scholarly journals THE STONE FINIAL-DISCFROM THE LATE MESOLITHIC LAYER AT BEREGOVAYA II IN THE MIDDLE TRANSURALS REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.Н. Савченко ◽  
М.Г. Жилин
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
The Face ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Late Mesolithic ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Face Side

При раскопках стоянки Береговая II на Горбуновском торфянике в Зауралье в слое позднего мезолита был найден перфорированный диск-навершие из тальк-хлоритовой горной породы. На лицевой стороне диска грубой шлифовкой моделирован выступающий нос, гравировкой показаны брови, усы и борода личины. Отверстие для рукоятки в центре расположено на месте рта. Всего в Зауралье известно 4 крупных перфорированных диска, которые исследователи относили к эпохе бронзы и интерпретировали как диски-календари. Отличительные черты нашего диска позволяют считать его скорее навершием ритуального оружия типа булавы. Находка подобного артефакта в четких стратиграфических условиях – в культурном слое позднего мезолита стоянки Береговой II – и сходство отдельных деталей антропоморфной личины на диске с деталями лица Большого Шигирского идола доказывают гораздо более раннее их бытование в Среднем Зауралье. The excavations at the Beregovaya II site in the Gorbunovo peat-bog in the Transurals yielded a perforated end-piece disc made from talc chlorite rock. The face side of the disc features a protruding nose made by rough grinding, whereas the brows, the moustache and the beard of the human-like mask are rendered by engraving. There is a shaft-hole in the center where there should be the mouth. Totally four large perforated discs referred by researchers to the Bronze Age and interpreted as calendar discs that are known in the Transurals region. The distinguishing features of this finial-disc suggest that, most likely, it was a part of a ceremonial weapon such as a macehead. The find of this artifact in the clear stratigraphic context of the Late Mesolithic occupation layer at Beregovaya II and similarity between some parts of the anthropomorphic human-like mask on the disk and the face of the Big Shigir idol is an evidence that such discs were used in the Middle Transurals much earlier.

Report on a Skeleton Found Buried in an Extended Supine Position at Mundford and Assigned by the Finders to the Bronze Period

1926 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
Arthur Keith
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
Representative Specimen ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Bronze Age

This skeleton is almost complete, the only part of importance which is missing being the region of the forehead and upper part of the face. The skeleton is that of a particularly robustly built man, about 5-ft. 5-in. or 5-ft. 6-in. in height, (1.660 M) aged about 60, with severe rheumatic changes in the spine and extreme disease of the teeth. Most of his characters are those of men whose remains are found in round barrows and other British burials which contain earthenware beakers of the bronze age. He is not a representative specimen of the “beaker” type, but most of his features resemble those of that type.The maximum length of the skull I estimate to have been 188 m.m.; its greatest width is 147 m.m., the width being 78.2% of the length. It is quite true that the skull is longer than is usually the case in beaker men, yet its form as seen in profile, the fulness of the cerebellar region and particularly the massive size of the great enternal occipital crest for the attachment of the neck, are “beaker” features.The vault is high, its highest point above the ear-passages when the skull is oriented in the Frankfort plane, being 122 m.m. The height of the skull also favours his relationship to the beaker type.

scholarly journals Items of the Seima-Turbino Metal Complex from Lower Pyshma River

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Borodovsky ◽  
Yuri V. Oborin
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complex ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
The Bronze Age

Purpose. This article examines the collection of recently discovered items from lower Pyshma River (Tyumen region, Tyumen district), belonging to the Seima-Turbino time, which to be found on the territory of Eurasia is rather a rare archaeological phenomenon. Results. The researchers identified a set of items encompassing bronze objects – spears, knives, celts, an ice pick and mask. This composition of items entirely reflects a standard set of artifacts belonging to the Seima-Turbino time. Furthermore, this set of items is obviously close to religious collections (Galichsky Klad), which contained anthropomorphic metal objects. Of special interest in the collection is a metal mask with a protruding nose made of bronze plates. The sharp angled upper and lower parts of the face are considered to be its culturally determining signs. The shape and appearance of the top of the head may well be classified as headgear characteristic of the Samus’sko-Seima time. Such tight-fitting hats are typical of various samples of anthropomorphic plastic art in the south of Western Siberia. The iconographic features of this toreutics item belonging to the Bronze Age largely encapsulates peculiarities of similar-purpose images that existed in the forest territories of Western Siberia up until the Middle Ages. Conclusion. It is important to emphasize that this collection presents great significance in terms of studying non-ferrous processing technologies. Overall, the discovered items can be considered as both a set of tools, and as part of cult paraphernalia and the transcultural phenomenon of Middle bronze Age, especially in connection with the discovered bronze mask.

Persistent, multi-sourced lead contamination in Central Europe since the Bronze Age recorded in the Füramoos peat bog, Germany

Anthropocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100310
Author(s):  
Oliver A. Kern ◽  
Andreas Koutsodendris ◽  
Finn Süfke ◽  
Marcus Gutjahr ◽  
Bertil Mächtle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
The Bronze Age

On the Date of an Axe-Hammer from Llangeitho Cardiganshire

1939 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Early Date ◽  
The Bronze Age

The large perforated stone axe-hammer, illustrated by fig. 1, was found in 1933 in a peat bog near Cwrt Farm, Llangeitho, Cardiganshire (6-in. O.S. Cards, XX, S.E.). It is described by W. F. Grimes (1935) as being ‘related typologically to other axes which can be dated to the Bronze Age’; he adds ‘a date within that period may be accepted as the most likely. The position and circumstances in which it was found favour such an early date without confirming it.’ The same circumstances suggested that the find might perhaps be dated by the method of pollen analysis. The object itself was examined, but it had already been cleaned thoroughly, and even scraping inside the socket yielded only the merest traces of peat, quite insufficient for analysis.

Investigating Burnt Mounds in Clydesdale during Motorway Construction

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
John A Atkinson ◽  
Camilla Dickson ◽  
Jane Downes ◽  
Paul Robins ◽  
David Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Short Account ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Bronze Age

Summary Two small burnt mounds were excavated as part of the programme to mitigate the impact of motorway construction in the Crawford area. The excavations followed a research strategy designed to address questions of date and function. This paper surveys the various competing theories about burnt mounds and how the archaeological evidence was evaluated against those theories. Both sites produced radiocarbon dates from the Bronze Age and evidence to suggest that they were cooking places. In addition, a short account is presented of two further burnt mounds discovered during the construction of the motorway in Annandale.

A Neolithic Structure and Bronze Age Activity at West Flank Road, Drumchapel, Glasgow

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-128
Author(s):  
Gavin Macgregor ◽  
Irene Cullen ◽  
Diane Alldritt ◽  
Michael Donnelly ◽  
Jennifer Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Age Features ◽  
The Bronze Age

Summary A programme of archaeological work was undertaken by Glasgow University Archaeological Research Division (GUARD) at West Flank Road, Drumchapel, in close proximity to the site of the prehistoric cemetery of Knappers. This paper considers the results of excavation of a range of negative features, including earlier Neolithic and Bronze Age pits and postholes. The earlier Neolithic features date to c. 3500–3000 BC and are interpreted as the partial remains of a subrectangular structure. The Bronze Age features may relate to ceremonial activities in the wider area. The significance of these remains is considered in relation to the site of Knappers and wider traditions during the fourth to second millennia BC.

Martyn Barber Bronze and the Bronze Age

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-195
Author(s):  
Brendan O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
The Bronze Age

From the bronze age to the iron age

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Grecian ◽  
Safwaan Adam ◽  
Akheel Syed
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
The Bronze Age
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