scholarly journals Identificação dos leques aluviais dissecados do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG) através de critérios espaciais e sedimentológicos

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1296
Author(s):  
Fabrício Antonio Lopes ◽  
Paulo de Tarso Amorim Castro ◽  
Cláudio Eduardo Lana ◽  
Renato Coelho Dias
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
South West ◽  
Iron Quadrangle ◽  
Quadrilátero Ferrífero ◽  
Slope Deposits

O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar os depósitos de leques aluviais colmatados ao longo da base das escarpas do Quadrilátero Ferrífero.  A referida identificação ocorreu primeiramente em gabinete, onde foram realizadas leituras de trabalhos relacionados a geomorfologia da região bem como a interpretação dos mapas geológicos disponíveis. Os dados obtidos em gabinete serviram de base para norteamento dos trabalhos de campo, onde foi possível analisar características espaciais, sedimentológicas e morfométricas dos depósitos de encosta e inferir sobre seu possível ambiente deposicional. Os trabalhos de campo foram direcionados a cinco depósitos localizados nas bordas Sul, Oeste e Noroeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero cujos sedimentos estão posicionados de forma oblíqua ao vale principal com características faciológicas que remetem a fluxos de detritos desconfinados. Nos depósitos 1 e 2 foram verificadas diminuição granulométrica de montante para jusante, indicando brusca perda de energia. Essas características somadas as elevadas espessuras dos depósitos de fluxos de detritos permitiram inferir que tais acumulações compreendem leques aluviais inativos, atualmente em fase de dissecação pelos elementos erosivos naturais e antrópicos. Tais leques aluviais podem conter importantes informações a respeito do quadro paleoclimático e paleomorfológico da região, tendo potencial para contribuir com novos dados e aumentar o horizonte de interpretações a respeito da dinâmica paleoambiental quaternária regional.   Identification of alluvial fans dissected from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG) through spatial and sedimentological criteriaA B S T R A C TThis study aims to identify deposits of alluvial fans that were filled in along the base of the Iron Quadrangle escarpments. This identification occurred first in the office, where readings of works related to the geomorphology of the region were carried out, as well as the interpretation of the available geological maps. The data obtained in the office was the basis for guiding fieldwork, through which it was possible to analyze spatial, sedimentologic and morphometric characteristics of the slope deposits and to infer their possible depositional environment. The fieldwork was directed to five deposits located on the South, West and Northwest edges of the Iron Quadrangle whose sediments are placed obliquely to the main valley with faciological characteristics denoting unfinished debris flows. In deposits 1 and 2, there was a granulometric decrease from downstream to upstream, indicating an abrupt loss of energy. These characteristics added to the high thickness of the deposits of debris flows allowed to infer that such accumulations comprise inactive alluvial fans, currently in the dissection phase by natural and antropic erosive elements. Such alluvial fans may contain important information about the region's paleoclimatic and paleomorphological framework, with the potential of contributing with new data and increasing the range of interpretations regarding the regional quaternary paleoenvironmental dynamics.Keywords: Quaternary, sedimentary deposits, debris flow, paleogeography.

Estrutura dos depósitos sedimentares quaternários da bacia hidrográfica do rio Santana, Miguel Pereira, Estado do Rio de Janeiro

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 8-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Valdetaro Madeira ◽  
Leonardo Borghi
Keyword(s):  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Fluvial System ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Anthropogenic Action ◽  
High Terrace ◽  
Crevasse Splay ◽  
Geomorphological Features

The present work deals with stratigraphy, sedimentology and geomorphology of Quaternary sedimentary deposits of Santana river hydrographic basin. through facies and arquitectural elements descriptions. Based on five arquitectural elements characterized by ten lithofacies the following structural and depositional evolutions were scheduled: 1) formation of thick soil horizons over the basement; 2) deposition of several alluvial fans on the soils (lithofacies Gm and Fm, element E); 3) above an unconformity we can recognize a fluvial system, characterized by a non well drainage floodplain. This floodplain is overlaid by high-sinuosity channels (lithofacies Sp and St, element C) genetically related to other floodplain (lithofacies Fl and Fsc, element A) where the interfigering with crevasse splay deposits (lithofacies Sh, Sl, and Sp, element B) is ususal; 4) an erosional phase suceed by a new depositional phase characterized by low-sinuosity channels (lithofacies Gp, Gt, Sp, St, and Sh, element D). Nowadays anthropogenic action produces a new erosional phase. The geomorphological features recognized were scheduled: 1) the present floodplain 1.5m above the river bed; 2) the low terrace ( named T2) 5m above the river bed and its deposits is related to element D; 3) the high terrace ( named T1) 11m above the river bed and its deposits is related to elements A, B, C and E.

scholarly journals Toe-of-slope facies of the Eocene limestones in Aghioi Pantes sequence (Zakynthos island, Western Greece)

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Μ. ΚΑΤΗ
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Facies Analysis ◽  
Facies Association ◽  
Gravity Flows ◽  
Carbonate Sequence ◽  
Western Greece ◽  
Water Carbonate ◽  
Water Facies

The facies analysis of the Eocene limestones in the Aghioi Pantes section in central Zakynthos, part of the Preapulian carbonate sequence in the greater area, showed three megafacies types: a) graded beds, in which two main subtypes have been recognized, medium- to thin-bedded calcarenites-calcilutites and thick-bedded ruditic calcarenites, consisting mainly of redeposited shallow-water carbonate sands (mostly bioclasts of nummulites and echinoids); based on their sedimentary structures they have been interpreted as low density turbidite and high density turbidite (or sandy debris flows) deposits correspondingly, b) calcareous conglomerates consisting of shallow-water facies lithoclasts and abundant pelagic intraclasts all of which have been interpreted as debris flow deposits and c) folded strata of pelagic-hemipelagic composition that have been interpreted as slumps. Subsequently, the studied limestones constitute exclusively deep-water resedimented facies having been deposited mainly through sediment gravity flows, carrying significant amounts of shallow-water bio- lithoclastic material. The distribution and the organization of this facies association, with the dominance in particular of the base cut-out turbidites, suggest as depositional environment of the studied Eocene limestones a "low" in the outer slope connecting the Preapulian platform with the adjacent Ionian basin.

Reconstructing human–landscape interactions in the ancient Mediterranean harbour of Cartagena (Spain)

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinidad Torres ◽  
Sebastián Ramallo ◽  
Yolanda Sánchez-Palencia ◽  
Milagros Ros ◽  
José E Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Aeolian Deposits ◽  
Holocene Transgression ◽  
South West ◽  
Marine Influence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Amino Acid Racemisation ◽  
Human Landscape

Here, we sought to reconstruct the Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of Cartagena Bay. Therefore, 16 borehole cores were analysed with the following aims: (1) to define a chronological framework; (2) to obtain data on the palaeoenvironment; and (3) to establish the relationship with human activities, especially focused on the reconstruction of the Carthago Nova (also known as Qart Hadasht) conquest. A total of 147 samples were recovered for amino acid racemisation (AAR) dating; 32 for radiocarbon dating (14C); and 159 for sedimentological, palaeontological, and biomarker determination. These approaches allowed us to elucidate the evolutionary phases of the palaeolandscape in Cartagena. The simultaneous use of AAR and 14C dating allowed the discrimination of spurious ages and the establishment of a chronological scale. During the Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 7 and 5, the sea level (SL) in Cartagena Bay was almost the same as today. An alluvial plain developed in the northern area, and a delta was formed by an ephemeral river. In contrast, during MIS4, after a fall in SL, a wide sandy coastal plain emerged, leading to the accumulation of colluvial and aeolian deposits. The Holocene transgression was reflected in the hinterland in a late and temporarily floodable marsh fed by alluvial fans and creeks, producing a salinity gradient from freshwater to brackish and saline waters. Along the sea front, the marine influence was evident but not dominant, grading up and landwards to saline and freshwater marshes. Therefore, at the time of Scipio’s conquest, the geography of Carthago Nova was quite different from that described by Polybius. The Roman’s sudden attack seized Qart Hadasht from the south-west, avoiding the marshy area and not crossing a fast and deep ebb stream as it never existed on the Mediterranean Iberian coast.

scholarly journals Hydrogeomorphic processes and torrent control works on a large alluvial fan in the eastern Italian Alps

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Marchi ◽  
M. Cavalli ◽  
V. D'Agostino
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Hazard Management

Abstract. Alluvial fans are often present at the outlet of small drainage basins in alpine valleys; their formation is due to sediment transport associated with flash floods and debris flows. Alluvial fans are preferred sites for human settlements and are frequently crossed by transport routes. In order to reduce the risk for economic activities located on or near the fan and prevent loss of lives due to floods and debris flows, torrent control works have been extensively carried out on many alpine alluvial fans. Hazard management on alluvial fans in alpine regions is dependent upon reliable procedures to evaluate variations in the frequency and severity of hydrogeomorphic processes and the long-term performance of the torrent training works. An integrated approach to the analysis of hydrogeomorphic processes and their interactions with torrent control works has been applied to a large alluvial fan in the southern Carnic Alps (northeastern Italy). Study methods encompass field observations, interpretation of aerial photographs, analysis of historical documents, and numerical modelling of debris flows. The overall performance of control works implemented in the early decades of 20th century was satisfactory, and a reduction of hazardous events was recognised from features observed in the field and in aerial photographs, as well as from the analysis of historical records. The 2-D simulation of debris flows confirms these findings, indicating that debris flow deposition would not affect urban areas or main roads, even in the case of a high-magnitude event. Present issues in the management of the studied alluvial fan are representative of situations frequently found in the European Alps and deal with the need for maintenance of the control structures and the pressures for land use changes aimed at the economic exploitation of the fan surface.

A STRATIGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE TALGEBERRY OILFIELD

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
J. Torkington ◽  
M.I. Micenko
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
South West ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Exploration Drilling ◽  
Reservoir Geometry ◽  
Mouth Bar ◽  
Depositional Models ◽  
Eromanga Basin

ATP 299P(2) is located in the south-west Queensland portion of the Jurassic Cretaceous Eromanga Basin. Exploration drilling within the permit has resulted in the discovery of several oil pools which are stratigraphically controlled. Appraisal drilling at the Talgeberry Oilfield demonstrated this point when Talgeberry-2, drilled at a structurally higher location, failed to encounter either of the producing sands in Talgeberry-1. Oil is currently being produced from the Wyandra Sandstone and Birkhead Formation in Talgeberry-1 and from the Murta Member in Talgeberry-2.Depositional models are presented for each of the producing reservoirs at the Talgeberry Field, based upon dipmeter interpretation. An integrated seismic stratigraphic study was also undertaken on the Birkhead Formation reservoir.Oil production at Talgeberry is currently confined to distributary channel sands or near-shore distributary mouth bar sands. Distal facies of the distributary mouth bar have been intersected and, while containing oil, have been found to be generally tight.Dipmeter interpretation has proven valuable in determining depositional environment but is limited in defining the a real extent of the reservoir. Seismic-stratigraphic studies are able to define the reservoir geometry better and lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the depositonal environment.

Tributary-junction alluvial fan response to an ENSO rainfall event in the El Huasco watershed, northern Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Cabré ◽  
Germán Aguilar ◽  
Anne E. Mather ◽  
Víctor Fredes ◽  
Rodrigo Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Main River ◽  
Longitudinal Connectivity

Tributary-junction alluvial fans situated at the intersection of confined valleys with <100 km2 tributary catchments are of special interest to evaluate the heterogeneous consequences of extreme rainfall events in arid zones. These fans record the episodic sedimentological behaviour of the hillslope response to rainstorm events within tributary catchments, together with the influence on the main fluvial systems. In this paper, we benefit from the March 2015 event (23–26 March 2015), which produced 75–46 mm of precipitation over four days in the southern portion of the Atacama Desert. This storm event triggered several debris flows in El Huasco River watershed tributaries and, therefore, tributary-junction alluvial fans received a total of ∼106 m3 of sediments across 49 activated catchments. We find that the characteristic storm signature across the catchments can be synthetised in a conceptual fan formation model based on field mapping of facies (F1 to F6) present in the fans. The characteristic signature is a record of initially high sediment-to-water flows restricted to the fan environments (mainly debris flows) followed by later, more dilute (mainly hyper-concentrated to fluvial) flows that incise the tributary-junction alluvial fan deposits and link tributary catchments with the main river. These later-stage flood event deposits, locally, are capable of ponding and compartmentalising the main river where the longitudinal connectivity of the tributary-junction catchment is effective. This situation improves tributary-junction fan slope and main-trunk-channel linkages. This approach provides a reference framework for understanding the distribution and routing of effective runoff from similar rainfall events that control the aggradation and incision of the fluvial system, which is of great value when studying past stratigraphic arrangements in these arid alleys.

scholarly journals Comparative geomorphological observations in two groups of alluvial fans of Sperchios and Eurotas regions, Greece

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
A. Kontou ◽  
K. Gaki-Papanastasiou ◽  
H. Maroukian
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
The Mean

In the present study two groups of alluvial fans from two different regions in Greece were comparetively studied, the first in the region of Sperchios river and the second in the region ofEurotas river. Distinct morphometric characteristics of the drainage basins of the tributaries Ts er lias, Xerias, Gorgopotamos, Kerasias, Retsas and Kakaris, as well as their fans were measured and compared. Furthermore ,the longitudinal stream profiles were mapped, pebble measurements were made and contour crenulations of the fans were studied. In gravelometry, it was found that the mean size M of the pebbles decreases from the apex to the apron of the fan. The crenulation analysis showed that the fans of the streams ofEurotas region have undergone greater erosion than those of Sperchios region. Remarkable differences exist between the fans of the two regions. These results lead to the conclusion that recent tectonism, the prevailing lithology and climate are responsible for the formation and evolution of the fans and also influence their shape, area and all the other morphometric characteristics

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