scholarly journals Birds of the Parque Ecológico Lagoa da Fazenda, Sobral, Ceará state, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2037
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Brasileiro ◽  
Frede Lima-Araujo ◽  
Jamile Aragão Alcântara ◽  
Alano Sousa Martins Pontes ◽  
José André Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Richness Estimators

Natural areas within cities are important as they contribute to maintain biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. In Ceará state, inventories of birds in human-impacted areas are still scarce. Here, we inventory bird species and estimate the species richness at Parque Ecológico Lagoa da Fazenda, an urban park in the municipality of Sobral, in northeastern Brazil. We found 82 bird species, of which 16 breed in the area, three are endemics, and three others are introduced. Despite the moderate species richness detected, richness estimators revealed that sampling was sufficient to detect most species. To maintain or even increase local species richness, we suggest the cessation of urban expansion within the park, sewage dumping, and filling of the wetland, as well as further planting of native vegetation.

scholarly journals Long-term species richness-abundance dynamics in relation to species departures and arrivals in wintering urban bird assemblages

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Suhonen ◽  
Jukka Jokimäki
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Abundance Dynamics ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract Temporal dynamics of local assemblages depend on the species richness and the total abundance of individuals as well as local departure and arrival rates of species. We used urban bird survey data collected from the same 31 study plots and methods during three winters (1991–1992; 1999–2000 and 2009–2010) to analyze the temporal relationship between bird species richness and total number of individuals (abundance). We also evaluated local departures and arrivals of species in each assemblage. In total, 13,812 individuals of 35 species were detected. The temporal variation in bird species richness followed the variation in the total number of individuals. The numbers of local departure and arrival events were similar. Also, the mean number of individuals of the recently arrived species (8.6) was almost the same as the mean number of individuals of the departed species (8.2). Risk of species departure was inversely related to number of individuals. Local species richness increased by one species when the total abundance of individuals increased by around 125 individuals and vice versa. Our results highlight the important role of local population departures and arrivals in determining the local species richness-abundance dynamics in human-dominated landscapes. Local species richness patterns depend on the total number of individuals as well as both the departure-arrival dynamics of individual species as well as the dynamics of all the species together. Our results support the more individuals hypothesis, which suggests that individual-rich assemblages have more species.

scholarly journals Different definitions of species presence to refine estimates of local species richness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ruete ◽  
Tomas Pärt ◽  
Åke Berg ◽  
Jonas Knape ◽  
Debora Arlt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Local Species

Abstract Aim To improve predictions of spatial and temporal patterns of species richness it is important to consider how species presence at a site is defined. This is because this definition affects our estimate of species richness, which should be aligned with the aims of the study, e.g. estimating richness of the breeding community. Here we explore the sensitivity of species richness estimates to criteria for defining presence of species (e.g. in relation to number of days present during the breeding season) at 107 wetlands. Innovation We use opportunistic citizen science data of high density (a total of 151,817 observations of 77 wetland bird species; i.e. about 16 observations per day) to build site-occupancy models calculating occupancy probabilities at a high temporal resolution (e.g. daily occupancies) to derive probabilistic estimates of seasonal site use of each species. We introduce a new way for defining species presence by using different criteria related to the number of days the species are required to be present at local sites. We compared patterns of species richness when using these different criteria of species inclusions. Main conclusion While estimates of local species richness derived from high temporal resolution occupancy models are robust to observational bias, these estimates are sensitive to restrictions concerning the number of days of presence required during the breeding season. Unlike complete local species lists, summaries of seasonal site use and different presence criteria allow identifying differences between sites and amplifying the variability in species richness among sites. Thus, this approach allows filtering out species according to their phenology and migration behaviour (e.g. passer-by species) and could improve the explanatory power of environmental variables on predictive models.

scholarly journals Different definitions of species presence to refine estimates of local species richness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ruete ◽  
Tomas Pärt ◽  
Åke Berg ◽  
Jonas Knape ◽  
Debora Arlt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Local Species

Abstract Aim To improve predictions of spatial and temporal patterns of species richness it is important to consider how species presence at a site is defined. This is because this definition affects our estimate of species richness, which should be aligned with the aims of the study, e.g. estimating richness of the breeding community. Here we explore the sensitivity of species richness estimates to criteria for defining presence of species (e.g. in relation to number of days present during the breeding season) at 107 wetlands. Innovation We use opportunistic citizen science data of high density (a total of 151,817 observations of 77 wetland bird species; i.e. about 16 observations per day) to build site-occupancy models calculating occupancy probabilities at a high temporal resolution (e.g. daily occupancies) to derive probabilistic estimates of seasonal site use of each species. We introduce a new way for defining species presence by using different criteria related to the number of days the species are required to be present at local sites. We compared patterns of species richness when using these different criteria of species inclusions. Main conclusion While estimates of local species richness derived from high temporal resolution occupancy models are robust to observational bias, these estimates are sensitive to restrictions concerning the number of days of presence required during the breeding season. Unlike complete local species lists, summaries of seasonal site use and different presence criteria allow identifying differences between sites and amplifying the variability in species richness among sites. Thus, this approach allows filtering out species according to their phenology and migration behaviour (e.g. passer-by species) and could improve the explanatory power of environmental variables on predictive models.

Annual fires reduce local species richness but do not homogenize the composition of savanna woody species

Flora ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 151868
Author(s):  
Karlo G. Guidoni-Martins ◽  
Leandro Maracahipes ◽  
Adriano S. Melo ◽  
Marcus V. Cianciaruso
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species

scholarly journals Arthropod community structure in pastures of an island archipelago (Azores): looking for local–regional species richness patterns at fine-scales

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A.V. Borges ◽  
V.K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Richness Patterns

AbstractThe arthropod species richness of pastures in three Azorean islands was used to examine the relationship between local and regional species richness over two years. Two groups of arthropods, spiders and sucking insects, representing two functionally different but common groups of pasture invertebrates were investigated. The local–regional species richness relationship was assessed over relatively fine scales: quadrats (= local scale) and within pastures (= regional scale). Mean plot species richness was used as a measure of local species richness (= α diversity) and regional species richness was estimated at the pasture level (= γ diversity) with the ‘first-order-Jackknife’ estimator. Three related issues were addressed: (i) the role of estimated regional species richness and variables operating at the local scale (vegetation structure and diversity) in determining local species richness; (ii) quantification of the relative contributions of α and β diversity to regional diversity using additive partitioning; and (iii) the occurrence of consistent patterns in different years by analysing independently between-year data. Species assemblages of spiders were saturated at the local scale (similar local species richness and increasing β-diversity in richer regions) and were more dependent on vegetational structure than regional species richness. Sucking insect herbivores, by contrast, exhibited a linear relationship between local and regional species richness, consistent with the proportional sampling model. The patterns were consistent between years. These results imply that for spiders local processes are important, with assemblages in a particular patch being constrained by habitat structure. In contrast, for sucking insects, local processes may be insignificant in structuring communities.

Amphibians of the Kayan Mentarang National Park (East Kalimantan, Indonesia): estimating overall and local species richness

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Veith ◽  
S. Wulffraat ◽  
J. Kosuch ◽  
G. Hallmann ◽  
H.-W. Henkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Park ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species

scholarly journals Bird communities in three forest types in the Pernambuco Centre of Endemism, Alagoas, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lahert W. Lobo-Araújo ◽  
Mário T. F. Toledo ◽  
Márcio A. Efe ◽  
Ana C. M. Malhado ◽  
Marcos V. C. Vital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Risk Of Extinction ◽  
Bird Fauna ◽  
Richness Patterns ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

The Pernambuco Center of Endemism (PCE) in northeastern Brazil is highly fragmented and degraded. Despite its potential conservation importance the bird fauna in this area is still relatively unknown and there are many remnant fragments that have not been systematically surveyed. Here, we report the results of bird surveys in five forest fragments (one pioneer, two ombrophilous and two seasonal). In total, 162 taxa were recorded, 12 of which are endemic to the PCE. The frequency of endangered species was lower than what has been reported in studies from the same area and most of the taxa considered to be at risk of extinction were sub-species of uncertain taxonomic validity. The comparatively low number of endemic/threatened species may be due to the small size of the fragments in the present study - a consequence of the high levels of habitat loss in this region. Analysis of species richness patterns indicates that ombrophilous forest fragments are acting as refuges for those bird species that are most sensitive to environmental degradation.

scholarly journals A meta‐analysis of declines in local species richness from human disturbances

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace E. P. Murphy ◽  
Tamara N. Romanuk
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species

scholarly journals Three points of consideration before testing the effect of patch connectivity on local species richness: patch delineation, scaling and variability of metrics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Laroche ◽  
Manon Balbi ◽  
Théophile Grébert ◽  
Franck Jabot ◽  
Frédéric Archaux
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Habitat Amount ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Theory Of Island Biogeography ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Patch Connectivity

AbstractThe Theory of Island Biogeography (TIB) promoted the idea that species richness within sites depends on site connectivity, i.e. its connection with surrounding potential sources of immigrants. TIB has been extended to a wide array of fragmented ecosystems, beyond archipelagoes, surfing on the analogy between habitat patches and islands and on the patch-matrix framework. However, patch connectivity often little contributes to explaining species richness in empirical studies. Before interpreting this trend as questioning the broad applicability of TIB principles, one first needs a clear identification of methods and contexts where strong effects of patch structural connectivity are likely to occur. Here, we use spatially explicit simulations of neutral metacommunities to show that patch connectivity effect on local species richness is maximized under a set of specific conditions: (i) patch delineation should be fine enough to ensure that no dispersal limitation occurs within patches, (ii) patch connectivity indices should be scaled according to target organisms’ dispersal distance and (iii) the habitat amount around sampled sites (within a distance adapted to organisms’ dispersal) should be highly variable. When those three criteria are met, the absence of an effect of connectivity on species richness should be interpreted as contradicting TIB hypotheses

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