Prevalence of Fasciola spp. Among Slaughtered Livestock in Zakho City, Duhok Governorate - Iraq

Fascioliasis is one of the most common neglected zoonotic disease caused by Fasciola species. The current study was conducted during January to December 2019,in which five districts were selected in various parts of Duhok governorates which differ in their environmental and geographical conditions they included: Duhok city, Zakho, Shelidiza, Aqrah and Bardarash. Each slaughter house was visited once monthly to determine the rate of fascioliasis among domestic animals; cattle, sheep and goats. The infected livers were examined grossly and the bile duct and gall bladder were inspected for the presence of Fasciola species, the work was performed in Parasitology Laboratory, Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, Zakho University. Fascioliasis was diagnosed in 2.0% (195/9757) of total slaughtered livestock, with the highest rate of infection in cattle which was 3.27% (66/2021), followed by sheep 1.76% (122/6932) and the lowest in goats 0.87% (7/804). Slightly higher prevalence rate from positive cases was found in local livestock compared to imported one (2.10% versus 1.88%). According to gender, males showed higher prevalence than females (2.08% versus 1.08%). Regarding Fasciola species, among sheep and goats; the prevalence of F. hepatica was higher than Fasciola gigantica. While among cattle, F. gigantica was the most common species. With respect to parasite burden, the heaviest burden was recorded in 38.46% (20-100 flukes/liver) of slaughtered livestock with the heaviest being in sheep (55.74%), followed by goats (71.43%) while lightest burden was recorded in cattle in 62.12% (1-10 flukes/liver). Most of the liver flukes were recovered from the bile ducts (67.69 %), followed by gall bladder (21.54%) and the least (10.77%) from both the bile ducts and gall bladder.

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Comparative histomorphological study of non affected and affected bile duct and gall bladder by fascioliasis in Black Bengal Goat

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v4i4.40114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 406-415

Author(s):

Md Reazul Islam ◽

Rashida Khaton ◽

Md Aktharul Alam ◽

Md Jalal Uddin Sarder ◽

Md Najmul Hassan Parvez

Keyword(s):

Bile Duct ◽

Gall Bladder ◽

Bile Ducts ◽

Average Length ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Average Weight ◽

Bile Pigment ◽

Tissue Proliferation ◽

Infected Goat ◽

Black Bengal Goat

The purpose of this study was to comparative histomorphological investigation of the non affected and affected bile duct and gall bladder by fascioliasis in Black Bengal goat. The average weight of affected gall bladder was 26.10±0.70 gm which was significantly (p<0.001) higher than non affected gall bladder (19.40±0.96 gm). The average length and girth of affected gall bladder were 10.30±0.37 cm and 8.24±0.30 cm, respectively which were also significantly (p<0.001) higher than the length (6.10±0.30 cm) and Girth (5.85±0.25 cm) of non-affected gall bladder of Black Bengal Goat. The gross changes in acute form, thickening of the bile ducts and fibrosis in a portal area due to chronic fascioliasis was found in case of affected bile duct but were not found in case of non affected liver. A brownish exudates and a number of mature Fasciola gigantica were found in the lumen. The adult Fasciola gigantica was noticed in cross section in the lumen of the thickened bile ducts. Acute pathological lesions could only be produced by developing flukes prior to their entry to the bile ducts. Microscopically the epithelial layer of the bile ducts were seen to the partially disintegrated, but simultaneous proliferation of epithelial cells occurred. Thickening of the bile ducts was the result of connective tissue proliferation. Deposition of bile pigment in the tissue space and bile duct in some parts showed periductal cellular infiltrations, mainly neutrophiles, lymphocyte and eosinophiles. No calcification in the wall of the bile ducts in chronic Fascioliasis in goat could be seen in this study. The gall bladder was very dark usually contained blood clots, the consistency of bile was also very dense. Microcopically hyperplasia of the tubuloalveolar glands and numerous eggs were seen in the bile of infected goat which were absence in case of non infected goat. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2018, 4(4): 406-415

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Fascioliasis

Thai Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.30856/th.jhep2019vol2iss1_01 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Kittiyod Poovorawan

Keyword(s):

Aquatic Plants ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Intestinal Wall ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Mild Disease ◽

Drug Of Choice ◽

Liver Flukes ◽

Fasciola Spp ◽

The Right

Fascioliasis is infection by liver flukes, Fasciola spp. The two species that infect humans are Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. Other herbivorous animals such as cattle, goats, water buffalo, horses, camels, hogs, rabbits, and deer can be infected with Fasciola spp. Humans acquire Fasciola after ingestion of food and water that are contaminated with Fasciola metacercaria, especially aquatic plants. Fascioliasis is usually mild disease in human. Clinical manifestrations are related with the the phases of infection. In migratory phase, symptoms may occur when metacercariae excyst in the duodenum and young liver flukes migrate through the intestinal wall to the liver capsule and hepatic parenchyma before reaching the bile ducts. Clinical symptoms include abdominal pain in the right hypochondrium, dyspepsia and anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and hepatomegaly. Systemic manifestration such as urticaria and eosinophilia are also common presentation. After Fasciola reside in the biliary tract, most of cases are asymptomatic. Biliary track obstruction can accidentally occur and might lead to cholangitis. Triclabendazole 10 mg/kg as a single dose is the current drug of choice for fascioliasis treatment and triclabendazole two doses of 10 mg/kg for 1 day is effective in severe or persistent infections, with cure rates of 79% and 92%, respectively. Currently, there is no vaccine for prevent Fasciola infection. Proper cooking or cleaning food especially aquatic plants before consumption will prevent accidental Fasciola infection. Adequate mass treatment among infected animals in endemic areas and proper sanitary in the livestock farm are important for disease control. Figure 1 ภาพถ่ายตัวเต็มวัยพยาธิ Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) (A) และ Fasciola gigantica (Cobbold, 1855) (B)(ได้รับการอนุเคราะห์ภาพจาก รศ.ดร.อุรุษา แทนขำ ภาควิชาปรสิตหนอนพยาธิ คณะเวชศาสตร์เขตร้อน มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล)

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MORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF “FASCIOLA GIGANTICA” RECOVERED FROM LIVER OF INFECTED BUFFALOES

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i3.2015.3028 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Pandya ◽

Hasnani ◽

Patel P. V.

Keyword(s):

Sagittal Plane ◽

Common Species ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Adult Liver ◽

Common Cause ◽

Histological Studies ◽

Morphological Appearance ◽

The Common ◽

Liver Flukes

This study was undertaken to identify Fasciolagiganticai on the basis of its morphology and histology to be the common cause of fasciolosis in infected buffaloes. Material & Method: Adult liver flukes were recovered from the liver of naturally infected buffaloes slaughtered in various abattoirs in Gujarat. Some adult flukes were flattened, put between two slides , pressed and stained in Borax carmine, and some flukes were sectioned in the median sagittal plane and histological slides of the flukes were prepared for detailed morphological and histological studies. Result: Microscopic pictures of the parasite used in identification defines the similarity in the morphology and histology of the F. gigantica on the basis of morphology of flukes; anterior sucker, posterior sucker (acetabulum), pharynx, uterus, ovary and type of epithelium. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the most common species found in buffaloes infected with Fasciolagigantica on the basis of its histo-morphological appearance in Gujarat.

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