scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN FISKAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA KEPADA PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA: ANALISIS KESEIMBANGAN UMUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wawan Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Impact

The economy cannot be separated from the role of government spending in stimulating the economy. Fiscal policy is government’s tool to intervene in theeconomy, could change for the better economy or even make the economy into a recession. On the other hand, economic activity over the impact of greenhouse gas contribution, so the impact on global climate change. Therefore, a certain sectorspecific fiscal policies have considerable impact in influencing greenhouse gases. This study aims to provide an analysis of fiscal policy scenarios that can affect greenhouse gases, so that could explain what sector-specific fiscal policies that can increase the risk of climate change. This research uses the model of Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) based fiscal policy held by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia named AGEFIS (Applied General Equilibrium Model for Fiscal). The scenario is to decrease fosil fuel subsidy that can produce CO2 emision. The results shows that decreasing fossil fuel subsidies can reduce the CO2 emission, but with high consequences. The consequences are the economic growth seen to fall, household wealth declined and the real consumption levels decrease.

scholarly journals The Competitiveness Issue of the Japanese Economy Under Carbon Pricing: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis of 2050

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-196
Author(s):  
Shiro Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Japanese Economy ◽  
Cge Model ◽  
Small Impact ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Scenarios ◽  
Border Adjustment

Abstract Using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, this paper investigates the impact of carbon regulations on the Japanese economy. We use an 11-sector, 15-region global dynamic CGE model with a time span from 2011 to 2050. We assume that Japan (along with other developed regions) reduces CO2 emissions by 80% by 2050 and analyze the impact on the Japanese economy. In particular, we consider multiple scenarios of CO2 reduction rates in less developed regions and analyze how changes in CO2 reduction in these regions affect Japan. In addition, we also consider multiple scenarios of the use of a border adjustment policy and analyze its impact. Our simulation results are summarized as follows. First, an 80% CO2 reduction in Japan generates large negative impacts on the Japanese economy in terms of both the macroeconomy and individual sectors. Second, changes in the reduction rates in less developed regions have only a small impact on Japan. Third, the use of border adjustment in Japan has a small impact on the GDP and welfare of Japan overall but a large impact on output in the energy intensive sectors. When future climate change policies in Japan are discussed, much attention is usually paid to climate policy in less developed regions. However, the second result of our analysis suggests that climate change policy in less developed regions has only a small impact on Japan. In addition, the third result indicates that the effectiveness of border adjustment is limited.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Fiscal Policy on Income and the Consumption of the Poor Households in Morocco: An Analysis with a Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGEM)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
El Moussaoui Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Karim
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
General Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the effects of the fiscal policy on income and the consumption of the poor households in urban and rural areas. The evaluation of this impact is carried out by the use of a real and static Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGEM) in open economy and with government. The Social Accounting Matrix of the year 2013 is used for the supposed simulations.The results obtained show clearly that 50% direct tax reduction in income for the urban poor households and 100% for the rural ones make it possible to increase significantly the disposable income of these households as well as improving their consumption. On the other hand, the other policies such as exempting the agricultural and food commodities from the indirect tax, combined with 20% increase in this tax for the industrial products and the private services, or the exemption of the agricultural and food products from the customs duties, do not have a positive effect on the income and the consumption of the poor households.

scholarly journals Contribution of natural and anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere from the territory of Russia to global climate change in the 21st century

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
S. N. Denisov ◽  
A. V. Eliseev ◽  
I. I. Mokhov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
The Impact

Obtained the estimates of the contribution of anthropogenic and natural GHG emissions into the atmosphere from the territory of Russia to global climate change under various scenarios of anthropogenic impact in the 21st century. Accounting for changes in climatic conditions can strongly influence the indicators of the impact of various greenhouse gas emissions on the climate system, especially at large time horizons. Moreover, depending on the planning horizon, the role of the natural fluxes of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from terrestrial ecosystems may change. Currently, terrestrial ecosystems in the Russian regions affect global temperature in both directions: absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere contributes to slowing its growth, and emitting CH4 into the atmosphere accelerates warming. The net effect of the natural fluxes of these greenhouse gases from the Russian regions in modern conditions helps to slow down warming. This net effect is increasing in the first half of the 21st century, and after reaching a maximum (depending on the anthropogenic emission scenario) decreases by the end of the century under all the considered anthropogenic impact scenarios due to an increase in natural CH4 emissions and a decrease in CO2 absorption by terrestrial ecosystems.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic and environmental consequences of circular economy measures in a small open economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brusselaers ◽  
K. Breemersch ◽  
T. Geerken ◽  
M. Christis ◽  
B. Lahcen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper investigates the economy-wide impact of the uptake of circular economy (CE) measures for the small open economy (SOE) of Belgium, in particular the impact of fiscal policies in support of lifetime extension through repair activities of household appliances. The impact assessment is completed by means of a computable general equilibrium model as this allows quantification of both the direct and indirect economic and environmental impact of simulated shocks. The results show that different fiscal policy types can steer an economy into a more circular direction. However, depending on the policy type, the impact on the SOE’s macroeconomic structure and level of circularity differs. Furthermore, common claims attributed to a CE (e.g. local job creation or decreased import dependence) can be, but are not always, valid. Hence, policy-makers must prioritize their most important macroeconomic goals and opt for an according fiscal policy. Finally, this paper finds that the CO2 equivalent emissions calculated from a production (or territorial) perspective increase, while they decrease from a consumption perspective. This is explained by the substitution of international activities by local circular activities. This comparative analysis advocates for the consumption approach to assess the CE’s impact on CO2 equivalent emissions.

scholarly journals Impact of fiscal integration on eurozone members (The case of Slovakia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Lukáš Burian ◽  
Eva Muchová
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Cge Model ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Member States ◽  
Asymmetric Shocks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Policy Measures

The eurozone is both a unique project and an unprecedented case in the history of monetary unions. It has the characteristic of a single monetary policy but with sixteen national fiscal policies. The national fiscal policy measures that are aimed at compensating for the absence of a more complete fiscal union have been orientated mainly toward domestic fiscal policy and follow domestic fiscal policy discipline. The aim of the paper is to outline polemical views on fiscal integration, identify potential forms of deeper fiscal integration and simulate its impact on the integration of the Slovak economy using the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The collected evidence shows that either deeper fiscal integration taking the form of transfers or a common European tax would be beneficial for the eurozone Member States. Member States would thus have a tool to address unexpected developments in and asymmetric shocks to the eurozone.

scholarly journals Response of altitudinal vegetation belts of the Tianshan Mountains in northwestern China to climate change during 1989–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu-yu Liu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Cheng-bang An
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Altitudinal Belts ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWithin the mountain altitudinal vegetation belts, the shift of forest tree lines and subalpine steppe belts to high altitudes constitutes an obvious response to global climate change. However, whether or not similar changes occur in steppe belts (low altitude) and nival belts in different areas within mountain systems remain undetermined. It is also unknown if these, responses to climate change are consistent. Here, using Landsat remote sensing images from 1989 to 2015, we obtained the spatial distribution of altitudinal vegetation belts in different periods of the Tianshan Mountains in Northwestern China. We suggest that the responses from different altitudinal vegetation belts to global climate change are different. The changes in the vegetation belts at low altitudes are spatially different. In high-altitude regions (higher than the forest belts), however, the trend of different altitudinal belts is consistent. Specifically, we focused on analyses of the impact of changes in temperature and precipitation on the nival belts, desert steppe belts, and montane steppe belts. The results demonstrated that the temperature in the study area exhibited an increasing trend, and is the main factor of altitudinal vegetation belts change in the Tianshan Mountains. In the context of a significant increase in temperature, the upper limit of the montane steppe in the eastern and central parts will shift to lower altitudes, which may limit the development of local animal husbandry. The montane steppe in the west, however, exhibits the opposite trend, which may augment the carrying capacity of pastures and promote the development of local animal husbandry. The lower limit of the nival belt will further increase in all studied areas, which may lead to an increase in surface runoff in the central and western regions.

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