scholarly journals Managing Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea With Pseudomembranous Colitis: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Kandla Sharma ◽  
Ankit Mangla
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Faecal Examination ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Metronidazole

Antiobiotic associated diarrhea is a usual adverse event during antibiotic therapy. We present the case of a 32-year-old female diagnosed with diarrhea induced by antibiotics. After eradication of Helicobacter pylori by using antibiotics, she presented with hemorrhagic stools. The faecal examination was positive for, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) although no toxins were detectable. Vancomycin was initiated for the C. difficile infection but the condition worsened due to treatment non-compliance. Finally oral metronidazole was prescribed. Stool abnormality improved and faecal test became negative after metronidazole treatment.

Clinical manifestations of pseudomembranous colitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatolievich Klimov
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Initial Manifestation ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Main Clinical Manifestation

Pseudomembranous colitis is a pathological condition in which there is damage to the mucous membrane of the large intestine with focal or diffuse fibrin depositions resulting from exposure to factors of the pathogenicity of Clostridium difficile. This disease has become quite widespread in recent years. The widespread and not always properly controlled prescription of antibiotics can lead to the development of a serious complication caused by this pathogen. The pathological condition develops against the background or after the end of the ongoing antibiotic therapy; its initial manifestation is antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Most often, this condition is diagnosed in postoperative patients against the background of a general decrease in immunity, as well as as a result of prolonged and uncontrolled intake of antibiotics. It has been proven that the frequency of Clostridium difficile colonization increases sharply during hospitalization, thus, this infection was referred to hospital ones. The main clinical manifestation of pseudomembranous colitis is diarrhea; stool can become more frequent, up to 5-7 times a day, while feces are scanty and not abundant. In addition to diarrhea, abdominal pain and flatulence may occur. The diagnosis is established on the basis of the fact of increased stool within two or more days for 8 weeks after taking antibiotics confirmed by the patient.

scholarly journals Extraintestinal Clostridium difficile infection due to a ribotype different from that isolated from the feces of the patient: A case report

Anaerobe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 185-187
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Onada ◽  
Shiro Endo ◽  
Takahisa Umemoto ◽  
Tomomichi Kajino ◽  
Yoshiharu Amasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection

scholarly journals Antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: how to identify, what to do and how to treat?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
I. V. Berezhnaya ◽  
E. B. Mumladze
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Very High

Rational antibiotic therapy is one of the most important components in the treatment of children with various infectious and inflammatory diseases. However, wide and sometimes unjustified use of AB in pediatric practice often leads to the development of a variety of complications. Children receiveing AB, especially during the first 5 years of life, are at a very high risk of developing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) which manifests itself in three or more episodes of unformed stools for two or more consecutive days or for 8 weeks after withdrawal. The most relevant pathogen of AAD is C. difficile which, according to various data, causes from 10 to 25% of AAD cases and 90 to 100% of all cases of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). Given the high probability of developing dangerous complications such as PMC, special attention should be paid to the prevention of the infection associated with C. difficile by reducing the frequency of uncontrolled and unjustified use of AB. A new generation of eco-antibiotics can be recommended which allow to maintain diversity of the intestinal microbiota and are less likely to cause complications.

Clinical epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection among hospitalized patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea in a university hospital of Brazil

Anaerobe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Grossi Lopes Cançado ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva ◽  
Maja Rupnik ◽  
Amanda Pontes Nader ◽  
Joana Starling de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea

scholarly journals Zinc Level and Its Role in Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962094131
Author(s):  
Swetha Parvataneni ◽  
Avinash R. Dasari
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection

Clostridium difficile infection is a common nosocomial infection in US hospitals, accounting for approximately 12 800 deaths annually in the United States. These infections are often associated with the use of antibiotics, which can alter the gut microbiome and thus render patients susceptible to C difficile infection. C difficile is often spread via fecal oral transmission. Multiple medications have been developed, but recurrence rates reach 60% after treatment. Recent data have shown that zinc supplementation decreases the recurrence of C difficile infection. In this article, we present a case of recurrent C difficile infection with zinc deficiency in which zinc supplementation improved the symptoms and reduced the incidence of recurrence.

scholarly journals 2422. Effectiveness of a Probiotic for Primary Prevention of Clostridium difficile Infection and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea among Hospitalized Patients Receiving Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S836-S837
Author(s):  
Khanh-Linh Le ◽  
Heather Young ◽  
Timothy C Jenkins ◽  
Robert Tapia ◽  
Katherine C Shihadeh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
Probiotic Group ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea

Abstract Background Prior to 2016, Denver Health Medical Center had a higher-than-expected rate of hospital onset Clostridium difficile infection (HO-CDI). A multifaceted CDI prevention plan was implemented, including the use of a probiotic as primary prevention for HO-CDI and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in inpatients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. We aimed to study the effectiveness of probiotic use in this clinical context. Methods During the intervention, inpatient orders for a broad-spectrum antibiotic triggered a best practice advisory recommending once daily co-administration of 100 billion units of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus casei, L. rhamnosus, and L. acidophilus (BioK+ ®). To evaluate effectiveness and safety of this intervention, we performed a retrospective cohort study including adult inpatients who received > 24 hours of a broad-spectrum antibiotic between April 2016 and March 2018. The primary endpoint was the incidence of HO-CDI (> 3 days after admission) compared between patients who received antibiotics alone vs. antibiotics plus the probiotic. Secondary endpoints were the incidence of AAD, defined as a negative CDI test after antibiotic initiation, and the incidence of Lactobacillus species identified in clinical cultures. Results 3,291 patients were included; 1,835 received antibiotics alone and 1,456 received antibiotics plus the probiotic. Baseline characteristics between groups were similar, except patients in the antibiotic alone group had a greater incidence of cirrhosis and proton-pump inhibitor use (16.1% vs 10.1%, P < 0.001; 39.1% vs 31.5%, P < 0.001). Length of stay and antibiotic days of therapy were longer in the antibiotic plus probiotic group [6 days (IQR, 3–11) vs 6 days (IQR, 4–12), P = 0.014; 4 days (IQR, 3–7) vs 5 days (IQR, 3–7), P < 0.001]. The incidence of HO-CDI (37, 2% vs 35, 2.4%; P = 0.450) and AAD (231, 12.6% vs 199, 13.7%; P = 0.362) were similar between groups. Lactobacillus was identified in at least one clinical culture from 0.2% (3/1835) and 0.3% (4/1456) of patients in the antibiotic alone group and antibiotic plus probiotic group, respectively (P = 0.497). Conclusion In hospitalized patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics, co-administration of a probiotic did not appear to reduce the incidence of HO-CDI or AAD. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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