SPANNING THE AMERICAN WEST Bootstrapping Opportunities for Design in an Engineering Led Context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Perchlik ◽  
Donald MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
User Experience ◽  
North American ◽  
American West ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
The North ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wild West

<p>North American bridge design is dominated by a culture of risk aversion and economic constraint. While objectives of safety and efficiency should be the baseline of any project, they are sometimes set as the sole benchmarks for a successful bridge design within the North American context. When the end game is to simply meet the baseline of safety and efficiency, goals related to user experience and aesthetic impacts are often considered superfluous. This paper showcases lessons learned from designing within this context.</p><p>Stories from bridge designs showcase the ups and downs of bootstrapping higher design goals into footbridge projects in the Wild West.</p>

Scots in the North American West, 1790-1917

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1514
Author(s):  
J. M. Bumsted ◽  
Ferenc Morton Szasz
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
American West ◽  
North American West ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Changes in Winter Atmospheric Rivers along the North American West Coast in CMIP5 Climate Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Warner ◽  
Clifford F. Mass ◽  
Eric P. Salathé
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
North American ◽  
West Coast ◽  
American West ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
The West ◽  
North American West ◽  
The North ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events

Abstract Most extreme precipitation events that occur along the North American west coast are associated with winter atmospheric river (AR) events. Global climate models have sufficient resolution to simulate synoptic features associated with AR events, such as high values of vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) approaching the coast. From phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), 10 simulations are used to identify changes in ARs impacting the west coast of North America between historical (1970–99) and end-of-century (2070–99) runs, using representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. The most extreme ARs are identified in both time periods by the 99th percentile of IVT days along a north–south transect offshore of the coast. Integrated water vapor (IWV) and IVT are predicted to increase, while lower-tropospheric winds change little. Winter mean precipitation along the west coast increases by 11%–18% [from 4% to 6% (°C)−1], while precipitation on extreme IVT days increases by 15%–39% [from 5% to 19% (°C)−1]. The frequency of IVT days above the historical 99th percentile threshold increases as much as 290% by the end of this century.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document