Foliar top dressing efficiency of winter wheat and rape of chosen fertilizers in optimal fertilization and soil moisture conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kocoń
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Moisture Conditions

scholarly journals Environmental Conditions Associated with Stripe Rust in Kansas Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 2306-2312 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Grabow ◽  
D. A. Shah ◽  
E. D. DeWolf
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Disease Forecasting ◽  
Estimation Equations ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
General Estimation

Stripe rust has reemerged as a problematic disease in Kansas wheat. However, there are no stripe rust forecasting models specific to Kansas wheat production. Our objective was to identify environmental variables associated with stripe rust epidemics in Kansas winter wheat as an initial step in the longer-term goal of developing predictive models for stripe rust to be used within the state. Mean yield loss due to stripe rust on susceptible varieties was estimated from 1999 to 2012 for each of the nine Kansas crop reporting districts (CRD). A CRD was classified as having experienced a stripe rust epidemic when yield loss due to the disease equaled or exceeded 1%, and a nonepidemic otherwise. Epidemics were further classified as having been moderate or severe if yield loss was 1 to 14% or greater than 14%, respectively. The binary epidemic categorizations were linked to a matrix of 847 variables representing monthly meteorological and soil moisture conditions. Classification trees were used to select variables associated with stripe rust epidemic occurrence and severity (conditional on an epidemic having occurred). Selected variables were evaluated as predictors of stripe rust epidemics within a general estimation equations framework. The occurrence of epidemics within CRD was linked to soil moisture during the fall and winter months. In the spring, severe epidemics were linked to optimal (7 to 12°C) temperatures. Simple environmentally based stripe rust models at the CRD level may be combined with field-level disease observations and an understanding of varietal reaction to stripe rust as part of an operational disease forecasting system in Kansas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the infiltration capacity of soil in a winter wheat stand during the growing season 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Tomáš Mašíček ◽  
František Toman ◽  
Martina Vičanová ◽  
Věra Hubačíková
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Basin Irrigation ◽  
Moisture Conditions

The aim of the presented paper was to map the course of infiltration during the growing season of 2010 in a winter wheat stand on a selected locality in the Sazomín cadastral area on the basis of selected hydro-physical properties of soil (specific weight, reduced volume weight, actual soil moisture, absorptivity, retention water capacity, porosity, capillary, semi-capillary and non-capillary pores and aeration) evaluated from the analyses of undisturbed soil samples. In order to assess the infiltration capacity of soil at the U Jasana locality in the season April–October, four surveys were realized always with three measurements within each of the surveys. The measurement of infiltration took place in the form of basin irrigation. To evaluate field measurements of infiltration empirical relations were used, namely Kostiakov equations. The highest cumulative infiltration and speed of infiltration were noted in June at the high actual soil moisture and closed stand. In case of October measurement, effects of agro-technical operations became evident on the slightly lower infiltration capacity of soil as compared to June measurements at nearly identical moisture conditions. The lowest infiltration capacity of soil reaching the same level, namely in spite of different moisture conditions and the stand character (July – full-grown stand, August – stubble-field) was found in July and August.

Agronomic performance of winter wheat grown under highly divergent soil moisture conditions in rainfed and water‐managed environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 205 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Schittenhelm ◽  
Lorenz Kottmann ◽  
Martin Kraft ◽  
Katja Matschiner ◽  
Tina Langkamp‐Wedde
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Moisture Conditions

scholarly journals Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Agronomic Traits in Winter Wheat under Different Soil Moisture Levels

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid El-Feki ◽  
Patrick Byrne ◽  
Scott Reid ◽  
Scott Haley
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Photoperiod Response ◽  
Doubled Haploid Population ◽  
Response Gene ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Due to variable moisture conditions in the U.S. Great Plains, it is important to understand genetic control of crop traits under a range of soil moisture levels. Our objective was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield, phenology, and morphological traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different soil moisture conditions. Field evaluation of a winter wheat doubled haploid population (n = 185) derived from a cross between CO940610 and ‘Platte’ was carried out in Fort Collins and Greeley, Colorado, USA in 2007–2008 and 2008–2009, respectively. At each location, trials were grown under moderate drought stress and fully irrigated conditions. A total of 33 QTL for 11 traits was detected in two or more environments. A cluster of QTL for nine traits was found on chromosome 2B in the vicinity of the photoperiod response gene Ppd-B1. Other stable QTL clusters were detected on chromosome 6A and near the vernalization response gene Vrn-D3 on chromosome 7D. A QTL for grain yield on chromosome 5A was detected in three environments. With minor exceptions, the large-effect QTL were detected in both the water limited and fully irrigated environments, rather than being detected only under specific moisture levels.

Effects of Plastic Mulching Modes on Soil Moisture and Grain Yield in Dryland Winter Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-Xi CHAI ◽  
Chang-Gang YANG ◽  
Shu-Fang ZHANG ◽  
Heng-Hong CHEN ◽  
Lei CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulching

Evaluation of Presswheels and Seed Coverers for Direct Seeding of Brassica

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 599E-600
Author(s):  
Regina P. Bracy ◽  
Richard L. Parish
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Determine Effect

Improved stand establishment of direct-seeded crops has usually involved seed treatment and/or seed covers. Planters have been evaluated for seed/plant spacing uniformity, singulation, furrow openers, and presswheel design; however, effects of presswheels and seed coverers on plant establishment have not been widely investigated. Five experiments were conducted in a fine sandy loam soil to determine effect of presswheels and seed coverers on emergence of direct-seeded cabbage and mustard. Seed were planted with Stanhay 870 seeder equipped with one of four presswheels and seed coverers. Presswheels included smooth, mesh, concave split, and flat split types. Seed coverers included standard drag, light drag, paired knives, and no coverer. Soil moisture at planting ranged from 8% to 19% in the top 5 cm of bed. Differences in plant counts taken 2 weeks after planting were minimal with any presswheel or seed coverer. Visual observation indicated the seed furrow was more completely closed with the knife coverer in high soil moisture conditions. All tests received at least 14 mm of precipitation within 6 days from planting, which may account for lack of differences in plant emergence.

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