Terörizm Olgusuna Schrödinger’in Kedisi Olarak Bakmak

A partial agreement has been reached on the definitions of terror and terrorism in the literature. Despite this, incompatibilities on the concepts of terrorist and terrorist organization continue. The points of disagreement in the definition of these concepts will continue. This article aims to reveal that the definitions of terrorism cannot be the same even if they converge, through general relativity theory from the perspective of reality of critical realism. The study argues that the phenomenon of terrorism can be defined with an ontological approach. In this direction, the study aims to contribute to the unity of science and literature in order to establish a partnership in the definition of terrorism.

An Artificial Intelligence Tool for Image Simulation in Rhinoplasty

During rhinoplasty consultations, surgeons typically create a computer simulation of the expected result. An artificial intelligence model (AIM) can learn a surgeon's style and criteria and generate the simulation automatically. The objective of this study is to determine if an AIM is capable of imitating a surgeon's criteria to generate simulated images of an aesthetic rhinoplasty surgery. This is a cross-sectional survey study of resident and specialist doctors in otolaryngology conducted in the month of November 2019 during a rhinoplasty conference. Sequential images of rhinoplasty simulations created by a surgeon and by an AIM were shown at random. Participants used a seven-point Likert scale to evaluate their level of agreement with the simulation images they were shown, with 1 indicating total disagreement and 7 total agreement. Ninety-seven of 122 doctors agreed to participate in the survey. The median level of agreement between the participant and the surgeon was 6 (interquartile range or IQR 5–7); between the participant and the AIM it was 5 (IQR 4–6), p-value < 0.0001. The evaluators were in total or partial agreement with the results of the AIM's simulation 68.4% of the time (95% confidence interval or CI 64.9–71.7). They were in total or partial agreement with the surgeon's simulation 77.3% of the time (95% CI 74.2–80.3). An AIM can emulate a surgeon's aesthetic criteria to generate a computer-simulated image of rhinoplasty. This can allow patients to have a realistic approximation of the possible results of a rhinoplasty ahead of an in-person consultation. The level of evidence of the study is 4.

Frequency of Participation in a Return-to-Work Program Predicts Successful Work Restoration but Not Maintenance

Several predictors for work restoration and maintenance of restoration have been examined among employees with mood and/or anxiety disorders, but whether frequency of participation in a return-to-work (RTW) program can predict successful work restoration and maintenance remains unclear. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the hypothesis that the frequency of RTW program participation can predict successful work restoration and maintenance. Among seventy-seven patients attending an RTW program, the frequency of participation was positively associated with work restoration but not with maintenance. The result was in partial agreement (restoration) and partial disagreement (maintenance of restoration) with our hypothesis. Thus, the present study suggests that the frequency of participation in an RTW program can predict successful work restoration but not maintenance.

Accurate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys require robust multi-antigen assays

There is a plethora of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) serological tests based either on nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), S1-subunit of spike glycoprotein (S1) or receptor binding domain (RBD). Although these single-antigen based tests demonstrate high clinical performance, there is growing evidence regarding their limitations in epidemiological serosurveys. To address this, we developed a Luminex-based multiplex immunoassay that detects total antibodies (IgG/IgM/IgA) against the N, S1 and RBD antigens and used it to compare antibody responses in 1225 blood donors across Greece. Seroprevalence based on single-antigen readouts was strongly influenced by both the antigen type and cut-off value and ranged widely [0.8% (95% CI 0.4–1.5%)–7.5% (95% CI 6.0–8.9%)]. A multi-antigen approach requiring partial agreement between RBD and N or S1 readouts (RBD&N|S1 rule) was less affected by cut-off selection, resulting in robust seroprevalence estimation [0.6% (95% CI 0.3–1.1%)–1.2% (95% CI 0.7–2.0%)] and accurate identification of seroconverted individuals.

Formic Acid Ionization and Fragmentation by Multiphoton Absorption

Multiphoton absorption is an intensity dependent nonlinear effect related to the excitation of virtual intermediate states. In the present work, multiphoton ionization and dissociation of the formic acid molecule (HCOOH) by the interaction with photons from 532 Nd: YAG laser at different intensities are discussed, using different carrier gases. The induced fragmentation-ionization patterns show up to 17 fragments and dissociation channels are proposed. Some evidence of small clusters formation and conformational memory from the ratio of the detected products, CO+ and CO2+, on the light of the available results, it is possible to conclude that they arise from trans and cis formic acid. Our results are compared with those obtained in other laboratories under different experimental conditions, some of them show only partial agreement and differences are discussed. Following the Keldysh description it is possible, from our experimental parameters, characterize our results, in the multiphoton absorption regime.

The Mini Labyrinth – a Simple Benchmark for Radiation Protection and Shielding Analysis

The Mini Labyrinth experiment is a simple neutron and gamma shielding experiment developed at STU, inspired by the ALARM-CF-AIR-LAB-001 ICSBEP benchmark experiment. The STU Mini Labyrinth is approximately ten times smaller and consists of NEUTRONSTOP shielding blocks. This paper describes the second version of the Mini Labyrinth experiment and presents the results of the neutron and gamma fields simulation and measurement. The PuBe neutron source with the emission rate of 1.0E7 n.s-1 was utilized in the experiment. The measurement of gamma ambient dose equivalent H*(10) and neutron count rates is performed by the Thermo Scientific RadEye portable survey meter. The simulation part was carried out using the state-of-the-art MCNP6 and SCALE6 MONACO stochastic calculation tools taking into account the detailed geometry of the labyrinth and a combined neutron and gamma source of particles. The comparisons were performed between codes and an experiment, based on the dose rate in the unique detection positions and using a 2D map of neutron and photon fluxes. The propagation of cross-section uncertainties was investigated through the shielding analysis. Partial agreement between codes and measurement was achieved, however serious discrepancies near the PuBe source were identified.

Percepção dos preceptores e residentes em anestesiologia em relação ao checklist de cirurgia segura

Este estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção da equipe médica, representada por preceptores e residentes em anestesiologia, sobre o checklist de cirurgia segura. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre dezembro e janeiro de 2019 com 24 profissionais (18 preceptotes e 6 residentes em anestesiologia) que atuavam no Centro Cirúrgico de um Hospital Universitário, localizado no interior de São Paulo. Os resultados evidenciaram que embora os profissionais reconheçam a importância do checklist de cirurgia segura, a maioria referiu adesão parcial ao instrumento. Além disso, verifica-se a necessidade de um novo olhar para o instrumento implantado, visto que a somatória de concordância plena e parcial, relacionadas a falta de dados e a falta de clareza das informações, contidas no checklist de cirurgias seguras, ultrapassaram 50%. Logo, a importância da educação permanente para o desenvolvimento de uma cultura de segurança do paciente e também da compreensão da responsabilidade coletiva.Descritores: Segurança do Paciente, Lista de Verificação, Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios. Perception of preceptors and residents in anesthesiology in relation to safe surgery checklistAbstract: This study aimed to know the perception of the medical team, represented by preceptors and residents in anesthesiology, about the safe surgery checklist. It was a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out between December and January 2019 with 24 professionals (18 precepts and 6 residents in anesthesiology) who worked in the Surgical Center of a University Hospital located in the interior of São Paulo. The results showed that although the professionals recognize the importance of the safe surgery checklist, the majority reported partial adhesion to the instrument. In addition, there is a need for a new look at the implanted instrument, since the sum of full and partial agreement, related to lack of data and lack of clarity of information, contained in the checklist of safe surgeries, surpassed 50% . Therefore, the importance of lifelong education for the development of a culture of patient safety and also the understanding of collective responsibility.Descriptors: Patient Safety, Verification List, Operative Surgical Procedures. Percepción de los preceptores y residentes en anestesiología en relación al checklist de cirugía seguraResumen: Este estudio objetivó conocer la percepción del equipo médico, representada por preceptores y residentes en anestesiología, sobre el checklist de cirugía segura. Se trató de un estudio descriptivo con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado entre diciembre y enero de 2019 con 24 profesionales (18 preceptos y 6 residentes en anestesiología) que actuaban en el Centro Quirúrgico de un Hospital Universitario, ubicado en el interior de São Paulo. Los resultados evidenciaron que aunque los profesionales reconocen la importancia del checklist de cirugía segura, la mayoría refirió adhesión parcial al instrumento. Además, se verifica la necesidad de una nueva mirada al instrumento implantado, ya que la suma de concordancia plena y parcial, relacionadas con la falta de datos y la falta de claridad de las informaciones contenidas en el checklist de cirugías seguras, superaron el 50% . Por lo tanto, la importancia de la educación permanente para el desarrollo de una cultura de seguridad del paciente y también de la comprensión de la responsabilidad colectiva.Descriptores: Seguridad del Paciente, Lista de Comprobación, Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Operativos.

Accurate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys require robust multi-antigen assays

There is a plethora of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) serological tests based either on nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), S1-subunit of spike glycoprotein (S1) or receptor binding domain (RBD). Although these single-antigen based tests demonstrate high clinical performance, there is growing evidence regarding their limitations in epidemiological serosurveys. To address this, we developed a Luminex-based multiplex immunoassay that detects total antibodies (IgG/IgM/IgA) against the N, S1 and RBD antigens and used it to compare antibody responses in 1,225 blood donors across Greece. Seroprevalence based on single-antigen readouts was strongly influenced by both the antigen type and cut-off value and ranged widely [0.8% (95% CI, 0.4-1.5%)-7.5% (95% CI, 6.0-8.9%)]. A multi-antigen approach requiring partial agreement between RBD and N or S1 readouts (RBD&N|S1 rule) was less affected by cut-off selection, resulting in robust seroprevalence estimation [0.6% (95% CI, 0.3-1.1%)-1.2% (95% CI, 0.7-2.0%)] and accurate identification of seroconverted individuals.

Expansion-relevant final but for preference organisation

This article focuses on the utilisation of but in English at turn-final placement regarding provisions for what follows next, where the token is not a display of a traditional sense of content-level contrasts. The production of final buts in this article is a point of expansion relevance and emergent as a means of intersubjectively creating another opportunity space to deal with the ongoing disaffiliation or lack of resources. My observations particularly unpack the contextual properties of final buts. First, a but-turn is designed not strictly to show a partial agreement and back down from the original statement. It can be more plausibly argued that the but-turn indicates which resource of interaction is (or is not) requested at that specific moment to accomplish the ongoing agenda. Second, a projected action of reworking can be formulated in collaborative completion with a co-participant explicating the account to the but-turn.

How Can Pluralistic Organizations Proceed with Strategic Change? A Processual Account of Rhetorical Contestation, Convergence, and Partial Agreement in a Nordic City Organization

This study examines how pluralistic organizations confronting fundamental differences in values can proceed with strategic change. By drawing on a longitudinal case analysis of strategic change in a Nordic city organization, we show how the proponents and challengers play a “rhetorical game” in which they simultaneously promote their own value-based interests and ideas and seek ways to enable change. In particular, we identify a pattern in which the discussion moved from initial contestation through gradual convergence to increasing agreement. In addition, we elaborate on four rhetorical practices used in this rhetorical game: voicing own arguments, appropriation of others’ arguments, consensus argumentation, and collective we argumentation. By so doing, our study contributes to research on strategic change in pluralistic organizations by offering a nuanced account of the use of rhetoric when moving from contestation to convergence and partial agreement. Furthermore, by detailing specific types of rhetorical practices that play a crucial role in strategy making, our study advances research on the role of rhetoric in strategy process and practice research more generally.