This paper presents the experimental characterization of droplet formation in accordance with different types of driving waveform. The objective of the experiments is to generate sound droplets with a minimal volume depending on the types of driving waveform. For it, two types of driving waveform are used to investigate the droplet formation of the M-Jet: one is bipolar and another W-shaped. In the case of the bipolar waveform, ti lead to fluid flows from the liquid reservoir into the chamber in the M-Jet and th is time to impose a pulse under the constant magnetic field, resulting in the formation of the droplets. The droplet volume decreases as ti increases, and increases with further increase of ti. The threshold ti is equal to 500 s. The droplet volume decreases as th decreases, but the droplet formation was not successful at less than 550 s. In the case of the W-shaped waveform, maintains ti and th where is set from bipolar waveform, control the tr, where retracted MM keeps to control droplet volume. The tail becomes longer as tr increases. The droplet volume remains nearly constant as tr increases, but rapidly increases with further increase of tr. When the two driving waveform, the W-shaped driving waveform seems to be effective in reducing the droplet volume, and achieves the reduction of volume by 30 percent.
Synthesis and characterization of thallium–salen derivatives for use as underground fluid flow tracers