Introduction:
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is an uncommon condition. In patients taking prescription amphetamine or with methamphetamine abuse, SCAD has been reported in some case reports. We describe a case of a young female patient who had recurrent SCAD on prescription amphetamine with multisite involvement.
Case presentation:
A 48-year-old woman with history of active tobacco use, hypertension presented with substernal chest pain radiating to both arms. Her home medications included prescription amphetamine (Amphetamine, Dextroamphetamine) for reported history of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, diagnosed in childhood). The patient’s electrocardiogram showed ST elevations in V2,V3 and V4 and with reciprocal changes in leads II, III and aVF. On emergent cardiac catheterization we noted dominant left system with 99% occlusion with thrombus of mid LAD with radiolucent lumens and contrast dye extravasation into the arterial wall suggesting type 1 SCAD. Otherwise we noted normal RCA, LCx and OM branches. An IVUS was not used during the procedure. This lesion was revascularized with a drug eluding stent with containment of the dissection and achievement of TIMI 3 flow. We noted that the patient presented similarly two separate times in the past 2 years and cardiac catheterizations at that time revealed type 2B SCAD involving OM3, which appeared angiographically normal on current angiogram and 90% distal LAD occlusion from type 1 SCAD. The patient was treated with aspirin and ticagrelor and discharged 2 days post procedure in stable condition.
Conclusions:
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) has been reported in patients with prescription amphetamine and methamphetamine use, but it is imperative to rule out alternative etiologies and amphetamine related SCAD should be a diagnosis of exclusion. We opted to intervene on the mid LAD dissection and the distal dissections were treated medically.
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