Multicomponent Cyclopolymerization of Alkynes, Isocyanides and Isocyanates Toward Heterocyclic Polymers

Multicomponent cyclopolymerization (MCCP) based on isocyanides, among the tremendous synthetic methodologies, is a powerful tool for the preparation of functional heterocyclic polymers like poly(maleimide)s (PMDs), which should be further developed. In this work, an atom-economic and catalyst-free MCCP of activated alkynes, diisocyanides and diisocyanates was fully explored. The PMDs with high weight-average molecular weights (Mw up to 29 000) were facilely produced in satisfactory yields (up to 85%). The resultant polymers showed excellent solubility, high thermal stability, and good film-forming ability, and their thin films possessed high refraction indices (RI) in a range of 1.613 to 1.708 at 632.8 nm. Therefore, this work not only supplements the isocyanide-based multicomponent cyclopolymerizations but also enriches the family of polymerization reactions based on triple-bond building blocks.

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Thienopyrrolocarbazoles: New Building Blocks for Functional Organic Materials

10.26434/chemrxiv.7777343.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dorian Bader ◽

Johannes Fröhlich ◽

Paul Kautny

Keyword(s):

Building Block ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Molecular Properties ◽

The Family ◽

Facile Preparation

The facile preparation of three regioisomeric thienopyrrolocarbazoles applying a convenient C-H activation approach is presented. Derived from indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole, the incorporation of thiophene into the triarylamine framework significantly impacted the molecular properties of the parent scaffold. The developed thienopyrrolocarbazoles enrich the family of triarylamine donors and constitute a novel building block for functional organic materials.

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Thienopyrrolocarbazoles: New Building Blocks for Functional Organic Materials

10.26434/chemrxiv.7777343 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dorian Bader ◽

Johannes Fröhlich ◽

Paul Kautny

Keyword(s):

Building Block ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Molecular Properties ◽

The Family ◽

Facile Preparation

The facile preparation of three regioisomeric thienopyrrolocarbazoles applying a convenient C-H activation approach is presented. Derived from indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole, the incorporation of thiophene into the triarylamine framework significantly impacted the molecular properties of the parent scaffold. The developed thienopyrrolocarbazoles enrich the family of triarylamine donors and constitute a novel building block for functional organic materials.

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Synthesis of π-Conjugated Polymers Containing Benzotriazole Units via Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C-H Cross-Coupling Polycondensation for OLEDs Applications

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13020254 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Dong Han ◽

Jingwen Li ◽

Qiang Zhang ◽

Zewang He ◽

Zhiwei Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conjugated Polymers ◽

Quantum Efficiency ◽

Cross Coupling ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

19F Nmr Spectra ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Palladium Catalyzed ◽

Red Luminescence

Four D-π-A conjugated polymers, namely P1–P4, which contain benzotriazole building blocks in their backbone as acceptor, are synthesized via palladium-catalyzed direct C-H cross-coupling polycondensation of 5,6-difluorobenzotriazole with different thiophene derivatives, including 3-octylthiophene, 2,2’-bithiophene, thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine, and 4,4-dioctyl-4H-silolo-[3,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene as donor units, respectively. Taking the polymer P1 as an example, the chemical structure of the polymer is demonstrated by 1H and 19F NMR spectra. The optical, electrochemical, and thermal properties of these polymers are assessed by UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. DFT simulations of all polymers are also performed to understand their physicochemical properties. Furthermore, P1 and P2, which have relatively higher molecular weights and better fluorescent quantum efficiency than those of P3 and P4, are utilized as lighting emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), affording promising green and red luminescence with 0.07% and 0.14% of maximum external quantum efficiency, respectively, based on a device with an architecture of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PTAA/the polymer emitting layer/TPBi/LiF/Al.

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In Situ Generation of Heterocyclic Polymers by Triple‐Bond Based Polymerizations

Macromolecular Rapid Communications ◽

10.1002/marc.202100524 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2100524

Author(s):

Xinnan Wang ◽

Ting Han ◽

Jacky W. Y. Lam ◽

Ben Zhong Tang

Keyword(s):

Triple Bond ◽

Heterocyclic Polymers ◽

In Situ Generation

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Cost-effectiveness of the Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) programme in England: Evidence from the building blocks trial

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice ◽

10.1111/jep.12799 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 1367-1374 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Belen Corbacho ◽

Kerry Bell ◽

Eugena Stamuli ◽

Gerry Richardson ◽

Sarah Ronaldson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Building Blocks ◽

The Family ◽

Family Nurse Partnership

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Costs and consequences of the Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) programme in England: evidence from the Building Blocks trial

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.20149.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1640 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kerry Bell ◽

Belen Corbacho ◽

Sarah Ronaldson ◽

Gerry Richardson ◽

Kerry Hood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Home Visiting ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Full Range ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

The Family ◽

Cost Consequence ◽

Implementation Costs ◽

Family Nurse Partnership

Background: The Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) is a licensed intensive home visiting intervention programme delivered to teenage mothers which was originally introduced in England in 2006 by the Department of Health and is now provided through local commissioning of public health services and supported by a national unit led by a consortium of partners. The Building Blocks (BB) trial aimed to explore the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of this programme. This paper reports the results of an economic evaluation of the Building Blocks randomised controlled trial (RCT) based on a cost-consequence approach. Methods: A large sample of 1618 families was followed-up at various intervals during pregnancy and for two years after birth. A cost-consequence approach was taken to appraise the full range of costs arising from the intervention including both health and social measures of cost alongside the consequences of the trial, specifically, the primary outcomes. Results: A large number of potential factors were identified that are likely to attract additional costs beyond the implementation costs of the intervention including both health and non-health outcomes. Conclusion: Given the extensive costs and only small beneficial consequences observed within the two year follow-up period, the cost-consequence model suggests that the FNP intervention is unlikely to be worth the substantial costs and policy makers may wish to consider other options for investment. Trial registration: ISRCTN23019866 (20/04/2009)

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FAMILY IN TALENT AND CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT

International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling ◽

10.35631/ijepc.5350019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (35) ◽

pp. 215-224

Author(s):

Ahmad Abd Mustafa Smadi ◽

Bsaer Ahmad Mustafa al-Qudah ◽

Najihah Abd Wahid

Keyword(s):

Building Blocks ◽

Family Counseling ◽

Family Factors ◽

Gifted Children ◽

Academic Problems ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Creativity Development ◽

The Family ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

Talent and creativity development require extraordinary counseling from the members of the family, and as such, it is necessary to highlight the crucial role of family counseling towards developing talent and creativity. The article aims to examine the contributory role of the family in talent and creativity growth. The study shall serve as a reference for families to eliminate challenges growing with talent and creativity maturation. If the family has no awareness of how to deal with their gifted son, it may cause psychological stress and academic problems, thus undoubtedly affect the child’s talent. Hence the importance of this study is to demonstrate the role of family counseling in developing the talent and creativity of the gifted child by providing support and awareness to the family on how to deal with this talent to preserve and develop this talent because the gifted individuals are the basic building blocks in the progress and development of societies. Therefore, the article attempts to analyze the talent and creativity of gifted children and counseling of gifted family. The article includes a quick overview of talent origins, components and techniques, the role of the family in talent and creativity development, family factors influencing talent, creativity, gifted children, and family counseling. The study is qualitative descriptive research since the approach is considered suitable for determining the particular role expected from the family towards developing talent and creativity. The approach used in this study is appropriate for pinpointing the responsibilities of families in the process of growing children’s talent and creativity.

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Universal Building Blocks

Going the Distance ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691150772.003.0004 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 65-92

Author(s):

Ron Harris

Keyword(s):

Simple Structure ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Clear Pattern ◽

Historical Evidence ◽

Long Distance ◽

The Family ◽

Endogenous Institutions ◽

Historical Origin ◽

Basic Functions ◽

Organic As

This chapter argues that a number of precursor institutions of the long-distance trade organization developed locally, independently, and endemically in many different places along the Eurasian landmass. It shows that there is often no direct and clear evidence for the endogenous origins of institutions. The chapter also discusses the endemic appearance of an institution that does not have a clear pattern of migration but, together with its relatively simple structure, supports the identification of an endogenous institution. Endogenous institutions are often organic, as is the case with the itinerant trader or the family, or simple institutions that address basic functions, such as the loan, agency, or ship. They are to be found throughout Eurasia, and there is no historical evidence of a single historical origin for any of them or of a clear route of their migration.

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A Spiritual Inheritance? Family Spirit, Virtue and Vocation in the Vies of the Lamoignon Dévots

French History ◽

10.1093/fh/craa054 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alison Forrestal

Keyword(s):

Life Writing ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Spiritual Identity ◽

Catholic Reformation ◽

The Family ◽

Religious Engagement ◽

Close Relatives

Abstract— Members of the Parisian robe Lamoignon family were among the most prominent dévots of the French Catholic Reformation. This article explores the family’s religious engagement through six substantial biographies or vies written by close relatives between 1663 and 1688–90, which reflected on the devotional lives of Chrétien and Marie Lamoignon and three of their four children, Guillaume, Anne and Madeleine. It analyses how the authors adopted the popular strategy of life-writing to recall, reflect on and interpret the significance of their religious choices and experiences for themselves and for the family as a whole. Appraisal of their habits became building blocks for the construction of what the authors defined as a Lamoignon ‘family spirit’, which included a rhetoric of humility that was designed to withstand pride, deflect accusations of venality, validate the family’s advancement and inflect their history with a cohesive spiritual identity.

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