Switzerland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Campbell ◽  
John A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Nation State ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Modern Nation State

This chapter examines how Switzerland managed the 2008 financial crisis. It first provides an overview of Switzerland's transition into a modern nation-state before discussing the institutional factors that crystallize Swiss national identity despite cultural differences, including the country's exposure and vulnerability to outside threats. It then considers Switzerland's thick institutions in relation to federalism and direct democracy as well as the structure of the economy. It also describes the oigins of the 2008 financial crisis and Switzerland's response to it in the form of bailouts for banks, including UBS and Credit Suisse. It shows that despite the closed and insulated nature of crisis management, Swiss technocrats managing the crisis were not averse to consulting with outside experts.

Denmark

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Campbell ◽  
John A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Nation State ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
National Question ◽  
Social Partnerships ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

This chapter examines Denmark's response to the 2008 financial crisis. It first provides an overview of four legacies of Danish history that created modern Denmark: Lutheranism, statism, the solution of the national question, and the construction of layered homogeneity. It considers how the Reformation of 1536 established Lutheranism as the religion of the Danish monarchy and how Denmark made the transition from empire to nation-state. It then explores Denmark's perceptions of vulnerability as it tries to survive within an increasingly competitive international economy. It shows that Denmark in the early 2000s had a political economy blessed with very thick institutions that were expert-oriented and inclusive and that facilitated negotiation, consensus-making, and social partnerships. The chapter also describes the origins of the 2008 financial crisis and Denmark's response to it in the form of six Bank Packages.

Groundwork

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Campbell ◽  
John A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
National Interest ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
State Action ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Social Partnerships ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
National Solidarity

This book examines the paradox of vulnerability: small nation-states tend to rise to the challenge of the vulnerabilities that they face so as to become inventive and stronger. Focusing on the experiences of Denmark, Ireland, and Switzerland in managing the 2008 financial crisis, the book shows that perceived state vulnerability gives rise to social partnerships that contribute to the building of thick institutions, leading to cooperation, sacrifice, flexibility, and concerted state action in the national interest. The result is resilience—the ability of countries to adapt effectively to new situations and challenges that arise. Furthermore, perceptions of vulnerability facilitate a sense of national identity, which may evolve into a sense of national solidarity. This chapter explains the vulnerabilities of nations and states, the paradox of vulnerability, the distinction between thick and thin institutions, and precursors to the 2008 financial crisis. An appendix describes the book's research methodology.

Mathematics without Apologies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Harris
Keyword(s):  
Number Theory ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Pop Culture ◽  
First Century ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Dinner Party ◽  
Mathematical Life ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Guided Tour

What do pure mathematicians do, and why do they do it? Looking beyond the conventional answers, this book offers an eclectic panorama of the lives and values and hopes and fears of mathematicians in the twenty-first century, assembling material from a startlingly diverse assortment of scholarly, journalistic, and pop culture sources. Drawing on the author's personal experiences as well as the thoughts and opinions of mathematicians from Archimedes and Omar Khayyám to such contemporary giants as Alexander Grothendieck and Robert Langlands, the book reveals the charisma and romance of mathematics as well as its darker side. In this portrait of mathematics as a community united around a set of common intellectual, ethical, and existential challenges, the book touches on a wide variety of questions, such as: Are mathematicians to blame for the 2008 financial crisis? How can we talk about the ideas we were born too soon to understand? And how should you react if you are asked to explain number theory at a dinner party? The book takes readers on an unapologetic guided tour of the mathematical life, from the philosophy and sociology of mathematics to its reflections in film and popular music, with detours through the mathematical and mystical traditions of Russia, India, medieval Islam, the Bronx, and beyond.

Credit Spreads and Regime Shifts: Evidence from the 2008 Financial Crisis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivelina Pavlova ◽  
Ann Marie Hibbert ◽  
Joel R. Barber ◽  
Krishnan Dandapani
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Regime Shifts ◽  
Credit Spreads ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis
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