scholarly journals Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation in Plant Physiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Rana Nassour ◽  
Abdulkarim Ayash
Keyword(s):  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physiological Reactions ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Abstract Over the past few decades, anthropogenic activities contributed to the depletion of the ozone layer, which increased the levels of solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the Earth`s surface. Generally, UV-B is harmful to all living organisms. It damages the cell`s Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, and lipids, and as a consequence, it affects the bio-membranes negatively. In this review, we summarize the major effects of UV-B in the plant`s main molecules and physiological reactions, in addition to the possible defence mechanisms against UV-B including accumulating UV-B absorbing pigments to alleviate the harmful impact of UV-B.

Changes in grapevine DNA methylation and polyphenols content induced by solar ultraviolet-B radiation, water deficit and abscisic acid spray treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Marfil ◽  
Verónica Ibañez ◽  
Rodrigo Alonso ◽  
Anabella Varela ◽  
Rubén Bottini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Solar ultraviolet-B radiation and aquatic primary production: damage, protection, and recovery

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warwick F. Vincent ◽  
Suzanne Roy
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

The continuing degradation of the Earth's ozone layer by atmospheric pollutants has generated concern about the impact of increased solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) on aquatic ecosystems. UV-B is a small (less than 1% of total energy) but highly active component of the solar spectrum that can penetrate to biologically significant depths in lakes and oceans. It has the potential to cause wide-ranging effects, including mutagenesis, chronic depression of key physiological processes, and acute physiological stress that may result in death. There are major uncertainties at present about the appropriate time scales and bioassay protocols for assessing such effects. Algal and cyanobacterial cells have four lines of defence against the toxic effects of UV-B. Some species avoid UV exposure by their choice of habitat or by migration strategies. Many species produce sunscreening pigments that filter out UV wavelengths; mycosporine-like amino acids are an especially important and ubiquitous class of such compounds. Most cells have a variety of defences against the toxic end products of UV radiation, such as radical scavenging by carotenoid pigments and superoxide dismutase. Finally, most cells have at least some ability to identify and repair the UV damage of DNA and other biomolecules. There is a large interspecific variability in the extent of each of these defence strategies. Continuing ozone depletion is not likely to cause an abrupt collapse of photosynthetic production, but may result in subtle, community-level responses that could ultimately impact on higher trophic levels.Key words: Arctic, Antarctic, photosynthesis, UV radiation, UV-B, ozone, atmospheric pollutants.

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