scholarly journals Gamma radiation calculations and gamma blocker design for the high-energy beam transport region of the European Spallation Source

Nukleonika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Karol S. Szymczyk ◽  
Sławomir Wronka
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Monte Carlo Calculations ◽  
Beam Pipe ◽  
Spallation Source ◽  
Transport Region ◽  
Very High

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present the Monte-Carlo calculations performed to design a special element called gamma blocker (GB), necessary to stop the gamma radiation in the Accelerator-to-Target (A2T) section of European Spallation Source (ESS) linac. Very high levels of gamma radiation emitted backward from the activated target through the beam pipe could effectively block any human intervention close to the beam transport system. The residual dose rate in the linac tunnel was calculated without and with different GBs as a function of time. The final GB material and dimensions are proposed.

Mechanical Design of the High-Energy Beam-Transport Line for the FMIT 2-MeV Accelerator

1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 2824-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Liska ◽  
L. Carlisle ◽  
F. Sigler ◽  
J. McCormick ◽  
D. Greenwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Beam Transport Line ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
High Energy Beam

Efficient low‐energy beam transport for intense, high‐brightness H−beams in high energy accelerators: Perspectives and a solution using ESQ lensesa)

1994 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Guharay ◽  
C. K. Allen ◽  
M. Reiser ◽  
K. Saadatmand ◽  
C. R. Chang
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Energy Beam

Improved design of proton source and low energy beam transport line for European Spallation Source

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 02A723 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Neri ◽  
L. Celona ◽  
S. Gammino ◽  
D. Mascali ◽  
G. Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Energy ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Beam Transport Line ◽  
Proton Source ◽  
Spallation Source ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
Improved Design

Design, manufacturing and tests of the LIPAc high energy beam transport line

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 015001
Author(s):  
B. Brañas ◽  
J. Castellanos ◽  
O. Nomen ◽  
C. Oliver ◽  
F. Aragón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Beam Transport Line ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
High Energy Beam

High-energy beam transport in crystal channels

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 6897-6903 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Newberger ◽  
T. Tajima
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
High Energy Beam

scholarly journals High Energy Beam Transport System for a Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator

1985 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 3327-3329 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Renner ◽  
W. T. Chu ◽  
R. A. Gough ◽  
J. Staples ◽  
J. Tanabe
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
High Energy Beam

scholarly journals Discovery of Very High Energy Gamma Radiation from IC 443 with the MAGIC Telescope

2007 ◽  
Vol 664 (2) ◽  
pp. L87-L90 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Albert ◽  
E. Aliu ◽  
H. Anderhub ◽  
P. Antoranz ◽  
A. Armada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Very High Energy ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals CEPA: A LaBr3(Ce)/LaCl3(Ce) PHOSWICH ARRAY FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF PROTONS AND GAMMA RADIATION EMITTED IN REACTIONS AT RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1460143
Author(s):  
J. SÁNCHEZ DEL RÍO ◽  
M. J. G. BORGE ◽  
E. NÁCHER ◽  
A. PEREA ◽  
G. RIBEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Initial Energy ◽  
Optical Pulses ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Very High ◽  
Doppler Correction

A sophisticated design of 750 LaBr3(Ce):LaCl3(Ce) phoswich crystals (CEPA10) with a segmentation determined by the Doppler correction and an energy resolution of 5% at 1 MeV is presented. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed for high energy protons (50–500 MeV) and gamma radiation (0.5–30 MeV) to determine the length and shape of the crystals for optimum performance of the detector. In the case of protons, the two-layer detector can be used as a ΔELaBr3 − ETot telescope or, for very high energies, as a double energy loss detector (ΔELaBr3 + ΔELaCl3), in order to determine the initial energy. In addition, an experimental test with high energy protons (70–230 MeV) was performed at the cyclotron center in Krakow, Poland with a first prototype of 2 x 2 phoswich rectangular crystals (CEPA4) packed in an aluminum can (0.5 mm case). To simulate CEPA10 efficiencies and resolutions, optical pulses detected in CEPA4 by photomultiplier tubes with a DAQ system were used as energy input functions in Monte Carlo simulations.

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