scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Diffraction caused by Transparent Barriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Vedad
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Scalar Theory ◽  
Wave Particle Duality ◽  
Index Contrast ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Scalar Theory Of Diffraction ◽  
Kirchhoff Integral

In addition to wave-particle duality, the contributions of Kirchhoff-Helmholtz are fundamental to the scalar theory of diffraction. The mathematical results of their formulae help predict the maximum intensity of light at the center of the far-field diffraction pattern that coincides with the optical axis. This study demonstrates, via a series of the single-slit experiments, that the Helmholtz–Kirchhoff integral is invalid for transparent barriers. In fact, the experimental results show that the main factors determining the appearance of the diffraction pattern are the refractive index contrast between the barrier and the medium, including the physical invariance of the medium in response to factors such as temperature and pressure, and the dimensions of the barriers.

The scalar theory of diffraction

2012 ◽  
pp. 198-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Lipson ◽  
Stephen G. Lipson ◽  
Henry Lipson
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Theory ◽  
Scalar Theory Of Diffraction

scholarly journals Particle Nature of Photons, Straight Diffraction Pattern and Curved Diffraction Pattern Emerging in Same Grating Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Wave Particle Duality ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Particle Nature ◽  
Double Slit Experiment ◽  
Slit Experiment ◽  
Double Slit

Abstract The particle nature of the photons was experimentally confirmed. The static straight line diffraction pattern of the normal grating experiments has been shown experimentally. The phenomenon of the dynamic curved diffraction pattern of the grating experiment have been shown in separate experiments. In this article, the new experiments are proposed and performed, which show that the particle nature of the photons, the static straight line diffraction patterns, and the dynamic curved, expanded and inclined diffraction patterns co-exist in the same grating experiment simultaneously. The novel phenomena make the Feynman’s mystery of the normal double slit experiment more mysterious, violate Bohr’s complementarity principle, and provide comprehensive information/data for studying the wave-particle duality and developing new theoretical model.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Aperture Shapes

1983 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Schultz ◽  
T. V. Frazier
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Test System

AbstractThis paper discusses the application of apodization to reflecting telescopes. The diffraction pattern of a telescope, which is the image of a star, can be changed considerably by using different aperture shapes in combination with appropriately shaped occulting masks on the optical axis. Aperture shapes studied were the circular, square, and hexagonal. Polaris (α-UMin) was used as the test system.

scholarly journals Catastrophe theory and caustics of radially symmetric beams

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Kharitonov ◽  
S.G. Volotovsky ◽  
S.N. Khonina
Keyword(s):  
Catastrophe Theory ◽  
Asymptotic Representation ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Curvilinear Coordinate System ◽  
Wave Fronts ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Curvilinear Coordinate ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Kirchhoff Integral

The work is devoted to the study of the caustics of radial beams. Analytical expressions for caustic surfaces of wave fronts created by radially symmetric diffractive optical elements are found. The result is presented in a curvilinear coordinate system consistent with the caustic surface. An asymptotic representation of the Kirchhoff integral near the optical axis is obtained, ensuring the correct calculations in the non-paraxial case.

Surface Roughness Characterization of al Films by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Blanco ◽  
K. Vedam ◽  
P. J. McMarr ◽  
J. M. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Scalar Theory ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Aluminum Films ◽  
Random Rough Surfaces ◽  
Scalar Theory Of Diffraction

ABSTRACTWell characterized rough surfaces of aluminum films have been studied by the nondestructive technique of Spectroscopie Ellipsometry (SE). The roughness of the aluminum specimens had been characterized earlier by Total Integrated Scattering and Stylus Profilometry techniques to obtain numerical estimates of ras roughness and autocovariance lengths. The present SE measurements on these specimens were carried out at a number of angles of incidence in the range 30–80° and at a number of discrete wavelengths in the spectral range 300–650nm. The SE results were then analyzed by the scalar theory of diffraction from random rough surfaces by treating the surface as a simple random rough surface. The results of such analyses of the SE measurements are compared with the results of the earlier characterization techniques.

Diffraction Of A Plane Monochromatic Wave At The Circular Aperture And Circular Disk

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Circular Disk ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
Circular Aperture ◽  
Monochromatic Wave ◽  
Scalar Theory ◽  
Opaque Screen ◽  
Plane Monochromatic Wave ◽  
Incident Plane ◽  
Scalar Theory Of Diffraction

In the framework of the scalar theory of diffraction of normally incident plane monochromatic wave, the intensity distribution of the diffraction field along the axis of an annular hole was found. As particular cases, the diffraction at an opaque circular disk of radius R ب λ (λ is the wavelength) and at a circular aperture in an opaque screen was considered. Accounting for the vector nature of the field of electromagnetic waves led to more correct results, including at large angles of diffraction, i.e. at sufficiently small distances from the screen (smaller and of order R), where the scalar theory, as it is known, not applicable.

Variation locale de l'état lumineux en diffraction itérée de la figure (sin X)/X par un réseau

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (16) ◽  
pp. 1809-1822
Author(s):  
Claude Delisle
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Half Width

The diffraction pattern (sin X)/X is formed in the usual way. If one uses x0 and x1 to represent respectively the slit source and objective planes, the diffraction pattern is formed in the x2 plane. A second objective together with a fine slit grating is placed in the x2 plane. The spacing of the slits of the grating is equal to the half-width of the central part of (sin X)/X. An iterated diffraction pattern is formed in the x3 plane, conjugate of the x1 plane. The local variation of intensity at two particular points of the x3 axis is studied as a function of the position of the slit source along the x0 axis perpendicular to the optical axis. Gratings of 2, 3, 4, …, 10 fine slits are considered.

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