Formulation and validation of a predictive model to correct blood glucose concentrations obtained with a veterinary point-of-care glucometer in hemodiluted and hemoconcentrated canine blood samples

The ‘Dextrostix’-reflectance meter system for blood glucose analysis has been evaluated using a blood glucose reference method. A high degree of concordance between the two methods was obtained when analyses were performed by skilled laboratory staff on venous blood samples containing fluoride, with a 75 s contact time. Skilled laboratory staff performed significantly better than unskilled staff. Capillary blood glucose concentrations correlated poorly with concentrations in venous blood samples taken at the same time as the capillary blood.

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Comparison of a Point-of-Care Glucometer and a Laboratory Autoanalyzer for Measurement of Blood Glucose Concentrations in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica)

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1647/2014-020 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 181-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mahdieh Sadat Mohsenzadeh ◽

Mahdieh Zaeemi ◽

Jamshid Razmyar ◽

Mohammad Azizzadeh

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Columba Livia ◽

Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽

Domestic Pigeons

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Measurement accuracy of two professional-use systems for point-of-care testing of blood glucose

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2019-0549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 445-455

Author(s):

Annette Baumstark ◽

Nina Jendrike ◽

Ulrike Kamecke ◽

Christina Liebing ◽

Stefan Pleus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Laboratory Method ◽

Sample Type ◽

Point Of Care Testing ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Grid Analysis ◽

Error Grid

AbstractBackgroundThe professional-use systems HemoCue® Glucose 201+ (HC201+) and HemoCue® Glucose 201 RT (HC201RT) are widely used for point-of-care testing (POCT) of blood glucose (BG). HC201RT utilizes unit-use microcuvettes which can be stored at room temperature, whereas HC201+ microcuvettes have to be stored at <8 °C. In this study, system accuracy of HC201+ and HC201RT was evaluated using capillary and venous blood samples.MethodsFor each system, two reagent system lots were evaluated within a period of 2 years based on testing procedures of ISO 15197:2013, a standard applicable for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) systems. For each reagent system lot, the investigation was performed by using 100 capillary and 95 to 99 venous blood samples. Comparison measurements were performed with a hexokinase laboratory method. Accuracy criteria of ISO 15197:2013 and POCT12-A3 were applied. In addition, bias was analyzed according to Bland and Altman, and error grid analysis was performed.ResultsWhen measuring capillary samples, both systems fulfilled accuracy requirements of ISO 15197:2013 and POCT12-A3 with the investigated reagent system lots. When measuring venous samples, only HC201+ fulfilled these requirements. Bias between HC201+ and reference measurements was more consistent over venous and capillary samples and microcuvette lots than for HC201RT. Error grid analysis showed that clinical actions might have been different depending on which system was used.ConclusionsIn this study, HC201+ showed a high level of accuracy irrespective of the sample type (capillary or venous). In contrast, HC201RT measurement results were markedly affected by the type of sample.

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Evaluation of portable blood glucose meters using canine and feline pooled blood samples

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.1515/pjvs-2016-0089 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 707-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Mori ◽

H. Oda ◽

E. Onozawa ◽

S. Shono ◽

T. Takahashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Glucose Oxidation ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Grid Analysis ◽

Glucose Meter ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽

Error Grid ◽

Blood Glucose Meter

Abstract This study evaluated the accuracy and reproducibility of a human portable blood glucose meter (PBGM) for canine and feline whole blood. Reference plasma glucose values (RPGV) were concurrently measured using glucose oxidation methods. Fifteen healthy dogs and 6 healthy cats were used for blood sampling. Blood glucose concentrations and hematocrits were adjusted using pooled blood samples for our targeted values. A positive correlation between the PBGM and RPGV was found for both dogs (y = 0.877, x = −24.38, r = 0.9982, n = 73) and cats (y = 1.048, x = −27.06, r = 0.9984, n = 69). Acceptable results were obtained in error grid analysis between PBGM and RPGV in both dogs and cats; 100% of these results were within zones A and B. Following ISO recommendations, a PBGM is considered accurate if 95% of the measurements are within ± 15 mg/dl of the RPGV when the glucose concentration is <100 mg/dl and within ±15% when it is ≥100 mg/dl; however, small numbers of samples were observed inside the acceptable limits for both dogs (11%, 8 of 73 dogs) and cats (39%, 27 of 69 cats). Blood samples with high hematocrits induced lower whole blood glucose values measured by the PBGM than RPGV under hypoglycemic, normoglycemic, and hyperglycemic conditions in both dogs and cats. Therefore, this device is not clinically useful in dogs and cats. New PBGMs which automatically compensate for the hematocrit should be developed in veterinary practice.

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Effects of the Interation of Metformin and Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter Leaf) On Steptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.9734/ajbgmb/2018/v1i227494 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

A. T. Oluwayemi ◽

E. O. Nwachuku ◽

B. Holy

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Vernonia Amygdalina ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Males And Females ◽

Blood Glucose Concentrations

The effects of Vernonia amygdalina and metformin in lowering glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. A total of 120 Wistar albino males and females rats weighing approximately 200 g were used for the study. Diabetes was induced in the rats using 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin, and it was confirmed by checking the glucose levels of the rats. Rats with glucose level greater than 10 mmol/L were considered diabetic. The extract, metformin and a combination of the extract and metformin were given orally to different groups of diabetic rats daily for 10 weeks. Four rats were sacrificed every 2 weeks, and blood samples were collected from all the groups to estimate glucose, total protein and liver enzymes. The data obtained were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the differences between groups were established using Dunnets. The extract and metformin produced significant (P<0.05) decrease in plasma glucose concentrations in the diabetic rats. There was also a reduction in the plasma glucose of the rats that received a combination of the extract and metformin. The decrease in the blood glucose concentrations of the diabetic rats following the administration of the extract suggests that it possesses hypoglycemic effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The presence of flavonoids, saponins and other phytochemicals in the extract must have acted to potentiate the hypoglycemic role of the extract.

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Are 3 minutes good enough for obtaining baseline physiological samples from teleost fish?

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/cjz-2017-0093 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (7) ◽

pp. 774-786 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Michael J. Lawrence ◽

Sofia Jain-Schlaepfer ◽

Aaron J. Zolderdo ◽

Dirk A. Algera ◽

Kathleen M. Gilmour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Plasma Cortisol ◽

Time Course ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Teleost Fishes ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Baseline Values ◽

Multiple Metrics ◽

Blood Glucose Concentrations

A prerequisite to studying the physiological status of wild animals is the ability to obtain blood samples that reflect the condition prior to capture or handling. Based on research in avian taxa, it is recommended that such samples be obtained within 3 min of capture; however, this guideline has not been validated in wild teleosts. The present study addresses the time course of physiological changes in a number of blood metrics across six species of freshwater fish. Fishes were caught using a standardized angling protocol and held in a water-filled trough prior to the collection of a blood sample, via caudal phlebotomy, between 0.5 and 11 min after capture. Changes in whole-blood glucose and lactate concentrations, hematocrit, and plasma cortisol concentrations were assessed. Change-point analyses indicated that blood lactate concentrations and hematocrit did not deviate from baseline values until ∼2–5 min of handling for all species, whereas blood glucose concentrations generally did not deviate significantly from baseline over the 11 min test period. In all species, plasma cortisol concentrations began to increase above baseline between ∼4 and 8 min after capture. Thus, to ensure that blood samples are representative of baseline conditions across multiple metrics, we recommend that sampling be limited to less than 2 min in teleost fishes.

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A Comparison of Venous versus Capillary Blood Samples when Measuring Blood Glucose Using a Point-of-Care, Capillary-Based Glucometer

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x19004850 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (05) ◽

pp. 506-509

Author(s):

Jessica Topping ◽

Matthew Reardon ◽

Jake Coleman ◽

Brian Hunter ◽

Haruka Shojima-Perera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Research Question ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Needle Stick Injury ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Venous Sample

AbstractBackground:Blood glucose level (BGL) is routinely assessed by paramedics in the out-of-hospital setting. Most commonly, BGL is measured using a blood sample of capillary origin analyzed by a hand-held, point-of-care glucometer. In some clinical circumstances, the capillary sample may be replaced by blood of venous origin. Given most point-of-care glucometers are engineered to analyze capillary blood samples, the use of venous blood instead of capillary may lead to inaccurate or misleading measurements.Hypothesis/Problem:The aim of this prospective study was to compare mean difference in BGL between venous and capillary blood from healthy volunteers when measured using a capillary-based, hand-held, point-of-care glucometer.Methods:Using a prospective observational comparison design, 36 healthy participants provided paired samples of blood, one venous and the other capillary, taken near simultaneously. The BGL values were similar between the two groups. The capillary group had a range of 4.3mmol/l, with the lowest value being 4.4mmol/l and 8.7mmol/l the highest. The venous group had a range of 2.7mmol/l, with the lowest value being 4.1mmol/l and 7.0mmol/l the highest.For the primary research question, the mean BGL for the venous sample group was 5.3mmol/l (SD = 0.6), compared to 5.6mmol/l (SD = 0.8) for the capillary group. This represented a statistically significant difference of 0.3mmol/l (P = .04), but it did not reach the a priori established point of clinical significance (1.0mmol/l). Pearson’s correlation coefficient for capillary versus venous indicated moderate correlation (r = 0.42).Conclusion:In healthy, non-fasted people in a non-clinical setting, a statistically significant, but not clinically significant, difference was found between venous- and capillary-derived BGL when measured using a point-of-care, capillary-based glucometer. Correlation between the two was moderate. In this context, using venous samples in a capillary-based glucometer is reasonable providing the venous sample can be gathered without exposure of the clinician to risk of needle-stick injury. In clinical settings where physiological derangement or acute illness is present, capillary sampling would remain the optimal approach.

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