Modeling the C(o)urse of Privacy-critical Location-based Services – Exposing Dark Side Archetypes of Location Tracking

With the widespread use of smartphones, the use of location-based services (LBS) with smartphones has become an active research issue. The accurate measurement of user location is necessary to provide LBS. While outdoor locations are easily obtained with GPS, indoor location information is difficult to acquire. Previous work on indoor location tracking systems often relied on infrastructures that are influenced by environmental changes and temporal differences. Several studies have proposed infrastructure-less systems that are independent of the surroundings, but these works generally required non-trivial computation time or energy costs. In this paper, we propose an infrastructure-less pedestrian tracking system in indoor environments. The system uses accelerometers and magnetic sensors in smartphones without pre-installed infrastructure. We reduced the cumulative error of location tracking by geo-magnetic observations at corners and spots with magnetic fluctuations. In addition, we developed a robust estimation model that is tolerant to false positives, as well as a mobility model that reflects the characteristics of multiple sensors. Extensive evaluation in a real environment indicates that our system is accurate and cost-effective.

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Child Location Tracking in the US and the UK: Same Technology, Different Social Implications

Surveillance & Society ◽

10.24908/ss.v12i4.4937 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 581-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anne-Marie Oostveen ◽

Asimina Vasalou ◽

Peter Van den Besselaar ◽

Ian Brown

Keyword(s):

Wearable Devices ◽

Location Based Services ◽

Location Tracking ◽

Societal Needs ◽

Cultural Frameworks ◽

The Social ◽

The Us ◽

Widespread Availability ◽

The Uk ◽

Tracking Technology

Real-time location tracking of individualshas become relatively easy with the widespread availability of commercial wearable devices that use geographical positioning information to provide location-based services. One application of this technology is to allow parents to monitor the location of their children. This paper investigates child location tracking technology in the US and the UK and compares its privacy implications. Although overall the price levels and the technical capabilities are the same, we find that the features of the technology are different depending on the social context. This can be attributed to national regulations and law that shape how a technology can be used. These laws and regulations, influenced by cultural frameworks, values, and morality, differ considerably between the countries. Clarifying the expected impacts of technology on the lives of users and other stakeholders in terms of these contextual factors will help to inform public debate about technical possibilities and societal needs.

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Indoor Location Tracking Using Time of Arrival Estimation Method

International Journal of Sensors Wireless Communications and Control ◽

10.2174/2210327909666190409143804 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 290-297

Author(s):

Nandita Sreekumar ◽

Shoney Sebastian

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Network ◽

Sensor Node ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Location Based Services ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Time Of Arrival ◽

Location Tracking ◽

Indoor Location ◽

Mobile Sensor Node ◽

Common Application

Background & Objective: Location-based services enable collection of location-oriented information which finds use in various fields. Methods: With its utility found in so many applications, various localization techniques are adopted to improve these services. One such property of a signal which is used for these estimations is known as ‘Time of Arrival’ property. The ‘Time of Arrival’ property of a signal is the time difference for a signal to go from the transmitter to the receiver. The most common application is to navigate through places, finding or tracking your personal belongings, targeted advertisements by knowing the nearby popular places and various other services like augmented reality gaming among others. Results & Conclusion: Through this paper, we demonstrate a method to track the location of a mobile sensor node using Trilateration algorithm with the help of Time of Arrival (ToA) property of signals. The time of arrival of packets at each node is recorded and data collected from the simulation of a wireless sensor network for this experiment is spread across various distributions to find the optimum statistical inference.

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Crowd-Sourced Mobility Mapping for Location Tracking Using Unlabeled Wi-Fi Simultaneous Localization and Mapping

Mobile Information Systems ◽

10.1155/2015/416197 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mu Zhou ◽

Kunjie Xu ◽

Zengshan Tian ◽

Haibo Wu ◽

Ruikang Shi

Keyword(s):

Simultaneous Localization And Mapping ◽

Location Based Services ◽

Alignment Algorithm ◽

Location Tracking ◽

Crowd Sourcing ◽

Coverage Area ◽

Localization And Mapping ◽

Vision Sensors ◽

Clock Location ◽

Intensive Work

Due to the increasing requirements of the seamless and round-the-clock Location-based services (LBSs), a growing interest in Wi-Fi network aided location tracking is witnessed in the past decade. One of the significant problems of the conventional Wi-Fi location tracking approaches based on received signal strength (RSS) fingerprinting is the time-consuming and labor intensive work involved in location fingerprint calibration. To solve this problem, a novel unlabeled Wi-Fi simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approach is developed to avoid the location fingerprinting and additional inertial or vision sensors. In this approach, an unlabeled mobility map of the coverage area is first constructed by using the crowd-sourcing from a batch of sporadically recorded Wi-Fi RSS sequences based on the spectral cluster assembling. Then, the sequence alignment algorithm is applied to conduct location tracking and mobility map updating. Finally, the effectiveness of this approach is verified by the extensive experiments carried out in a campus-wide area.

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Fungi from the Rhynie chert: a view from the dark side

Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0263593303000324 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 94 (04) ◽

pp. 457 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Keyword(s):

Dark Side ◽

Rhynie Chert

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Analysis of 2D and 3D defects associated with precipitation of Cu in silicon

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008866x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 870-871

Author(s):

P.M. Rice ◽

MJ. Kim ◽

R.W. Carpenter

Keyword(s):

Colony Growth ◽

Dark Field ◽

Dark Side ◽

Silicide Phase ◽

Strain Fields ◽

Near Surface ◽

Unknown Composition ◽

Secondary Precipitates ◽

20 Nm ◽

2D And 3D

Extrinsic gettering of Cu on near-surface dislocations in Si has been the topic of recent investigation. It was shown that the Cu precipitated hetergeneously on dislocations as Cu silicide along with voids, and also with a secondary planar precipitate of unknown composition. Here we report the results of investigations of the sense of the strain fields about the large (~100 nm) silicide precipitates, and further analysis of the small (~10-20 nm) planar precipitates.Numerous dark field images were analyzed in accordance with Ashby and Brown's criteria for determining the sense of the strain fields about precipitates. While the situation is complicated by the presence of dislocations and secondary precipitates, micrographs like those shown in Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) tend to show anomalously wide strain fields with the dark side on the side of negative g, indicating the strain fields about the silicide precipitates are vacancy in nature. This is in conflict with information reported on the η'' phase (the Cu silicide phase presumed to precipitate within the bulk) whose interstitial strain field is considered responsible for the interstitial Si atoms which cause the bounding dislocation to expand during star colony growth.

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