Role of Antigen Determinants a and B of AB0 Blood Group System in Human Disease Development (Mini Review)

AbstractABO blood group system discovery was an important step in development of such areas as transplantation and transfusion medicine. At the same time understanding of fundamental role of antigenic determinants in physiological functions maintenance and pathological conditions development remained unexplained for a long time. Today it is known that A and B antigens are widely represented not only on erythrocytes membrane but also on other cells and tissues: platelets, epithelial tissue, oral and spermal fluids. Earlier authors studied metabolic and coagulation profiles, as well as blood cells composition in clinically healthy individuals on more than 180,000 donations, thus revealing group-specific features for each blood group. The review provides synthesis of association of such pathological conditions as coronary heart disease, thromboembolic complications, tumors of various localizations, inflammatory and destructive oral diseases, psychiatric and some infectious diseases with the presence or absence of antigenic determinants A and B. 0 (I) blood group carriers are more resistant to development of diseases, excepting H. pylori-associated gastrointestinal diseases. Carriers of “antigenic” blood groups A (II), B (III), AB (IV) are more susceptible to infections, cardiovascular diseases, and oncological diseases. The data presented may contribute to a personalized patient approach formation, based on antigen-associated biological variability of various signs in norm and pathology.

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BLOOD GROUP AND HUMAN DISEASES (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-4-216-221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 216-221

Author(s):

Frida Nasyrovna Gilmiyarova ◽

N. A. Kolotyeva ◽

V. I. Kuzmicheva ◽

O. A. Gusyakova ◽

I. A. Borodina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Antigenic Determinants ◽

Blood Group Antigens ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Group Type ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Definition Of ◽

Meta Analyses

AB0 blood group antigens were discovered over a century ago; however, it is still important to study their role in development of various pathological conditions. Today it is known that antigenic determinants of this blood group are present not only on erythrocyte membrane but also on other cells and tissues: platelets, gastrointestinal epithelium and salivary glands, respiratory system cells. In the last decade, a large number of studies have appeared to reveal the relationship between a specific disease and blood group type, meta-analyses have been published. Previously, the authors have studied the metabolic status, cell composition and coagulation profile of clinically healthy individuals for more than on 180,000 donations, that allowed to identify group-specific features for each blood group. This review presents generalized data on the association of such pathological conditions as coronary heart disease, thromboembolic complications, tumors of various localizations, inflammatory and destructive oral diseases, psychiatric and some infectious diseases with the presence or absence of antigenic determinants A and B. Carriers of blood group 0 (I) are generally more resistant to diseases, with the exception of H.pylori-associated gastrointestinal diseases. Carriers of «antigenic» blood groups A (II), B (III), AB (IV) are more susceptible to development of infectious, cardiovascular and cancer diseases. The presented data demonstrate clinical significance of the definition of group typing not only for selection of blood and its components during transfusion and transplantation, but also for diagnostics, determination of risk group and tactics for treatment patients with different nosologies.

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The Lebanese COVID-19 Cohort; A Challenge for the ABO Blood Group System

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2020.585341 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Athar Khalil ◽

Rita Feghali ◽

Mahmoud Hassoun

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Severe Form ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Group System ◽

Different Populations ◽

Control Study

A sudden outbreak of pneumonia caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread all over the world facilitating the declaration of the resultant disease as a pandemic on March 2020. Predisposing factors for acquiring COVID-19 and for developing a severe form of this disease were postulated to be related to the epidemiological, clinical, and genetic characteristics of the patients. Biological markers such as the ABO blood group system were amongst these factors that were proposed to be linked to the variability in the disease course and/or the prevalence of the infection among different groups. Herein, we conducted the first retrospective case-control study from the Middle East and North Africa that tackles the association between the blood group types and the susceptibility to, as well as the severity of, SARS-CoV-2 infection. Contrary to the most acknowledged hypothesis, our results challenged the significance of this association and questioned the role of the ABO blood group system in dictating the severity of this disease. For future similar studies, we endorsed analyzing larger cohorts among different populations and we encouraged implementing more rigorous approaches to diminish the potential confounding effect of some underlying comorbidities and genetic variants that are known to be associated with the ABO blood group system.

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