scholarly journals Long-term species richness-abundance dynamics in relation to species departures and arrivals in wintering urban bird assemblages

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Suhonen ◽  
Jukka Jokimäki
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Abundance Dynamics ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract Temporal dynamics of local assemblages depend on the species richness and the total abundance of individuals as well as local departure and arrival rates of species. We used urban bird survey data collected from the same 31 study plots and methods during three winters (1991–1992; 1999–2000 and 2009–2010) to analyze the temporal relationship between bird species richness and total number of individuals (abundance). We also evaluated local departures and arrivals of species in each assemblage. In total, 13,812 individuals of 35 species were detected. The temporal variation in bird species richness followed the variation in the total number of individuals. The numbers of local departure and arrival events were similar. Also, the mean number of individuals of the recently arrived species (8.6) was almost the same as the mean number of individuals of the departed species (8.2). Risk of species departure was inversely related to number of individuals. Local species richness increased by one species when the total abundance of individuals increased by around 125 individuals and vice versa. Our results highlight the important role of local population departures and arrivals in determining the local species richness-abundance dynamics in human-dominated landscapes. Local species richness patterns depend on the total number of individuals as well as both the departure-arrival dynamics of individual species as well as the dynamics of all the species together. Our results support the more individuals hypothesis, which suggests that individual-rich assemblages have more species.

Bird assemblages in wildlife habitat strips in a Tasmanian plantation matrix

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. MacDonald ◽  
Robert J. Taylor ◽  
Steven G. Candy
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Linear Forest ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Production Forests

In Tasmania, a system of 100 m wide strips of native forest, referred to as wildlife habitat strips, is retained within production forest, including plantations. Thirty-nine points in 18 wildlife habitat strips within both eucalypt and pine plantations (which were not differentiated for the purposes of the present study) were paired with points in nearby extensive native forest and surveyed for birds. At non-riparian sites (upper slopes and ridges), bird species richness and total abundance were both significantly lower in habitat strips than in controls. This difference is quantitative rather than qualitative, as ordination did not distinguish strip sites and controls, and no species were obviously absent from habitat strips. Riparian zones showed no significant difference in species richness and total abundance between habitat strips and controls. Species richness and total abundance relative to controls increased as wildlife habitat strip length increased over the measured range (0.4-2.1 km). It is thought that this may be because birds perceive strips as linear forest patches rather than corridors, so that there may be a habitat area effect. Other strip characteristics such as width and plantation age were not significant in riparian areas, but may be important on upper slopes and ridges, and the former will affect strip area. Wildlife habitat strips appear to be a valuable component of a conservation programme for birds in production forests in Tasmania.

scholarly journals Birds of the Parque Ecológico Lagoa da Fazenda, Sobral, Ceará state, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2037
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Brasileiro ◽  
Frede Lima-Araujo ◽  
Jamile Aragão Alcântara ◽  
Alano Sousa Martins Pontes ◽  
José André Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Richness Estimators

Natural areas within cities are important as they contribute to maintain biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. In Ceará state, inventories of birds in human-impacted areas are still scarce. Here, we inventory bird species and estimate the species richness at Parque Ecológico Lagoa da Fazenda, an urban park in the municipality of Sobral, in northeastern Brazil. We found 82 bird species, of which 16 breed in the area, three are endemics, and three others are introduced. Despite the moderate species richness detected, richness estimators revealed that sampling was sufficient to detect most species. To maintain or even increase local species richness, we suggest the cessation of urban expansion within the park, sewage dumping, and filling of the wetland, as well as further planting of native vegetation.

scholarly journals Different definitions of species presence to refine estimates of local species richness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ruete ◽  
Tomas Pärt ◽  
Åke Berg ◽  
Jonas Knape ◽  
Debora Arlt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Local Species

Abstract Aim To improve predictions of spatial and temporal patterns of species richness it is important to consider how species presence at a site is defined. This is because this definition affects our estimate of species richness, which should be aligned with the aims of the study, e.g. estimating richness of the breeding community. Here we explore the sensitivity of species richness estimates to criteria for defining presence of species (e.g. in relation to number of days present during the breeding season) at 107 wetlands. Innovation We use opportunistic citizen science data of high density (a total of 151,817 observations of 77 wetland bird species; i.e. about 16 observations per day) to build site-occupancy models calculating occupancy probabilities at a high temporal resolution (e.g. daily occupancies) to derive probabilistic estimates of seasonal site use of each species. We introduce a new way for defining species presence by using different criteria related to the number of days the species are required to be present at local sites. We compared patterns of species richness when using these different criteria of species inclusions. Main conclusion While estimates of local species richness derived from high temporal resolution occupancy models are robust to observational bias, these estimates are sensitive to restrictions concerning the number of days of presence required during the breeding season. Unlike complete local species lists, summaries of seasonal site use and different presence criteria allow identifying differences between sites and amplifying the variability in species richness among sites. Thus, this approach allows filtering out species according to their phenology and migration behaviour (e.g. passer-by species) and could improve the explanatory power of environmental variables on predictive models.

scholarly journals Different definitions of species presence to refine estimates of local species richness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ruete ◽  
Tomas Pärt ◽  
Åke Berg ◽  
Jonas Knape ◽  
Debora Arlt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Local Species

Abstract Aim To improve predictions of spatial and temporal patterns of species richness it is important to consider how species presence at a site is defined. This is because this definition affects our estimate of species richness, which should be aligned with the aims of the study, e.g. estimating richness of the breeding community. Here we explore the sensitivity of species richness estimates to criteria for defining presence of species (e.g. in relation to number of days present during the breeding season) at 107 wetlands. Innovation We use opportunistic citizen science data of high density (a total of 151,817 observations of 77 wetland bird species; i.e. about 16 observations per day) to build site-occupancy models calculating occupancy probabilities at a high temporal resolution (e.g. daily occupancies) to derive probabilistic estimates of seasonal site use of each species. We introduce a new way for defining species presence by using different criteria related to the number of days the species are required to be present at local sites. We compared patterns of species richness when using these different criteria of species inclusions. Main conclusion While estimates of local species richness derived from high temporal resolution occupancy models are robust to observational bias, these estimates are sensitive to restrictions concerning the number of days of presence required during the breeding season. Unlike complete local species lists, summaries of seasonal site use and different presence criteria allow identifying differences between sites and amplifying the variability in species richness among sites. Thus, this approach allows filtering out species according to their phenology and migration behaviour (e.g. passer-by species) and could improve the explanatory power of environmental variables on predictive models.

Functional evenness of bird communities varies along the elevational gradient in Europe: Conservation implications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Yanina
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Functional Evenness

ContextThe negative association between elevation and species richness is a well-recognized pattern in macro-ecology. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in functional evenness of breeding bird communities along an elevation gradient in Europe. MethodsUsing the bird data from the EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds we estimated an index of functional evenness which can be assumed as a measure of the potential resilience of communities.ResultsOur findings confirm the existence of a negative association between elevation and bird species richness in all European eco regions. However, we also explored a novel aspect of this relationship, important for conservation: Our findings provide evidence at large spatial scale of a negative association between the functional evenness (potential community resilience) and elevation, independent of the eco region. We also found that the Natura2000 protected areas covers the territory most in need of protection, those characterized by bird communities with low potential resilience, in hilly and mountainous areas.ConclusionsThese results draw attention to European areas occupied by bird communities characterized by a potential lower capacity to respond to strong ecological changes, and, therefore, potentially more exposed to risks for conservation.

Annual fires reduce local species richness but do not homogenize the composition of savanna woody species

Flora ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 151868
Author(s):  
Karlo G. Guidoni-Martins ◽  
Leandro Maracahipes ◽  
Adriano S. Melo ◽  
Marcus V. Cianciaruso
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species

scholarly journals Patterns of bird species richness explained by annual variation in remotely sensed Dynamic Habitat Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 107774
Author(s):  
Martina L. Hobi ◽  
Laura S. Farwell ◽  
Maxim Dubinin ◽  
Dmitrij Kolesov ◽  
Anna M. Pidgeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Dynamic Habitat

scholarly journals Can clearcuts increase bird species richness in managed forests?

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
M. Żmihorski
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Forest Interior ◽  
Transect Counts ◽  
The Difference

Clearcuts are one of the results of forest management. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of clearcuts on bird communities in a managed forest in Western Poland. I applied the method of point transect counts. 20 points were located near clearcuts (less than 100 m from the nearest clearcut) and 25 points in the forest interior. In total, 36 bird species were recorded. On average, I found 9.20 bird species at points located near clearcuts and 6.72 species at points situated in the forest interior, and the difference was significant. The cumulative number of bird species for a given number of sampling points in the vicinity of clearcuts was higher than in the forest interior. The obtained results indicate that in managed, even-aged forests the generation of clearcuts can lead to an increase in local bird species richness.

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