from the Poisson assumptions. The equations were successfully applied, using simple linear models, to the problem of predicting ΔF with sib indices in discrete generations since previously published solutions had proved complex.

The global iron industry and the Anthropocene

2020 ◽  
pp. 205301962098233
Author(s):  
Kevin Mallinger ◽  
Martin Mergili
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Iron Industry ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Organic Particles ◽  
Rock Overburden

Iron ore is the most mined metal and the second most mined mineral in the world. The mining of iron ore and the processing of iron and steel increased sharply during the 20th century and peaked at the beginning of the 21st century. Associated processes along the iron ore cycle (mining, processing, recycling, weathering) such as the massive displacement of rock, the emission of waste and pollutants, or the weathering of products resulted in long-term environmental and stratigraphic changes. Key findings link the iron ore industry to 170 gigatons of rock overburden, a global share of CO2 with 7.6%, mercury with 7.4%, and a variety of other metals, pollutants, and residues. These global changes led to physical, chemical, biological, magnetic, and sequential markers, which are used for the justification of the Anthropocene. The potential markers vary significantly regarding their persistence and measurability, but key findings are summarised as TMPs (Technogenic Magnetic Particles), SCPs (Spheroidal Carbonaceous fly ash Particles), POPs (Persistent Organic Particles), heavy metals (vanadium, mercury, etc.), as well as steel input and steel corrosion residues.

Prediction of typhoon tracks using dynamic linear models

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keon-Tae Sohn ◽  
H. Joe Kwon ◽  
Ae-Sook Suh
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Dynamic Linear Models ◽  
Typhoon Tracks

scholarly journals Biological Control and Mitigation of Aflatoxin Contamination in Commodities

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Ferenc Peles ◽  
Péter Sipos ◽  
Szilvia Kovács ◽  
Zoltán Győri ◽  
István Pócsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Ruminal Degradation

Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic secondary metabolites produced mostly by Aspergillus species. AF contamination entering the feed and food chain has been a crucial long-term issue for veterinarians, medicals, agroindustry experts, and researchers working in this field. Although different (physical, chemical, and biological) technologies have been developed, tested, and employed to mitigate the detrimental effects of mycotoxins, including AFs, universal methods are still not available to reduce AF levels in feed and food in the last decades. Possible biological control by bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, their excretes, the role of the ruminal degradation, pre-harvest biocontrol by competitive exclusion or biofungicides, and post-harvest technologies and practices based on biological agents currently used to alleviate the toxic effects of AFs are collected in this review. Pre-harvest biocontrol technologies can give us the greatest opportunity to reduce AF production on the spot. Together with post-harvest applications of bacteria or fungal cultures, these technologies can help us strictly reduce AF contamination without synthetic chemicals.

scholarly journals Index-based and compliance assessment of water quality for a Brazilian subtropical reservoir

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Bonino Rauen ◽  
Ana Camila Ferraresi ◽  
Leila Maranho ◽  
Edinalva Oliveira ◽  
Rudhy Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Trophic State Index ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Physical Chemical

ABSTRACT The Passaúna catchment is part of the Upper Iguaçu watershed and includes a water supply reservoir for over 500,000 inhabitants of Curitiba metropolitan region. The aim of this study was to establish the state of reservoir water quality, and whether it has undergone any recent medium- and long-term variations. A physical-chemical-biological assessment was undertaken using nine indicators and three indexes: Water Quality Index (WQI), Trophic State Index (TSI) and Shannon-Weaver Index (H’) for macroinvertebrate diversity. Compliance with the prescribed quality standards for the water body was verified using frequency curves. Two WQI calculation approaches were contrasted to test for conditions of partial data unavailability. Temporal trends in key parameters were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. WQI results from 1991-2014 indicated that the water quality may be classified as good and improved in the final decade of such period, while most TSI results were in the oligotrophic/mesotrophic range, but with no significant temporal trend. The biodiversity result of H’=1.6 obtained with data acquired in 2014 indicated a moderately degraded ecosystem that is typically associated with flow regulation and a degree of water quality impairment. Such a multi-indicator integrated physical-chemical-biological monitoring approach comprised a robust framework for assessments of medium-long term aquatic health.

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