A Historiography of Settlement Archaeology in Southeast Asia, with Emphasis on the Pre-industrial State Formations | မြို့ပြြထွန်းကားြီအချက်အလက်ြျားအပြါ်ြူတည်လျက် အပှေ့ပတာင်အာှေှေိ အပပခချပနထိုင်ပခင်းဆိုင်ှာပှေးပောင်းသုပတသ နပလ့လာြှုသြုငိ ်း

Although it certainly comes with a unique set of challenges, the small number of projects carried out across Southeast Asia to date have demonstrated the efficacy that settlement archaeology holds for expanding on our traditional understandings of the region’s pre-industrial state formations. This discussion presents a brief historiography of the settlement archaeology projects that have focused on the “classical” states of Southeast Asia, and in doing so highlights the theories, methods, applications, and outcomes of these investigations. The need for more excavations to be carried out in the context of commoner habitation sites is underscored. အ ခြေ ေျ ခေ ထို င် ြေ င်း များ ခေ့ ော ော ရာ တွ င် စိ ေ် ခေါ် မှု များ စွာ ရှိ ခေ မ ည် ြြ စ် ခော် ေ ည်း၊ အခရှ့ခတာင် အာရှခေေတွင်ြြုေုြ်ေဲ့ကြေည့် ေုခတေေေုြ်ငေ်းအေည်းငယ်မှ ထွြ်ခြါ်ောခော နှစ်ေြ်တမ်း တွြ်ေျြ်မှုများေည် မမို့ြြမထွေ်းြားမီအခကြာင်းအ ရာများြို ြိုမိုေားေည်ေခောခြါြ်ောခစရေ် အတွြ် အခထာြ်အြူြြုေျြ်ရှိေည်။ ယေုခွွးခနွးတင်ြြမည့် အခြေေျခေထိုင်ြေင်းွိုင်ရာ ခရှးခောင်းေုခတေေခေ့ောမှုေ မိုင်းအြျဉ်းေျုြ်ေည် အခရှ့ခတာင်အာရှခေေရှိ ဂန္ထဝင်တွင်ခော မမို့ြြနိုင်ငံကြီးများြို အဓိြထားခေ့ောထားမြီး၊ ေီအိုရီများ၊ ေည်းေမ်းများ၊ ေြ်ခတွ့ခွာင်ရွြ် ေျြ်များနှင့် ထွြ်ခြါ်ောေည့် ရေေ်များြို တင်ြြမည်ြြစ်ြါေည်။ ခရှးခေတ်ောမာေ်အရြ်ေားများ ၏ အိမ်ယာအခြေေျခေထိုင်မှုများြို ခြာ်ထုတ်နိုင်ရေ်အတွြ် ထြ်မံေိုအြ်ခေမည့် တူးခြာ်ခေ့ောခရး ေုြ်ငေ်းများအခကြာင်းြို တင်ြြေွားမည်ြြစ်ြါေည်။

Seven Years in Sihagiri Bim - An Account of a Sri Lankan-Swedish Collaboration in Settlement Archaeology in Sigiriya 1988—1995

During the course of seven years Sri Lankan and Swedish archaeologists in collaboration built up a core of what is today the Sri Lankan settlement archaeology. Through surveys, excavations and ethnoarchaeological studies an understanding was gradually obtained regarding settlements and subsistence strategies of the Sri Lankan dry zone, from the Mesolithic to the present, and a generation of young Sri Lankan archaeologists got a fair amount of necessary field training. The primary objective was to develop the human resources of Sri Lankan archaeology, but something can also be said about the research results of the project. This article gives a generalised background and, in very brief outline, an overview of the work done, its methodology, constraints and results.

The Finds from Mezhegey Settlement (Republic of Tyva), Stored in the State Hermitage

The article describes a small collection of finds from the Mezhegei settlement with the total of 105 items which were included in the collection of the State Hermitage in 1987. The artifacts were discovered by the Tuvan archaeological expedition of Moscow State University under the leadership of L. R. Kyzlasov in 1960. The excavations showed that the buildings of the settlement were constructed in the architectural traditions of the 11th — 13th centuries. Local builders used a frame, the foundations were made of large adobe bricks, the dwellings were heated with kangs, massive bases for columns were preserved, the roof was tiled, there were many bas-reliefs to decorate the walls and the ridge of the roof. The settlement was the remains of a Mongolian city founded in the first half of the 13th century with the area of about twenty-five hectares. There were many buildings in the city, the remains of a rampart and other structures have been preserved. The finds, according to the inventories, come from a Buddhist temple and stupa. These are mainly architectural decorations, tiles and gray clay ceramics. The article describes five findings from the Mezhegey Settlement. Keywords: Mezhegey settlement, archaeology, tiles, architectural fragments

Settlement archaeology and the contextualization of domestic artefacts

This chapter explores the study of Egyptian settlements and the characteristic range of domestic architecture and artefacts found within living spaces and urban contexts. It will focus on the changing approaches to the material culture of sedentism, urbanism, and use of domestic artefacts in Egypt over the last 150 years. The main section, discussing settlement archaeology in Egypt, aims both to provide a summary of progress to date and to highlight areas of the topic that are neglected, controversial, or disputed. The final section discusses artefacts that derive from ancient Egyptian domestic contexts, with specific emphasis on the study of patterns of production and consumption and the physical locations in which these activities took place.

A Late Iron Age/early Roman Enclosed Settlement at Basing View, Basingstoke

Excavation in advance of housing development at Basing View, Basingstoke, revealed the remains of an Early Roman enclosed settlement that possibly originated in the Late Iron Age and was occupied to the early 2nd century. The settlement was fairly low status, focussed on mixed farming practices, but was notable for the presence of a possible sunken- featured building with a baby burial. The site adds to current knowledge of the Late Iron Age/Early Roman settlement archaeology of the area south of Silchester (Calleva Atrebatum).