Cost-effectiveness of the Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) programme in England: Evidence from the building blocks trial

Background: The Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) is a licensed intensive home visiting intervention programme delivered to teenage mothers which was originally introduced in England in 2006 by the Department of Health and is now provided through local commissioning of public health services and supported by a national unit led by a consortium of partners. The Building Blocks (BB) trial aimed to explore the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of this programme. This paper reports the results of an economic evaluation of the Building Blocks randomised controlled trial (RCT) based on a cost-consequence approach. Methods: A large sample of 1618 families was followed-up at various intervals during pregnancy and for two years after birth. A cost-consequence approach was taken to appraise the full range of costs arising from the intervention including both health and social measures of cost alongside the consequences of the trial, specifically, the primary outcomes. Results: A large number of potential factors were identified that are likely to attract additional costs beyond the implementation costs of the intervention including both health and non-health outcomes. Conclusion: Given the extensive costs and only small beneficial consequences observed within the two year follow-up period, the cost-consequence model suggests that the FNP intervention is unlikely to be worth the substantial costs and policy makers may wish to consider other options for investment. Trial registration: ISRCTN23019866 (20/04/2009)

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Thienopyrrolocarbazoles: New Building Blocks for Functional Organic Materials

10.26434/chemrxiv.7777343.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dorian Bader ◽

Johannes Fröhlich ◽

Paul Kautny

Keyword(s):

Building Block ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Molecular Properties ◽

The Family ◽

Facile Preparation

The facile preparation of three regioisomeric thienopyrrolocarbazoles applying a convenient C-H activation approach is presented. Derived from indolo[3,2,1-<i>jk</i>]carbazole, the incorporation of thiophene into the triarylamine framework significantly impacted the molecular properties of the parent scaffold. The developed thienopyrrolocarbazoles enrich the family of triarylamine donors and constitute a novel building block for functional organic materials.

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Thienopyrrolocarbazoles: New Building Blocks for Functional Organic Materials

10.26434/chemrxiv.7777343 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dorian Bader ◽

Johannes Fröhlich ◽

Paul Kautny

Keyword(s):

Building Block ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Molecular Properties ◽

The Family ◽

Facile Preparation

The facile preparation of three regioisomeric thienopyrrolocarbazoles applying a convenient C-H activation approach is presented. Derived from indolo[3,2,1-<i>jk</i>]carbazole, the incorporation of thiophene into the triarylamine framework significantly impacted the molecular properties of the parent scaffold. The developed thienopyrrolocarbazoles enrich the family of triarylamine donors and constitute a novel building block for functional organic materials.

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FAMILY IN TALENT AND CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT

International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling ◽

10.35631/ijepc.5350019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (35) ◽

pp. 215-224

Author(s):

Ahmad Abd Mustafa Smadi ◽

Bsaer Ahmad Mustafa al-Qudah ◽

Najihah Abd Wahid

Keyword(s):

Building Blocks ◽

Family Counseling ◽

Family Factors ◽

Gifted Children ◽

Academic Problems ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Creativity Development ◽

The Family ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

Talent and creativity development require extraordinary counseling from the members of the family, and as such, it is necessary to highlight the crucial role of family counseling towards developing talent and creativity. The article aims to examine the contributory role of the family in talent and creativity growth. The study shall serve as a reference for families to eliminate challenges growing with talent and creativity maturation. If the family has no awareness of how to deal with their gifted son, it may cause psychological stress and academic problems, thus undoubtedly affect the child’s talent. Hence the importance of this study is to demonstrate the role of family counseling in developing the talent and creativity of the gifted child by providing support and awareness to the family on how to deal with this talent to preserve and develop this talent because the gifted individuals are the basic building blocks in the progress and development of societies. Therefore, the article attempts to analyze the talent and creativity of gifted children and counseling of gifted family. The article includes a quick overview of talent origins, components and techniques, the role of the family in talent and creativity development, family factors influencing talent, creativity, gifted children, and family counseling. The study is qualitative descriptive research since the approach is considered suitable for determining the particular role expected from the family towards developing talent and creativity. The approach used in this study is appropriate for pinpointing the responsibilities of families in the process of growing children’s talent and creativity.

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Universal Building Blocks

Going the Distance ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691150772.003.0004 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 65-92

Author(s):

Ron Harris

Keyword(s):

Simple Structure ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Clear Pattern ◽

Historical Evidence ◽

Long Distance ◽

The Family ◽

Endogenous Institutions ◽

Historical Origin ◽

Basic Functions ◽

Organic As

This chapter argues that a number of precursor institutions of the long-distance trade organization developed locally, independently, and endemically in many different places along the Eurasian landmass. It shows that there is often no direct and clear evidence for the endogenous origins of institutions. The chapter also discusses the endemic appearance of an institution that does not have a clear pattern of migration but, together with its relatively simple structure, supports the identification of an endogenous institution. Endogenous institutions are often organic, as is the case with the itinerant trader or the family, or simple institutions that address basic functions, such as the loan, agency, or ship. They are to be found throughout Eurasia, and there is no historical evidence of a single historical origin for any of them or of a clear route of their migration.

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Evaluating the real-world implementation of the Family Nurse Partnership in England: protocol for a data linkage study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038530 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. e038530

Author(s):

Francesca L Cavallaro ◽

Ruth Gilbert ◽

Linda Wijlaars ◽

Eilis Kennedy ◽

Ailsa Swarbrick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Home Visiting ◽

Data Linkage ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Maternal Characteristics ◽

The Real ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Family ◽

Children In Care ◽

Family Nurse Partnership

IntroductionAlmost 20 000 babies are born to teenage mothers each year in England, with poorer outcomes for mothers and babies than among older mothers. A nurse home visitation programme in the USA was found to improve a wide range of outcomes for young mothers and their children. However, a randomised controlled trial in England found no effect on short-term primary outcomes, although cognitive development up to age 2 showed improvement. Our study will use linked routinely collected health, education and social care data to evaluate the real-world effects of the Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) on child outcomes up to age 7, with a focus on identifying whether the FNP works better for particular groups of families, thereby informing programme targeting and resource allocation.Methods and analysisWe will construct a retrospective cohort of all women aged 13–24 years giving birth in English NHS hospitals between 2010 and 2017, linking information on mothers and children from FNP programme data, Hospital Episodes Statistics and the National Pupil Database. To assess the effectiveness of FNP, we will compare outcomes for eligible mothers ever and never enrolled in FNP, and their children, using two analysis strategies to adjust for measured confounding: propensity score matching and analyses adjusting for maternal characteristics up to enrolment/28 weeks gestation. Outcomes of interest include early childhood development, childhood unplanned hospital admissions for injury or maltreatment-related diagnoses and children in care. Subgroup analyses will determine whether the effect of FNP varied according to maternal characteristics (eg, age and education).Ethics and disseminationThe Nottingham Research Ethics Committee approved this study. Mothers participating in FNP were supportive of our planned research. Results will inform policy-makers for targeting home visiting programmes. Methodological findings on the accuracy and reliability of cross-sectoral data linkage will be of interest to researchers.

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A Spiritual Inheritance? Family Spirit, Virtue and Vocation in the Vies of the Lamoignon Dévots

French History ◽

10.1093/fh/craa054 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alison Forrestal

Keyword(s):

Life Writing ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Spiritual Identity ◽

Catholic Reformation ◽

The Family ◽

Religious Engagement ◽

Close Relatives

Abstract— Members of the Parisian robe Lamoignon family were among the most prominent dévots of the French Catholic Reformation. This article explores the family’s religious engagement through six substantial biographies or vies written by close relatives between 1663 and 1688–90, which reflected on the devotional lives of Chrétien and Marie Lamoignon and three of their four children, Guillaume, Anne and Madeleine. It analyses how the authors adopted the popular strategy of life-writing to recall, reflect on and interpret the significance of their religious choices and experiences for themselves and for the family as a whole. Appraisal of their habits became building blocks for the construction of what the authors defined as a Lamoignon ‘family spirit’, which included a rhetoric of humility that was designed to withstand pride, deflect accusations of venality, validate the family’s advancement and inflect their history with a cohesive spiritual identity.

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Effect of workforce diversity on the cost-effectiveness of milk production systems participating in the “full bucket” program

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n1p323 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 323

Author(s):

Marcos Aurelio Lopes ◽

Flavio De Moraes ◽

Francisval Melo Carvalho ◽

Fabio Raphael Pascotti Bruhn ◽

Andre Luis Ribeiro Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Production Cost ◽

Production Systems ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Total Production ◽

Unit Costs ◽

The Family ◽

Net Margin ◽

The Cost

This study aimed to analyze the effect of each workforce type on the cost-effectiveness of 20 dairy farms participating in the “Full Bucket” program, from January to December 2011, in the State of Rio de Janeiro. A stepwise multiple linear regression was used to identify the production cost components that most affected net margin, profitability, and cost-effectiveness. Workforce type influenced both profitability and cost-effectiveness, as well as total production cost. Economic analysis showed that farms with a hired workforce had the lowest total unit costs and a positive result. This way, the activity is able to produce in the long term and farmers are capitalizing. The farms that adopted mixed and family workforce had a positive net margin and a negative result, obtaining conditions to produce in the medium term. The highest representativeness on the items of effective operating cost in the family workforce stratum, in a descending order, were food, miscellaneous expenses, and energy. The most representative items in the mixed and hired workforce strata were food, workforce, and miscellaneous expenses.

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