wearable devices
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2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yubo Yan ◽  
Panlong Yang ◽  
Jie Xiong ◽  
Xiang-Yang Li

The global IoT market is experiencing a fast growth with a massive number of IoT/wearable devices deployed around us and even on our bodies. This trend incorporates more users to upload data frequently and timely to the APs. Previous work mainly focus on improving the up-link throughput. However, incorporating more users to transmit concurrently is actually more important than improving the throughout for each individual user, as the IoT devices may not require very high transmission rates but the number of devices is usually large. In the current state-of-the-arts (up-link MU-MIMO), the number of transmissions is either confined to no more than the number of antennas (node-degree-of-freedom, node-DoF) at an AP or clock synchronized with cables between APs to support more concurrent transmissions. However, synchronized APs still incur a very high collaboration overhead, prohibiting its real-life adoption. We thus propose novel schemes to remove the cable-synchronization constraint while still being able to support more concurrent users than the node-DoF limit, and at the same time minimize the collaboration overhead. In this paper, we design, implement, and experimentally evaluate OpenCarrier, the first distributed system to break the user limitation for up-link MU-MIMO networks with coordinated APs. Our experiments demonstrate that OpenCarrier is able to support up to five up-link high-throughput transmissions for MU-MIMO network with 2-antenna APs.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Lavelle ◽  
Meriel Norris ◽  
Julie Flemming ◽  
Jamie Harper ◽  
Joan Bradley ◽  
...  

Multiple wearable devices that purport to measure physical activity are widely available to consumers. While they may support increases in physical activity among people with multiple sclerosis (MS) by providing feedback on their performance, there is little information about the validity and acceptability of these devices. Providing devices that are perceived as inaccurate and difficult to use may have negative consequences for people with MS, rather than supporting participation in physical activity. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the validity and acceptability of commercially available devices for monitoring step-count and activity time among people with MS. Nineteen ambulatory adults with MS [mean (SD) age 52.1 (11.9) years] participated in the study. Step-count was assessed using five commercially available devices (Fitbit Alta, Fitbit Zip, Garmin Vivofit 4, Yamax Digi Walker SW200, and Letscom monitor) and an activPAL3μ while completing nine everyday activities. Step-count was also manually counted. Time in light activity, moderate-to-vigorous activity, and total activity were measured during activities using an Actigraph GT3X accelerometer. Of the 19 participants who completed the validity study, fifteen of these people also wore the five commercially available devices for three consecutive days each, and participated in a semi-structured interview regarding their perception of the acceptability of the monitors. Mean percentage error for step-count ranged from 12.1% for the Yamax SW200 to −112.3% for the Letscom. Mean step-count as manually determined differed to mean step-count measured by the Fitbit Alta (p = 0.002), Garmin vivofit 4 (p < 0.001), Letscom (p < 0.001) and the research standard device, the activPAL3μ (p < 0.001). However, 95% limits of agreement were smallest for the activPAL3μ and largest for the Fitbit Alta. Median percentage error for activity minutes was 52.9% for the Letscom and 100% for the Garmin Vivofit 4 and Fitbit Alta compared to minutes in total activity. Three inductive themes were generated from participant accounts: Interaction with device; The way the device looks and feels; Functionality. In conclusion, commercially available devices demonstrated poor criterion validity when measuring step-count and activity time in people with MS. This negatively affected the acceptability of devices, with perceived inaccuracies causing distrust and frustration. Additional considerations when designing devices for people with MS include an appropriately sized and lit display and ease of attaching and charging devices.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassem Ibrahim ◽  
Roozbeh Jafari

AbstractContinuous monitoring of blood pressure (BP) is essential for the prediction and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Cuffless BP methods based on non-invasive sensors integrated into wearable devices can translate blood pulsatile activity into continuous BP data. However, local blood pulsatile sensors from wearable devices suffer from inaccurate pulsatile activity measurement based on superficial capillaries, large form-factor devices and BP variation with sensor location which degrade the accuracy of BP estimation and the device wearability. This study presents a cuffless BP monitoring method based on a novel bio-impedance (Bio-Z) sensor array built in a flexible wristband with small-form factor that provides a robust blood pulsatile sensing and BP estimation without calibration methods for the sensing location. We use a convolutional neural network (CNN) autoencoder that reconstructs an accurate estimate of the arterial pulse signal independent of sensing location from a group of six Bio-Z sensors within the sensor array. We rely on an Adaptive Boosting regression model which maps the features of the estimated arterial pulse signal to systolic and diastolic BP readings. BP was accurately estimated with average error and correlation coefficient of 0.5 ± 5.0 mmHg and 0.80 for diastolic BP, and 0.2 ± 6.5 mmHg and 0.79 for systolic BP, respectively.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Wenyan Sun ◽  
Jia Chen

Joint injuries cause varying degrees of damage to joint cartilage. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of embedded smart wearable device monitoring in articular cartilage injury and rehabilitation training. This paper studies what an embedded system is and what a smart wearable device is and also introduces the rehabilitation training method of articular cartilage injury. We cited an embedded matching cost algorithm and an improved AD-Census. The joint cartilage damage and rehabilitation training are monitored. Finally, we introduced the types of smart wearable devices and different types of application fields. The results of this paper show that, after an articular cartilage injury, the joint function significantly recovers using the staged exercise rehabilitation training based on embedded smart wearable device monitoring. We concluded that, from 2013 to 2020, smart wearable devices are very promising in the medical field. In 2020, the value will reach 20 million US dollars.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Danfeng Wang

Wearable devices are more and more widely used in the field of smart healthcare. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of contraceptive counseling and education on contraceptive behavior of women after induced abortion. The investigators will explain the situation of this topic to the respondents and select the respondents in strict accordance with the framework requirements of sampling design. All the data are from the induced abortion women in the first-, second-, and third-level hospitals, which reduces the selection bias of the respondents. It is found that the proportion of induced abortion among college students is the highest, reaching 66.03%. This study is helpful to reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancy, induced abortion, and repeated abortion and improve the reproductive health of women.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bube ◽  
Bruno Baruque Zanón ◽  
Ana María Lara Palma ◽  
Heinrich Georg Klocke

BACKGROUND Wearable devices have grown enormously in importance in recent years. While wearables have generally been well studied, they have not yet been discussed in the underwater environment. OBJECTIVE The reason for this systematic review was to systematically search for the wearables for underwater operation used in the scientific literature, to make a comprehensive map of their capabilities and features, and to discuss the general direction of development. METHODS In September 2021, we conducted an extensively search of existing literature in the largest databases using keywords. For this purpose, only articles were used that contained a wearable or device that can be used in diving. Only articles in English were considered, as well as peer-reviewed articles. RESULTS In the 36 relevant studies that were found, four device categories could be identified: safety devices, underwater communication devices, head-up displays and underwater human-computer interaction devices. CONCLUSIONS The possibilities and challenges of the respective technologies were considered and evaluated separately. Underwater communication has the most significant influence on future developments. Another topic that has not received enough attention is human-computer interaction.


10.2196/27418 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e27418
Author(s):  
Lorna Kenny ◽  
Kevin Moore ◽  
Clíona O' Riordan ◽  
Siobhan Fox ◽  
John Barton ◽  
...  

Background Wearable devices can diagnose, monitor, and manage neurological disorders such as Parkinson disease. With a growing number of wearable devices, it is no longer a case of whether a wearable device can measure Parkinson disease motor symptoms, but rather which features suit the user. Concurrent with continued device development, it is important to generate insights on the nuanced needs of the user in the modern era of wearable device capabilities. Objective This study aims to understand the views and needs of people with Parkinson disease regarding wearable devices for disease monitoring and management. Methods This study used a mixed method parallel design, wherein survey and focus groups were concurrently conducted with people living with Parkinson disease in Munster, Ireland. Surveys and focus group schedules were developed with input from people with Parkinson disease. The survey included questions about technology use, wearable device knowledge, and Likert items about potential device features and capabilities. The focus group participants were purposively sampled for variation in age (all were aged >50 years) and sex. The discussions concerned user priorities, perceived benefits of wearable devices, and preferred features. Simple descriptive statistics represented the survey data. The focus groups analyzed common themes using a qualitative thematic approach. The survey and focus group analyses occurred separately, and results were evaluated using a narrative approach. Results Overall, 32 surveys were completed by individuals with Parkinson disease. Four semistructured focus groups were held with 24 people with Parkinson disease. Overall, the participants were positive about wearable devices and their perceived benefits in the management of symptoms, especially those of motor dexterity. Wearable devices should demonstrate clinical usefulness and be user-friendly and comfortable. Participants tended to see wearable devices mainly in providing data for health care professionals rather than providing feedback for themselves, although this was also important. Barriers to use included poor hand function, average technology confidence, and potential costs. It was felt that wearable device design that considered the user would ensure better compliance and adoption. Conclusions Wearable devices that allow remote monitoring and assessment could improve health care access for patients living remotely or are unable to travel. COVID-19 has increased the use of remotely delivered health care; therefore, future integration of technology with health care will be crucial. Wearable device designers should be aware of the variability in Parkinson disease symptoms and the unique needs of users. Special consideration should be given to Parkinson disease–related health barriers and the users’ confidence with technology. In this context, a user-centered design approach that includes people with Parkinson disease in the design of technology will likely be rewarded with improved user engagement and the adoption of and compliance with wearable devices, potentially leading to more accurate disease management, including self-management.


Electronics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Kamel Sultan ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Lateef ◽  
Abdulrahman S. M. Alqadami

Next-generation communication systems and wearable technologies aim to achieve high data rates, low energy consumption, and massive connections because of the extensive increase in the number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) and wearable devices. These devices will be employed for many services such as cellular, environment monitoring, telemedicine, biomedical, and smart traffic, etc. Therefore, it is challenging for the current communication devices to accommodate such a high number of services. This article summarizes the motivation and potential of the 6G communication system and discusses its key features. Afterward, the current state-of-the-art of 5G antenna technology, which includes existing 5G antennas and arrays and 5G wearable antennas, are summarized. The article also described the useful methods and techniques of exiting antenna design works that could mitigate the challenges and concerns of the emerging 5G and 6G applications. The key features and requirements of the wearable antennas for next-generation technology are also presented at the end of the paper.


2022 ◽  
pp. 152808372110569
Author(s):  
Woo-Kyun Jung ◽  
Soo-Min Lee ◽  
Sung-Hoon Ahn ◽  
Juyeon Park

Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease that affects joint cartilage and can cause severe pain and disability. Minor neglected injuries may also result in other diseases that affect daily life. Various attempts have been made to develop wearable auxiliary devices using functional fabrics, but few have simultaneously provided both heat and pressure. Using knitted shape memory alloy (SMA) fabric, a module was manufactured that achieved bending and contraction during operation. An elbow brace that simultaneously provided heat and pressure was developed using this module. Subjective evaluation and measurements of the range of motion (ROM), changes in skin temperature ( T sk ), clothing pressure ( P c), and blood flow ( F b) were conducted on the elbow brace while being worn by 10 participants. The multifunctional elbow brace (MFEB) developed in this study generated pressure and heat that increased T sk and P c, ultimately increasing F b. In addition, the ROM of the elbow joint was increased after actuating the elbow brace. Subjective evaluation of the heat and pressure sensation demonstrated its applicability to the human body. We confirmed that the elbow brace had a positive effect on F b and increased the ROM of the joint. These results show the applicability of smart textiles to the development of various wearable devices.


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