scholarly journals Effect of Parity on Claw Horn Lesions in Holstein Dairy Cows: Clinical and Radiological Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Fiore ◽  
Laura Perillo ◽  
Giorgio Marchesini ◽  
Giuseppe Piccione ◽  
Elisabetta Giudice ◽  
...  

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the effect of parity on claw lesions prevalence in Holstein dairy cows through clinical and radiological observations. Ninety-seven cows were examined two months after calving to record body condition score, locomotion score, feet diagnostic imaging (X-ray), hoof trimming and clinical evaluation. According to the lactation, the cows were divided into three groups: first parity (Group 1, n=40), second parity (Group 2, n= 29) and third or more parity (Group 3, n=28). Several claw lesions were found. One-way analysis of variance was applied along with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Significant effect of groups was evidenced on radiographic images. In particular, the radiographic images showed a significant increase of osteolysis from Group 1 to Group 3. The application of Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a significantly positive correlation between locomotion score and some claw lesions in all groups. In conclusion, this study provides an overview of claw lesions in dairy cow through clinical and radiological observations.

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIZ ERNANDES KOZICKI ◽  
ROMILDO ROMUALDO WEISS

O propósito da presente pesquisa foi o de estudar a indução do estro após o período puerperal em vacas de leite Holstein. Um grupo de 50 vacas da raça Holstein, oriundas da região de Curitiba, foi utilizado neste experimento. Para tanto, esses animais foram divididos em três grupos. No 50o dia após o parto, Cloprostenol, Gonadorelina = GnRH = e soro fisiológico foram administrados por injeção intramuscular na seguinte ordem: ao grupo 1 (n = 24), 0.5 mgde Cloprostenol, ao grupo 2 (n = 14), 250 g de GnRH, e ao grupo 3 (n = 12) - grupo controle - 5 ml de soro fisiológico. Palpação retal foi levada a efeito em todos os animais no 42o/ 43o, no 50o = dia da administração das substãncias em estudo = e no 57o e no 64o dias post partum, a fim de conhecer as condições do útero e das funções ovarianas. Verificou-se que o Cloprostenol induz o estro more rapidamente do que o GnRH ou o placebo (p < 0.01). O índice de prenhez após a primeira e a segunda inseminações artificiais, quando sob a ação do Cloprostenol (84.5%) foi superior àquele que ocorreu com o GnRH (75%) ou com o placebo (67%), neste caso no grupo controle. O intervalo parto/prenhez no grupo do Cloprostenol foi menor (89 dias) doque no caso do GnRH (127.1 dias) ou do grupo controle (108.8 days). O número de animais que não responderam aos diferentes tratamentos foi menor no caso do grupo do Cloprostenol. Por outro lado o tratamento com GnRH mostrou-se mais eficiente (p < 0.05) do que o grupo controle com respeito à indução ao estro (18.6 e 43.5 dias, respectivamente). Os grupos do GnRH e do Cloprostenol revelaram índices maiores de estro silencioso (33.3 e 28.5%, respectivamente), diferente do que ocorreu com o grupo controle (16.6 %) (p < 0.05). Abstract The purpose of the present research work was to study estrus’ induction after the puerperal period in Holstein dairy cows. A herd of 50 Holstein dairy cows from the Curitiba’s region were used in this experiment. They were divided in three groups. At the 50th day post partum, Cloprostenol, Gonadorelin = GnRH = and saline solution were administered by intramuscular injection to group 1 (n = 24), 0.5 mg of Cloprostenol, to group 2 (n = 14), 250 g of GnRH, and to group 3 (n = 12), 5 ml of saline as placebo. Rectal palpation was performed in all animals on the 42/43rd, the 50th = the day of the intramuscular injection = and on the 57th and 64th day post partum, in order to know the uterus condition and the ovary’s functions. It has been found that Cloprostenol induces cow’s estrus more quickly than GnRH or the placebo (p < 0.01). The rate of pregnancy after the 1st and the 2nd artificial insemination, under Cloprostenol effect (84.5%) was greater than under GnRH (75%) or the placebo (67%) at the control group. The parturition/pregnancy interval in the Cloprostenol group was smaller (89 days) than in the GnRH (127.1 days) or in the control (108.8 days) groups. The number of animals that did not respond to the treatment was smaller in the Cloprostenol group. On the other hand, the GnRH group was more efficient (p < 0.05) than the control group on the estrus’ induction (18.6 versus 43.5 days, respectively). The GnRH and the Cloprostenol groups displayed higher rates of silent estrus (33.3 and 28.5%, respectively) than the control group (16.6 %) (p < 0.05).


Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Daniela Platošová ◽  
Jiří Rusín ◽  
Jan Platoš ◽  
Kateřina Smutná ◽  
Roman Buryjan

The paper presents the results of a laboratory experiment of mesophilic single-stage anaerobic digestion performed to verify the possibility of early detection of process instability and reactor overload by evaluating the course of dissolved hydrogen concentration of the main intermediate. The digestion process was run in a Terrafors IS rotary drum bioreactor for 230 days. The substrate dosed on weekdays was food leftovers from the university canteen. At an average temperature of 37 °C, an organic loading of volatiles of 0.858 kg m−3 day−1 and a theoretical retention time of 259 days, biogas production of 0.617 Nm3 kg VS−1 was achieved with a CH4 content of 51.7 vol. %. The values of the established FOS/TAC stability indicator ranged from 0.26 to 11.4. The highest value was reached when the reactor was overloaded. The dissolved hydrogen concentration measured by the amperometric microsensor ranged from 0.039–0.425 mg dm−3. Data were statistically processed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The correlation of the hydrogen concentration with other parameters such as the concentration of organic acids was evaluated. The value of Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.331 and corresponded to a p-value of 0. The results confirmed a very low limit of the hydrogen concentration at which the microbial culture, especially methanogens, was already overloaded. The amperometric microsensor proved to be rather unsuitable for operational applications due to insufficient sensitivity and short service life. The newly designed ratio of dissolved hydrogen concentration to neutralizing capacity was tested but did not work significantly better than the established FOS/TAC stability indicator.


Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
F. Magnifica ◽  
F. Colagrossi ◽  
A. Aloisi ◽  
S. Politi ◽  
A. Peretti ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Almost 25%of workers in the European Union suffer from back pain, and 23%complain of muscle pain. Sixty-two percent of workers carry out repetitive operations with their hands or arms, 46%work in painful or tired positions and 35%carry or handle loads. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Italian version of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ-I). METHODS: Translation and cultural adaptation procedures followed international guidelines. Participants were recruited from among the personnel components of the Italian Air Force, who were between 18 and 65 years old. Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to assess internal consistency and stability, respectively. The CDMQ-I was administered together with the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), and the validity was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. RESULTS: All CDMQ-I items were either identical or similar in meaning to the original version’s items. The scale was administered twice with a retest after seven to 10 days to 66 participants. Cronbach’s alpha was higher than 0.761, and the ICC ranged between 0.737 and 0.952. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed positive and significant correlations (p >  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The study produced an Italian version of the CMDQ with good reliability and validity. This scale is a useful tool to investigate the frequency and intensity of musculoskeletal disorders in various categories of workers.


2018 ◽  
Vol 184 (7) ◽  
pp. 220-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Volkmann ◽  
Jenny Stracke ◽  
Nicole Kemper

The aim of the presented study was to validate a three-point locomotion score (LS) classifying lameness in dairy cows. Therefore, locomotion of 144 cows was scored and data on claw lesions were collected during hoof trimming. Based on latter data a cluster analysis was performed to objectively classify cows into three groups (Cluster 1–3). Finally, the congruence between scoring system and clustering was tested using Krippendorff’s α reliability. In total, 63 cows (43.7 per cent) were classified as non-lame (LS1), 38 (26.4 per cent) were rated as LS2 with an uneven gait and 43 (29.9 per cent) cows were ranked as clearly lame (LS3). In comparison, hoof-trimming data revealed 64 cows (44.4 per cent) to show no diagnosis, 37 (25.7 per cent) one diagnosis, 33 animals (22.9 per cent) two diagnoses and 10 (7.0 per cent) more than two. Comparing the respective categorisation received by either the cluster analysis or LS in between groups, a high correspondence (79.4 per cent and 83.7 per cent) could be found for LS1 and cluster 1 as well as for LS3 and cluster 3. Only LS2 had partial agreement (21.1 per cent) to cluster 2. However, Krippendorff’s α was 0.75 (95 per cent CI 0.68 to 0.81), indicating a good degree of reliability. Therefore, the results of this study suggested that the presented LS is suitable for classifying the cows’ state of lameness representing their claw diseases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Emilio Viktorov Mateev ◽  
Iva Valkova ◽  
Maya Georgieva ◽  
Alexander Zlatkov

Recently, the application of molecular docking is drastically increasing due to the rapid growth of resolved crystallographic receptors with co-crystallized ligands. However, the inability of docking softwares to correctly score the occurred interactions between ligands and receptors is still a relevant issue. This study examined the Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the experimental monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitory activity of 44 novel coumarins and the obtained GOLD 5.3 docking scores. Subsequently, optimization of the docking protocol was carried out to achieve the best possible pairwise correlation. Numerous modifications in the docking settings such as alteration in the scoring functions, size of the grid space, presence of active waters, and side-chain flexibility were conducted. Furthermore, ensemble docking simulations into two superimposed complexes were performed. The model was validated with a test set. A significant Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.8217 was obtained for the latter. In the final stage of our work, we observed the major interactions between the top-scored ligands and the active site of 1S3B.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
A. Kharchenko ◽  
A. Yelinska

The work involved a molecular biological technique (ISSR-PCR) using ISSR-primer S-2, with structure (AGC) 6G. Changes in the gastric mucosa in chronic duodenal ulcer disease against the background of severe chronic atrophic gastritis have been analyzed. Noteworthy is the fact that there is a strong correlation between the degree of dysplasia of the epithelium of the gastric mucosa and the mitotic index, the Pearson's correlation coefficient rxy was 0.853, respectively. A strong and very strong correlation relationship between the indicators of the degree of dysplasia of the epithelium of the gastric mucosa by phenotypic characteristics and indicators of DNA typing of samples of the gastric mucosa, the Pearson's correlation coefficient rxy was 0.863, respectively. DNA profiles of the gastric mucosa of patients with duodenal ulcer according to the results of typing by the ISSR-PCR method ranging from 520 to 620 bp. had the character of microsatellite expansions and differed from the profile of the norm, which is evidence of precancerous changes.


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