scholarly journals Children and diving, a guideline

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
Mattijn Buwalda ◽  
◽  
Abraham L Querido ◽  
Robert A van Hulst ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Mental Maturity ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Recreational Diving ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Hyperbaric Medicine

(Buwalda M, Querido AL, van Hulst RA. Children and diving, a guideline. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 2020 December 20;50(4):399–404. doi: 10.28920/dhm50.4.399-404. PMID: 33325022.) Scuba diving is an increasingly popular recreational activity in children and adolescents. During the dive medical examination aspects of human physiology, anatomy, and psychology, that differ between adults and children, deserve our special attention. For example, lack of mental maturity, diminished Eustachian tube function and heat loss can pose problems during diving. It is important that children who wish to take up scuba diving are seen by a dive physician, with extra attention to Eustachian tube function. In children, asthma, bronchial hyperreactivity, pulmonary hypertension, and right-to-left shunts are contra-indications for scuba diving. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a relative contra-indication. This article provides a review of the current literature and presents recommendations for recreational diving in children and adolescents. These recommendations are based solely on ‘expert’ opinion and were accepted by the Dutch Society of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine in 2020.

scholarly journals Effects of freediving on middle ear and eustachian tube function

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Author(s):  
Moritz F Meyer ◽  
◽  
Kristijana Knezic ◽  
Stefanie Jansen ◽  
Heinz D Klünter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Diving Depth ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Hyperbaric Medicine ◽  
The Right ◽  
Peak Pressures

(Meyer MF, Knezic K, Jansen S, Klünter HD, Pracht ED, Grosheva M. Effects of freediving on middle ear and eustachian tube function. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 2020 December 20;50(4):350–355. doi: 10.28920/dhm50.4.350-355. PMID: 33325015.) Introduction: During descent in freediving there is exposure to rapidly increasing pressure. Inability to quickly equalise middle ear pressure may cause trauma to the ear. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of pressure-related damage to the middle ear and the Eustachian tube during freediving and to identify possible risk factors. Methods: Sixteen free divers performed diving sessions in an indoor pool 20 metres’ freshwater (mfw) deep. During each session, each diver performed four own free dives and up to four safety dives. Naso- and oto-endoscopy and Eustachian tube function tests were performed on the right and left ears before diving, between each session and after the last session. The otoscopic findings were classified according to the Teed classification (0 = normal tympanic membrane to 4 = perforation). Additionally, ENT-related complaints were assessed using a questionnaire. Results: Participants performed 317 dives (on average 20 dives per diver, six per session). The average depth was 13.3 mfw. Pressure-related changes (Teed 1 and 2) were detected in 48 % of ears. Teed level increased significantly with an increasing number of completed sessions (P < 0.0001). Higher pressure-related damage (Teed 2) occurred in less experienced divers, was associated with significantly lower peak pressures in the middle ear and led to more ear-related symptoms. A preference for the Frenzel technique for middle ear pressure equalisation during freediving was shown. Conclusions: Pressure exposure during freediving had a cumulative effect on the middle ear. Factors such as diving depth, diving experience and number of diving sessions correlated with the occurrence of higher Teed levels.

scholarly journals A Study of the Eustachian Tube Function in Patients with a Scuba Diving Accident

2012 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoharu Kitajima ◽  
Akemi Sugita-Kitajima ◽  
Seiji Kitajima
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Diving Accident ◽  
Tube Function

The effect of concurrent nasal surgery on the eustachian tube function and myringoplasty outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 102926
Author(s):  
ZhiGuo OuYang ◽  
Zihan Lou ◽  
Zhengcai Lou ◽  
Kangfen Jin ◽  
Junzhi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Nasal Surgery ◽  
Tube Function

A Comparison of the Effects of Veau-Wardill-Kilner Palatoplasty and Furlow Double-Opposing Z-Plasty Operations on Eustachian Tube Function

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethem Güneren ◽  
Zafer Özsoy ◽  
Mithat Ulay ◽  
Erhan Eryilmaz ◽  
Haluk Özkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tube Function

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Veau-Wardill-Kilner (VWK) two-flap palatoplasty and Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty operations on eustachian tube (ET) opening in patients with cleft palate (CP). Design Twenty-six patients underwent CP repair between 1993 and 1997. VWK and Furlow operations were used in 13 patients each. All patients were examined by the otorhinolaryngologist before and after the operations; mean follow-up time was 27.3 months. Secretory otitis media (SOM), as identified by tympanograms, was the comparison criterion used. Results The prevalence of SOM was 69% (n = 18) in all CP patients pre-operatively. Among those with preoperative SOM, we did not find any statistically significant difference in the frequency of postoperative SOM between the two techniques. Conclusion This study suggests that there is no difference in postoperative ET function between patients undergoing either VWK or Furlow operations, in spite of the differences in muscle positioning in these operations. We discuss the implications of this finding in relation to surgical anatomy and histology of the soft palate muscles.

Presentation and eustachian tube function test results in children evaluated at a specialty clinic

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1218-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt M. Alper ◽  
Miriam S. Teixeira ◽  
Beverly C. Richert ◽  
J. Douglas Swarts
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Specialty Clinic ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function Test

scholarly journals Variability of Eustachian Tube Function: Comparison of Ears With Retraction Disease and Normal Middle Ears

2000 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 1389-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Bunne ◽  
Bernt Falk ◽  
Bengt Magnuson ◽  
Sten Hellstr??m
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Tube Function
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