Changes in RR Series Characteristics During Atrial Fibrillation: An AV Node Simulation Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Plappert ◽  
Mikael Wallman ◽  
Pyotr Platonov ◽  
Frida Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Av Node

Reentrant excitation as a cause of cardiac arrhythmias

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. H1-H17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Wit ◽  
P. F. Cranefield
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Atrial Arrhythmias ◽  
Ventricular Muscle ◽  
Av Node ◽  
Reentrant Excitation ◽  
Longitudinal Dissociation

Mechanisms that cause reentry were defined in rings of tissue cut from jellyfish as early as 1906 by Mayer. The concepts were developed by Mines and Garrey during the next 10 years. Lewis then tried to demonstrate that reentry caused atrial flutter. Lewis, Garrey, and later Moe also proposed that atrial fibrillation was caused by reentry. Rosenblueth provided additional experimental evidence that reentry could cause atrial arrhythmias after crushing the intercaval bridge of atrial muscle. Recent studies by Allessie using microelectrodes have provided detailed evidence for reentry in atrial tissue. Mines in 1913 also proposed that reentry could occur in the AV node. Scherf then introduced the concept of functional longitudinal dissociation as a cause of return extrasystoles and this was later shown to happen in the node by Moe and his colleagues. Reentry can also occur between atria and ventricles utilizing accessory connecting pathways. Schmitt and Erlanger in 1913 were the first to do experiments which indicated that reentry can also occur in the ventricles. Subsequently it was shown that reentry can occur in Purkinje fiber bundles. Reentry in ventricular muscle may also cause some of the arrhythmias that occur after myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals P797Effect of sodium channel blockade on the 3-dimensional substrate of atrial fibrillation: a simulation study

EP Europace ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i142-i142
Author(s):  
A Gharaviri ◽  
M Potse ◽  
R Krause ◽  
A Auricchio ◽  
U Schotten
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sodium Channel ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
3 Dimensional

scholarly journals Chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular node ablation and pacemakers

EP Europace ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. McComb ◽  
G. M. Gribbin
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Chronic Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Atrial Arrhythmias ◽  
Av Node ◽  
Surface Ecg ◽  
History Of ◽  
Atrial Rhythm

Abstract Aims This study examined the factors associated with the development of chronic (or permanent) atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients who had undergone atrioventricular (AV) node ablation with permanent pacing because of paroxysmal AF. Methods A retrospective review of case notes of all 65 consecutive patients identified as having had paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias, AV node ablation and permanent pacemaker implantation was performed. Atrial rhythm was established from all pacing records and from the surface ECG. Treatment with anti-arrhythmic drugs and with warfarin was recorded. A multivariate analysis was undertaken, using atrial rhythm on final ECG and chronic AF as outcome measures. Results During a mean follow-up of 30 months, 42% of patients with paroxysmal AF had developed chronic AF. Multivariate analysis showed that increasing age, history of electrical cardioversion and VVI pacing all contributed to the development of chronic AF. 25/62 patients were taking warfarin, and four had had strokes (2·5%/year). Conclusions The majority of patients with paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias treated with AV node ablation and pacing develop chronic AF eventually. Stroke remains a risk, particularly in those who develop chronic AF.

scholarly journals Characterization of Electrograms from Multipolar Diagnostic Catheters during Atrial Fibrillation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanth Ganesan ◽  
Elizabeth M. Cherry ◽  
Arkady M. Pertsov ◽  
Behnaz Ghoraani
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Conduction Delay ◽  
Ablation Procedure ◽  
Endocardial Surface ◽  
Diagnostic Catheter

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in USA with more than 2.3 million people affected annually. Catheter ablation procedure is a method for treatment of AF, which involves 3D electroanatomic mapping of the patient's left atrium (LA) by maneuvering a conventional multipolar diagnostic catheter (MPDC) along the LA endocardial surface after which pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is performed, thus eliminating the AF triggers originating from the PVs. However, it remains unclear how to effectively utilize the information provided by the MPDC to locate the AF-sustaining sites, known as sustained rotor-like activities (RotAs). In this study, we use computer modeling to investigate the variations in the characteristics of the MPDC electrograms, namely, total conduction delay (TCD) and average cycle length (CL), as the MPDC moves towards a RotA source. Subsequently, a study with a human subject was performed in order to verify the predictions of the simulation study. The conclusions from this study may be used to iteratively direct an MPDC towards RotA sources thus allowing the RotAs to be localized for customized and improved AF ablation.

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