scholarly journals Surveillance for infectious diseases in the European Union

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Twisselmann
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
European Union ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
General Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Infectious Disease Surveillance ◽  
Directorate General

In 1998, the European Parliament and Council concluded a debate on how to organise infectious disease surveillance in the European Union with a Decision to create a scheme for decentralised networks rather than build a large European surveillance centre (1,2). Institutions in member states receive funding to organise European surveillance for one or more infectious pathogens. A study reported in last week’s BMJ examines how these networks functioned in five international outbreaks (3). This study had been commissioned by the Directorate General Health and Consumer Protections (DG SANCO, then DGV) (4,5).

scholarly journals European cluster of imported falciparum malaria from Gambia

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (51) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Jelinek ◽  
C Schade Larsen ◽  
H Siikamäki ◽  
B Myrvang ◽  
P Chiodini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
European Union ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Network ◽  
Infectious Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

A cluster of 56 patients returning from Gambia with falciparum malaria has been noted in several countries of the European Union since September this year. TropNetEurop, the European Network on Imported Infectious Disease Surveillance, collected and reported the cases. Lack of awareness and, consequently, of prophylactic measures against malaria were apparent in the majority of patients.

General Overview of Private Damages Claims

De Jure ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Mateina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
General Overview

This article aims to provide a general overview of the regime of claims for private damages caused by breaches of competition law. The possibility for private damages claims existed even prior the adoption of the Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union. Nevertheless, these claims were not popular among the business, even when the Commission for Protection of competition established breaches and imposed sanctions for breach of competition. With the transposition of the directive in the Bulgarian Competition Protection Act, an increased interest towards private damages claims is expected.

scholarly journals Towards One Health Knowledge Networks: A Southern African Centre of Infectious Disease Surveillance case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Beda
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Infectious Disease Surveillance

The dynamic nature of new information and/or knowledge is a big challenge for information systems. Early knowledge management systems focused entirely on technologies for storing, searching and retrieving data; these systems have proved a failure. Juirsica and Mylopoulos1 suggested that in order to build effective technologies for knowledge management, we need to further our understanding of how individuals, groups and organisations use knowledge. As the focus on knowledge management for organisations and consortia alike is moving towards a keen appreciation of how deeply knowledge is embedded in people’s experiences, there is a general realisation that knowledge cannot be stored or captured digitally. This puts more emphasis in creating enabling environments for interactions that stimulate knowledge sharing.Our work aims at developing an un-obtrusive intelligent system that glues together effective contemporary and traditional technologies to aid these interactions and manage the information captured. In addition this system will include tools to aid propagating a repository of scientific information relevant to surveillance of infectious diseases to complement knowledge shared and/or acts as a point of reference.This work is ongoing and based on experiences in developing a knowledge network management system for the Southern African Centre of Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS), A One Health consortium of southern African academic and research institutions involved with infectious diseases of humans and animals in partnership with world-renowned centres of research in industrialised countries.

scholarly journals The EU after Brexit: Key Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr YAKOVLEV
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
European Council ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Union History ◽  
The Eu

The decision on Britain’s secession from the European Union, taken by the British Parliament and agreed by London and Brussels, divided the Union history into “before” and “after”. Not only will the remaining member states have to “digest” the political, commercial, economic and mental consequences of parting with one of the largest partners. They will also have to create a substantially new algorithm for the functioning of United Europe. On this path, the EU is confronted with many geopolitical and geo-economic challenges, which should be answered by the new leaders of the European Commission, European Council, and European Parliament.

Article 262 TFEU

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schima
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Legislative Procedure

Article 229a EC Without prejudice to the other provisions of the Treaties, the Council, acting unanimously in accordance with a special legislative procedure and after consulting the European Parliament, may adopt provisions to confer jurisdiction, to the extent that it shall determine, on the Court of Justice of the European Union in disputes relating to the application of acts adopted on the basis of the Treaties which create European intellectual property rights. These provisions shall enter into force after their approval by the Member States in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements.

scholarly journals Simple, Transparent and Standardised Securitisation (STS Securitisation) as a Specific Type of Securitisation under the Regulation 2017/2402

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Przemysław Katner
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
General Framework ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Risk Retention

<p>The securitisation market worth trillions of dollars collapsed during the financial crisis of 2007–2009 and for many years its volume remained quite low in the European Union, i.a. due to lack of confidence in securitisation products. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to simple, transparent and standardised securitisation (STS securitisation), almost unnoticed in Polish doctrine, being a specific type of securitisation that has appeared lately and develops in the European Union, including Poland, as a way to revive the securitisation. In the course of considerations, after a brief presentation of securitisation, its development and collapse, attention is turned to the Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2017 laying down a general framework for securitisation and creating a specific framework for simple, transparent and standardised securitisation, and amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2009/138/EC and 2011/61/EU and Regulations (EC) no. 1060/2009 and (EU) no. 648/2012 (OJ EU L 347/35) and the premises it contains that must be met so that the securitisation could be designated as “STS” or “simple, transparent and standardised”. The remarks are especially focused on requirements of due diligence, transparency, risk-retention, simplicity and standardisation. The article ends with conclusions on the effectiveness of the adopted solutions in the economic sphere as well as with respect to the unification of securitisation law in the Member States and the restoration of credibility for securitisation in the European Union.</p>

scholarly journals The EUVAC-NET project: creation and operation of a surveillance community network for vaccine preventable infectious diseases

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Glismann ◽  
T Rønne ◽  
A E Tozzi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Community Network ◽  
Member States ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
And Control

The EUVAC-NET network is in charge of the epidemiological surveillance and control of vaccine preventable diseases. It is coordinated by the SSI in Denmark, in collaboration with the ISS in Italy. The two main diseases targeted by the network are measles and pertussis. A collaboration is planned with the PHLS for the monitoring of Haemophilus influenzae b. EUVAC-NET includes the Member States of the European Union, and Iceland, Norway and Switzerland.

scholarly journals Die „Methode Barnier“ – Lehren aus der Verhandlungsführung der EU beim Brexit

IG ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Nicolai von Ondarza
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
European Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Eu

The Brexit negotiations constituted unchartered political and institutional territory for the European Union (EU). This analysis shows how a new institutional approach enabled the EU-27 to present an unusually united front. The “Barnier method” is characterised by five elements: a strong political mandate from the European Council, a single EU negotiator based in the European Commission in the person of Michel Barnier, very close coordination with the Member States and the European Parliament, and a high degree of transparency. Lessons can also be drawn from this for the next phase of the Brexit negotiations and the EU’s relations with other third countries.

scholarly journals The political system of European Union after European Parliament Election of 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Andrii Martynov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Political System ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The politics of the European Union are different from other organizations and states due to the unique nature of the EU. The common institutions mix the intergovernmental and supranational aspects of the EU. The EU treaties declare the EU to be based on representative democracy and direct elections take place to the European Parliament. The Parliament, together with the European Council, works for the legislative arm of the EU. The Council is composed of national governments thus representing the intergovernmental nature of the European Union. The central theme of this research is the influence of the European Union Political system the Results of May 2019 European Parliament Election. The EU supranational legislature plays an important role as a producer of legal norms in the process of European integration and parliamentary scrutiny of the activities of the EU executive. The European Parliament, as a representative institution of the European Union, helps to overcome the stereotypical notions of a “Brussels bureaucracy” that limits the sovereignty of EU member states. The European Parliament is a political field of interaction between European optimists and European skeptics. The new composition of the European Parliament presents political forces focused on a different vision of the strategy and tactics of the European integration process. European federalists in the “European People’s Party” and “European Socialists and Democrats” consider the strategic prospect of creating a confederate “United States of Europe”. The Brexit withdrawal from the EU could help the federalists win over European skeptics. Critics of the supranational project of European integration do not have a majority in the new composition of the European Parliament. But they are widely represented in many national parliaments of EU Member States. The conflicting interaction between European liberals and far-right populists is the political backdrop for much debate in the European Parliament. The result of this process is the medium term development vector of the European Union.

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