scholarly journals Studies in New Zealand Oligocene and Miocene Plant Macrofossils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aline Mary Holden
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
Fossil Floras ◽  
New Zealand Flora

<p>Assemblages of fossil leaves ranging in age from Upper Oligocene to Upper Miocene or Lower Pliocene have been examined from localities in Southland, Central Otago, the Dunedin area, the Buller region and Great Barrier Island. Nearly 200 form taxa have been recognized so far; of these 52 are figured and described and the remainder are included in an illustrated catalogue. Conifers, Casuarinaceae and Nothofagus spp. are discussed in detail.  Thirteen new species are named and described: Gleichenia southlandica, Hypolepis maruiensis, Blechnum maruiense, Dacrydium (Lagarostrobos) franklinoides, Microcachrys imbricata, Phyllocladus strictus, Libocedrus compressa, Nothofagus southlandica, Gymnostoma stellata, Gymnostoma crassa, Casuarina avenacea, Metrosideros diffusoides and ? Eucalyptus roxburghiensis. Six new species are described but not named as more detailed study is still proceeding. A further ten new form taxa are identified to genus level only.  The fossil flora from the Kaikorai Valley, Dunedin, originally described by Oliver (1936) is revised and Blechnum proceroides, Nothofagus pinnata, N. australis, N. kaikoraiensis and Ripogonum latipetiolatum are new names arising from this revision.  The fossil assemblages from Southland and Central Otago are derived from heath, swamp and forest communities developed on an early to mid Tertiary peneplain. In contrast the fossil floras of the Buller region reflect predominantly forest vegetation developed on young soils of a prograding coastal floodplain backed by rapidly rising fault block ranges, while the fossil floras of Dunedin and Great Barrier Island reflect vegetation periodically affected by volcanic activity. Late Oligocene and Miocene climates throughout New Zealand appear to have been humid and at least as warn as Auckland today, although conditions on the east coast of the South Island may have been cooler and drier than on the west.  The sediment containing the Landslip Hill fossil flora is interpreted as a silcrete and resembles similar deposits in Australia. The uncompressed state of the fossils and the preservation of turgid cell structures indicates early silica cementation in a surface or near-surface environment, probably as a result of direct precipitation of silica from ground water.  The present-day New Zealand flora appears to be derived in part from the late Cretaceous flora of coastal eastern Gondwanaland. Other south-west Pacific floras may stare a similar origin, and may also have contributed to the New Zealand flora following fragmentation of the continental margin.  The distribution of New Zealand Tertiary plants, as far as it is known, is consistent with my inferred paleogeography.</p>

scholarly journals Studies in New Zealand Oligocene and Miocene Plant Macrofossils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aline Mary Holden
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
Fossil Floras ◽  
New Zealand Flora

<p>Assemblages of fossil leaves ranging in age from Upper Oligocene to Upper Miocene or Lower Pliocene have been examined from localities in Southland, Central Otago, the Dunedin area, the Buller region and Great Barrier Island. Nearly 200 form taxa have been recognized so far; of these 52 are figured and described and the remainder are included in an illustrated catalogue. Conifers, Casuarinaceae and Nothofagus spp. are discussed in detail.  Thirteen new species are named and described: Gleichenia southlandica, Hypolepis maruiensis, Blechnum maruiense, Dacrydium (Lagarostrobos) franklinoides, Microcachrys imbricata, Phyllocladus strictus, Libocedrus compressa, Nothofagus southlandica, Gymnostoma stellata, Gymnostoma crassa, Casuarina avenacea, Metrosideros diffusoides and ? Eucalyptus roxburghiensis. Six new species are described but not named as more detailed study is still proceeding. A further ten new form taxa are identified to genus level only.  The fossil flora from the Kaikorai Valley, Dunedin, originally described by Oliver (1936) is revised and Blechnum proceroides, Nothofagus pinnata, N. australis, N. kaikoraiensis and Ripogonum latipetiolatum are new names arising from this revision.  The fossil assemblages from Southland and Central Otago are derived from heath, swamp and forest communities developed on an early to mid Tertiary peneplain. In contrast the fossil floras of the Buller region reflect predominantly forest vegetation developed on young soils of a prograding coastal floodplain backed by rapidly rising fault block ranges, while the fossil floras of Dunedin and Great Barrier Island reflect vegetation periodically affected by volcanic activity. Late Oligocene and Miocene climates throughout New Zealand appear to have been humid and at least as warn as Auckland today, although conditions on the east coast of the South Island may have been cooler and drier than on the west.  The sediment containing the Landslip Hill fossil flora is interpreted as a silcrete and resembles similar deposits in Australia. The uncompressed state of the fossils and the preservation of turgid cell structures indicates early silica cementation in a surface or near-surface environment, probably as a result of direct precipitation of silica from ground water.  The present-day New Zealand flora appears to be derived in part from the late Cretaceous flora of coastal eastern Gondwanaland. Other south-west Pacific floras may stare a similar origin, and may also have contributed to the New Zealand flora following fragmentation of the continental margin.  The distribution of New Zealand Tertiary plants, as far as it is known, is consistent with my inferred paleogeography.</p>

Early Eocene Ripogonaceae leaf macrofossils from New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Conran ◽  
Elizabeth M. Kennedy ◽  
Jennifer M. Bannister
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
South American ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
A New Species

Fossil leaves from lowermost Eocene strata in the Otaio River, South Island, New Zealand, include the oldest records of the extant monocot genus, Ripogonum (Ripogonaceae). The Ripogonum fossil is represented by an incomplete leaf with preserved cuticle and is similar to, but different from, all extant and fossil Ripogonaceae, including recently described Eocene Tasmanian and South American taxa and is here described as a new species, R. palaeozeylandiae Conran, E.M.Kenn. & Bannister. This supports the theory that Ripogonaceae have a long and evolutionary history across the southern hemisphere, with the Otaio fossil flora indicating a palaeoclimate similar to the mesothermal broadleaf forests that Ripogonum still occupies today.

A revision of the genus Podaena Ordish (Insecta: Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2678 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
JUAN A. DELGADO ◽  
RICARDO L. PALMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Maxillary Palps ◽  
Eleven Species

The New Zealand endemic genus Podaena Ordish, 1984 is revised. Eleven species are recognized of which four are described as new, and the remainder redescribed. The new species are: Podaena aotea from Great Barrier Island, Podaena hauturu from Little Barrier Island, Podaena mariae from the west coast of the South Island, and Podaena moanaiti from Lake Waikaremoana. The most useful characters to separate species are the shape of the maxillary palps and the shape and chaetotaxy of the foretibiae in males; these characters are illustrated for all the species. Unlike most genera of Hydraenidae, male genitalia in Podaena are not diagnostic for all species. The known geographical distribution of some species is expanded, and the complete collecting data for the type series of all the species described by Ordish (1984) are given, together with distribution maps.

Plant-macrofossil assemblages during Pliocene uplift, South Island, New Zealand

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Pole
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Tectonic Uplift ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Plant Macrofossil ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
Two New Species

Organically preserved plant macrofossils, which accumulated during the period of late Neogene tectonic uplift, were documented from four localities in the South Island. These include Arapito Road (near Karamea), Waitahu River (near Reefton), Tadmor (south of Nelson) and Grey River (north of Christchurch). The assemblages from these localities were species-poor compared with older Cenozoic assemblages, but included a range of conifers and angiosperms. Of note was the presence of Acmopyle (currently extinct in New Zealand) and Cupressaceae in all four localities. At least two new species of Acmopyle were present, with leaf shapes distinctly different from any currently known. One of them (A. kirrileeae sp. nov.) had unflattened, awl-like foliage, whereas the other (A. biformis sp. nov.) had dimorphic foliage, including very distinct bilaterally flattened leaves with a mucronate apex. Both of these were distinct from the flattened foliage, which predominates on extant Acmopyle. Other conifers included Araucaria, Dacrycarpus, Dacrydium, Phyllocladus and Libocedrus. Angiosperms included Beauprea (now extinct in New Zealand) Beilschmiedia, Knightia sp., Metrosideros, Nothofagus and probably Pseudowintera, Pseudopanax and Cunoniaceae. The assemblages suggest temperate conditions.

Studies of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) in the Spirit Collection of the Natural History Museum, London 2: New species and records from P. Hammond's visit to New Zealand in 1983–84

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Michael Darby
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
North And South

Some 2,000 Ptiliidae collected in the North and South Islands of New Zealand in 1983/1984 by Peter Hammond of the Natural History Museum, London, are determined to 34 species, four of which are new to the country. As there are very few previous records, most from the Auckland district of North Island, the Hammond collection provides much new distributional data. The three new species: Nellosana insperatus sp. n., Notoptenidium flavum sp. n., and Notoptenidium johnsoni sp. n., are described and figured; the genus Ptiliodes is moved from Acrotrichinae to Ptiliinae, and Ptenidium formicetorum Kraatz recorded as a new introduction. Information is provided to aid separation of the new species from those previously recorded.

Feather mites of the genera Dubininia and Cacatualges (Acari: Xolalgidae) associated with parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) of the Old World

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4272 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY V. MIRONOV ◽  
RAINER EHRNSBERGER ◽  
JACEK DABERT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Melopsittacus Undulatus ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Old World ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
First Time

This paper gives a systematic revision of feather mites of the genera Dubininia Vassilev, 1958 and Cacatualges Dabert, Badek and Skoracki, 2007 (Xolalgidae: Ingrassiinae) associated with parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) of the Old World. Five new species are described: Cacatualges probosciger sp. n. from Probosciger aterrimus (Gmelin) (Cacatuidae) from New Guinea, Dubininia charmosynae sp. n. from Charmosyna pulchella Gray GR (Psittaculidae) from New Guinea, D. micropsittae sp. n. from Micropsitta pusio pusio (Scaltter) (Psittaculidae) from New Guinea, D. nestori sp. n. from Nestor notabilis Gould (Strigopidae) from New Zealand, and D. pezopori sp. n. from Pezoporus wallicus (Kerr) (Psittaculidae) from Tasmania, Australia. Four previously described species of Dubininia are redescribed based on material from type hosts: D. curta (Trouessart, 1885) from Platycercus elegans (Gmelin) (Psittaculidae), D. lorina (Trouessart, 1885) from Lorius domicella (Linnaeus) (Psittaculidae), D. melopsittaci Atyeo and Gaud, 1987 from Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw) (Psittaculidae), and D. psittacina (Trouessart, 1885) from Strigops harboptilus Gray GR (Strigopidae) from New Zealand. A new diagnosis for the genus Dubininia is provided. A key to all presently known Dubininia species is provided for the first time. 

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