Развитие технологии настройки акустических систем при ультразвуковом контроле сварных соединений

Author(s):  
Nikolay P. Aleshin ◽  
Leonid Yu. Mogilner ◽  
Sergey V. Skrynnikov

The urgent task is improvement of the accuracy of diagnosing the linear part of pipelines, structures and equipment of pumping and compressor stations, tank batteries, tank farm complexes. Therewith, it is required not only to identify a defect with a given probability, but also to ensure measurement of its shape and dimensions with accuracy to be sufficient to perform analysis of structures for strength and durability. The article deals with certain possibilities for increasing the detectability of volumetric defects, such as knots, through improvement of the methods for setting parameters of ultrasound pulse-echo testing. The results of research in the field of improvement of the technology for setting advanced ultrasonic systems using phased array antennas are presented. Cylinder-shaped drilled holes of different orientations have been reviewed as artificial defects for setting sensitivity and time base of the flaw-detecting instrument. Following on the earlier published works, the expediency of using vertical cylindrical drilling for setting the equipment is additionally justified: such target is the easiest to manufacture, its parameters are verified much easier than, for example, the parameters of flatbottomed holes. Examples are given of the practical use of drills of various orientations for adjusting sensitivity of monitoring and determination of the indication length of local bulk defects of the base metal and welds. Актуальной является задача повышения точности диагностирования линейной части трубопроводов, сооружений и оборудования перекачивающих и компрессорных станций, резервуарных парков, нефтебаз. При этом требуется не просто выявить дефект с заданной вероятностью, но и обеспечить измерение его формы и размеров с точностью, достаточной для выполнения расчетов конструкций на прочность и долговечность. В статье рассмотрены некоторые возможности повышения выявляемости объемных дефектов типа свищей за счет совершенствования способов настройки параметров ультразвукового контроля эхо-методом. Представлены результаты исследований в области совершенствования технологии настройки современных ультразвуковых систем, использующих фазированные антенные решетки. В качестве искусственных дефектов для настройки чувствительности и временной развертки дефектоскопа рассмотрены цилиндрические сверления разной ориентации. В развитие ранее опубликованных работ обоснована целесообразность применения для настройки оборудования вертикального цилиндрического сверления: такая мишень наиболее проста в изготовлении, ее параметры поверяются значительно проще, чем, например, параметры плоскодонных отверстий. Приведены примеры практического использования сверлений различной ориентации для настройки чувствительности контроля и определения условной протяженности локальных объемных дефектов основного металла и сварных швов.

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
V. A. Zaznobin ◽  
A. V. Nekrasov ◽  
A. V. Pankratov

Statistics of accidents and incidents on main gas pipelines in recent years indicate that almost half of the technogenic events occur due to depressurization in the area of annular welded joints, mainly joints containing defects made during construction and installation work during the construction of gas pipelines. The assessment of the degree of danger and the timing of external inspection and repair or replacement of defective annular welded joints largely depends on the quality of non-destructive testing, the correct identification of the types of defects and the objective determination of their geometric dimensions. To increase the reliability of the assessment of the degree of danger of the detected defects, it is necessary to use additional control methods, in particular, destructive ones. The paper presents the results of surveys and tests of metal fragments of annular welded joints of main gas pipelines containing transverse cracks of annular welded joints in order to determine the causes of the formation of these defects and to assess the degree of danger of the detected transverse cracks of the installation welds of main gas pipelines.


2021 ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Iryna Kazakova ◽  
Viacheslav Lebedynets ◽  
Svitlana Kovalenko ◽  
Viktoriya Kazakova

The perfumery and cosmetic industry of Ukraine is distinguished by its dynamic development and makes a significant contribution to the country's economy. Several types of economic activities are involved in its functioning, including the development, research, production and sale of perfumery and cosmetic products, as well as the provision of cosmetic services to the population. The economic activity of each sector in the chain of creation, production and sale of cosmetic products / services determines both their individual success and the efficiency of the entire system as a whole. In this regard, the systematization and analysis of the indicators of economic activity of enterprises of each type of activity of the national cosmetic industry is an urgent task, the solution of which will reasonably determine the prospects for both the further development of this industry and the export potential of the Ukrainian economy as a whole. The aim of this work was to conduct a comprehensive study of the dynamics of the main indicators of Ukrainian enterprises of perfumery, cosmetic and related industries economic activity for the period 2010–2019 and determination of their development trends. The available data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Patent Office of Ukraine, as well as a database of scientific and professional publications publications were used as materials and methods. Retrospective, logical, research methods, as well as the method of content analysis were used. The results of a comparative analysis of the main indicators of the economic activity of business entities in the studied industry made it possible to establish trends in the development of this sector of the economy and substantiate the patterns observed at the present stage. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the production potential of the perfumery and cosmetic industry in Ukraine is promising, as well as significant opportunities for further development of the trade in these products and the provision of cosmetic services to the population.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document