scholarly journals Rosa Luxemburgo y la oposición a la Primera Guerra Mundial

Author(s):  
Carlos Tuta

ResumenEn este trabajo se busca establecer el contexto en que Rosa Luxemburgo tuvo que actuar durante las dos últimas décadas de su vida (1898-1919), para convertir el movimiento de los trabajadores de Alemania y de la periferia polaca del imperio de los zares, en el sujeto colectivo de la transformación social. No obstante, el desafío mayor se presentó cuando estalló la primera guerra mundial y puso a prueba la teoría y la práctica política del movimiento obrero europeo.Palabras clave: Sujeto histórico, movimiento obrero, Primera Guerra Mundial, paz.*********************************************************Rosa Luxemburg and opposition to the First World WarAbstractIn this work we search to establish the context in which Rosa Luxemburgo had to play a role during the last two decades of her life (1898-1919), to make become the movement of the Germany’s workers and the Polish periphery from the Tsars Empire, in a collective subject of social transformation. Even though, the big challenge was presented when the First World War broke out and it makes real the theory and political practice of European labourer movement.Key words: Historical subject, labourer movement, First World War, peace.**********************************************************Rosa Luxemburgo e a oposição à Primeira Guerra MundialResumoNeste trabalho busca-se estabelecer o contexto no qual Rosa Luxemburgo teve que atuar durante as duas últimas décadas de sua vida (1898-1919), para converter o movimento dos trabalhadores de Alemanha e da periferia polaca do império dos Zares, no sujeito coletivo da transformação social. No entanto, o maior desafio se apresentou quando explodiu a Primeira Guerra Mundial e colocou à prova a teoria e a prática política do movimento operário europeu. Palavras chave: Sujeito histórico, movimento operário, Primeira Guerra Mundial, paz.

Author(s):  
James Muldoon

The German council movements arose through mass strikes and soldier mutinies towards the end of the First World War. They brought down the German monarchy, founded several short-lived council republics, and dramatically transformed European politics. This book reconstructs how participants in the German council movements struggled for a democratic socialist society. It examines their attempts to democratize politics, the economy, and society through building powerful worker-led organizations and cultivating workers’ political agency. Drawing from the practices of the council movements and the writings of theorists such as Rosa Luxemburg, Anton Pannekoek, and Karl Kautsky, this book returns to their radical vision of a self-determining society and their political programme of democratization and socialization. It presents a powerful argument for renewed attention to the political theories of this historical period and for their ongoing relevance today.


2000 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
R. Soloviy

In the history of religious organizations of Western Ukraine in the 20-30th years of the XX century. The activity of such an early protestant denominational formation as the Ukrainian Evangelical-Reformed Church occupies a prominent position. Among UCRC researchers there are several approaches to the preconditions for the birth of the Ukrainian Calvinistic movement in Western Ukraine. In particular, O. Dombrovsky, studying the historical preconditions for the formation of the UREC in Western Ukraine, expressed the view that the formation of the Calvinist cell should be considered in the broad context of the Ukrainian national revival of the 19th and 20th centuries, a new assessment of the religious factor in public life proposed by the Ukrainian radical activists ( M. Drahomanov, I. Franko, M. Pavlik), and significant socio-political, national-cultural and spiritual shifts caused by the events of the First World War. Other researchers of Ukrainian Calvinism, who based their analysis on the confessional-polemical approach (I.Vlasovsky, M.Stepanovich), interpreted Protestantism in Ukraine as a product of Western cultural and religious influences, alien to Ukrainian spirituality and culture.


2020 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Magdalena Strąk

The work aims to show a peculiar perspective of looking at photographs taken on the eve of the broadly understood disaster, which is specified in a slightly different way in each of the literary texts (Stefan Chwin’s autobiographical novel Krótka historia pewnego żartu [The brief history of a certain joke], a poem by Ryszard Kapuściński Na wystawie „Fotografia chłopów polskich do 1944 r.” [At an exhibition “The Polish peasants in photographs to 1944”] and Wisława Szymborska’s Fotografia z 11 września [Photograph from September 11]) – as death in a concentration camp, a general concept of the First World War or a terrorist attack. Upcoming tragic events – of which the photographed people are not yet aware – become for the subsequent recipient an inseparable element of reality contained in the frame. For the later observers, privileged with time perspective, the characters captured in the photograph are already victims of the catastrophe, which in reality was not yet recorded by the camera. It is a work about coexistence of the past and future in the field of photography.


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