COMPARATIVE BIOACTIVITY OF  PLANT EXTRACTS AND SYNTHETIC INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS AGAINST Spodoptera litura (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to compare the effects of the leaf extract of Acalypha indica L. (Euphorbiaceae) with synthetic insect growth regulators (IGRs) triflumuron and buprofezin against Spodoptera litura (F.). The experiment was set up as a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments were two concentrations of A. indica extracts 1000 and 2000 ppm, two concentrations of buprofezin 100 and 200 ppm, two concentrations of triflumuron 120 and 240 ppm and control. Each treatment was replicated three times. Second instar larva of S. litura were used for the bioassays. Mortality and biological variables of treated and control larvae were recorded daily. The results indicated that the application of A. indica extracts and synthetic IGRs (buprofezin & triflumuron) significantly caused the S. litura mortality throughout the experimental period. At first, the toxicity of triflumuron on larval S. litura was significantly higher compared to those of buprofezin and Acalypha indica leaf extract. However, at the end of experimental period all treatments caused high mortality on S. litura, and those all were significantly different from control. The treatments also caused abnorrmal growth in larval, pupal, and adult stages. While in the control, larvae molted into normal adults. The results indicated that the use of biorational control agents such as synthetic insect growth regulators (IGRs) and those based on naturally derived products such as botanical insecticides show promise as a potential tool in S. litura management programs.

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Synergistic effect of a fungicide containing polyoxin B with insect growth regulators (IGRs) in the killing of common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Applied Entomology and Zoology ◽

10.1303/aez.2008.167 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 167-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Toru Arakawa

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Spodoptera Litura ◽

Insect Growth Regulators ◽

Insect Growth ◽

Common Cutworm ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

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Seletividade de inseticidas reguladores de crescimento e botânico no parasitismo de três espécies de Trichogramma em ovos de Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

EntomoBrasilis ◽

10.12741/ebrasilis.v10i1.666 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Renata Rodrigues ◽

Luana Isabel Jaras ◽

Alex Sandro Poltronieri ◽

Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽

Maria Aparecida Cassilha Zawadneak

Keyword(s):

Growth Regulators ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Botanical Insecticides ◽

Botanical Insecticide ◽

Severe Damage ◽

Insect Growth Regulators ◽

Insect Growth ◽

Trichogramma Species ◽

Chemical Groups ◽

F1 Generation

Resumo. A mariposa Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) é uma espécie exótica que se tornou praga-chave do morangueiro no Brasil, causando severos danos nas folhas e frutos. Dentre os grupos químicos que são promissores para o controle da praga, pela seletividade aos inimigos naturais e menor toxicidade, destacam-se os inseticidas reguladores de crescimento de insetos e os inseticidas botânicos. Assim, visando contribuir com a elaboração de estratégias de manejo da praga, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar em laboratório o efeito de cinco inseticidas reguladores de crescimento e um botânico sobre o parasitismo e emergência de três espécies de Trichogramma em ovos de D. fovealis. Os inseticidas testados foram formulados a partir de diflubezuron, lufenuron, pyriproxyfen, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide e azadirachtin. Ovos de D. fovealis foram imersos por cinco segundos em uma das caldas químicas e, após 1 hora, oferecidos ao parasitismo de Trichogramma galloi Zucchi, Trichogramma exiguum Pinto & Platner,or Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner. Foi avaliada a ação dos inseticidas sobre o parasitismo e a emergência da geração F1, sendo os produtos classificados quanto a sua toxicidade conforme índices propostos pela IOBC/WPRS. Os inseticidas afetaram de modo distinto o parasitismo e a emergência dos parasitoides, indicando uma tolerância diferenciada entre as três espécies de Trichogramma. Os inseticidas foram classificados como inócuos ou levemente nocivos para as três espécies avaliadas. Entretanto, lufenuron foi moderadamente nocivo para T. galloi, causando a maior redução no parasitismo deste parasitoide.Selectivity of growth regulators and botanical insecticides in the parasitism of three Trichogramma species on eggs of Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)Abstract. Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an exotic moth species which has become a key pest of strawberries in Brazil, causing severe damage in leaves and fruits. Insect growth regulators and botanical insecticides are promising chemical groups to control this pest due to their selectivity to natural enemies and to their lower toxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of five insect growth regulators and one botanical insecticide on the parasitism and emergence of three Trichogramma species on eggs of D. fovealis in the laboratory, in order to develop pest management strategies. The insecticides utilized in the tests were formulated from Diflubenzuron, Lufenuron, Pyriproxyfen, Methoxyfenozide, Tebufenozide, and Azadirachtin. D. fovealis eggs were immersed for five seconds in each of the chemical mixtures and after one-hour were offered to Trichogramma galloi Zucchi, Trichogramma exiguum Pinto & Platner,or Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner for parasitism. The insecticides were tested for their action on the parasitism and emergence of the F1 generation; the chemicals were then classified for their toxicity according to indices proposed by IOBC/WPRS. The insecticides affected parasitism and emergence differently, indicating different tolerances among the three Trichogramma species, and were classified as innocuous or slightly harmful to the three species under evaluation. However, lufenuron was moderately harmful to T. galloi and caused the highest reduction in parasitism by the parasitoid.

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Effects of insect growth regulators on the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura: Rectal prolapse

Journal of Insect Physiology ◽

10.1016/0022-1910(76)90220-1 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 1523-1527 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tsutomu Negishi ◽

Shuya Shimada ◽

Shoji Asano

Keyword(s):

Rectal Prolapse ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Spodoptera Litura ◽

Insect Growth Regulators ◽

Insect Growth ◽

Tobacco Cutworm

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Effects and Control Potential of Insect Growth Regulators with Juvenile Hormone Activity on the Greenbug13

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/66.4.847 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 847-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

S. G. Nassar ◽

G. B. Staal ◽

N. I. Armanious

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Hormone ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Control Potential ◽

Hormone Activity ◽

Insect Growth Regulators ◽

Insect Growth ◽

Juvenile Hormone Activity ◽

And Control

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Synthetic and Natural Insecticides: Gas, Liquid, Gel and Solid Formulations for Stored-Product and Food-Industry Pest Control

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12070590 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 590

Author(s):

Vaclav Stejskal ◽

Tomas Vendl ◽

Radek Aulicky ◽

Christos Athanassiou

Keyword(s):

Pest Control ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Food Industry ◽

Inert Gases ◽

Botanical Insecticides ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Stability Field ◽

Stored Grain ◽

Insect Growth Regulators ◽

Insect Growth

The selective application of insecticides is one of the cornerstones of integrated pest management (IPM) and management strategies for pest resistance to insecticides. The present work provides a comprehensive overview of the traditional and new methods for the application of gas, liquid, gel, and solid physical insecticide formulations to control stored-product and food industry urban pests from the taxa Acarina, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera, and Zygentoma. Various definitions and concepts historically and currently used for various pesticide application formulations and methods are also described. This review demonstrates that new technological advances have sparked renewed research interest in the optimization of conventional methods such as insecticide aerosols, sprays, fumigants, and inert gases. Insect growth regulators/disruptors (IGRs/IGDs) are increasingly employed in baits, aerosols, residual treatments, and as spray-residual protectants for long-term stored-grain protection. Insecticide-impregnated hypoxic multilayer bags have been proven to be one of the most promising low-cost and safe methods for hermetic grain storage in developing countries. Insecticide-impregnated netting and food baits were originally developed for the control of urban/medical pests and have been recognized as an innovative technology for the protection of stored commodities. New biodegradable acaricide gel coatings and nets have been suggested for the protection of ham meat. Tablets and satchels represent a new approach for the application of botanicals. Many emerging technologies can be found in the form of impregnated protective packaging (insect growth regulators/disruptors (IGRs/IGDs), natural repellents), pheromone-based attracticides, electrostatic dust or sprays, nanoparticles, edible artificial sweeteners, hydrogels, inert baits with synthetic attractants, biodegradable encapsulations of active ingredients, and cyanogenic protective grain coatings. Smart pest control technologies based on RNA-based gene silencing compounds incorporated into food baits stand at the forefront of current strategic research. Inert gases and dust (diatomaceous earth) are positive examples of alternatives to synthetic pesticide products, for which methods of application and their integration with other methods have been proposed and implemented in practice. Although many promising laboratory studies have been conducted on the biological activity of natural botanical insecticides, published studies demonstrating their effective industrial field usage in grain stores and food production facilities are scarce. This review shows that the current problems associated with the application of some natural botanical insecticides (e.g., sorption, stability, field efficacy, and smell) to some extent echo problems that were frequently encountered and addressed almost 100 years ago during the transition from ancient to modern classical chemical pest control methods.

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