scholarly journals Placement of Actor Network Theory in School Library Environment Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Parker
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
School Library ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Environment Research ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
The Way

Actor Network Theory (ANT) takes on the position that non-human objects which alter the behavior of people with which they share an environment are actors exerting force into the environment. While ANT has been used in education since the late twentieth century, it has not yet seen utilization in school library environments research. As a result, there remains a significant gap in the way school library environments are studied. This literature review seeks to make a case for the importance of including ANT in school library environments research. By taking a closer look at the design and inclusion of specific objects within the school library environment, we can better equip school library spaces for the needs and wants of the students to which the library belongs.

scholarly journals Writing Disability into Colonial Histories of Humanitarianism

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Van Trigt ◽  
Susan Legêne
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Histories ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
The Way

In this paper, the relation between humanity and disability is addressed by discussing the agency of people with disabilities in colonial histories of humanitarianism. People with disabilities were often—as indicated by relevant sources—regarded and treated as passive, suffering fellow humans, in particular in the making and distribution of colonial photography. In the context of humanitarianism, is it possible to understand these photographs differently? This paper analyzes one photograph—from the collection of the Tropenmuseum Amsterdam—of people with leprosy in the protestant leprosarium Bethesda, in the Dutch colony Suriname, at the beginning of the twentieth century. It discusses the way the sitters in the photograph have been framed, and how the photograph has been made and used. The photograph makes it difficult to register agency, but easily reaffirms existing colonial categories. Therefore, this paper also uses another strategy of analysis. By following Actor-Network Theory, focusing on non-human actors, the second part of this paper offers a new and more convincing interpretation of the photograph. This strategy (a) understands agency as a phenomenon of interdependence instead of independence, and (b) approaches photographs as both real and performed. Combining the written history of humanitarianism and disability, it allows new histories of people with disabilities to develop, histories that move beyond the categories of colonialism.

Actor-Network Theory and the Online Investor

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Arthur Adamopoulos ◽  
Martin Dick ◽  
Bill Davey
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
The Way

An actor-network analysis of the way in which online investors use Internet-based services has revealed a phenomenon that is not commonly reported in actor-network theory research. An aspect of the research that emerged from interviews of a wide range of online investors is a peculiar effect of changes in non-human actors on the human actors. In this paper, the authors report on the particular case and postulate that this effect may be found, if looked for, in many other actor-network theory applications.

Understanding Knowledge Sharing in an Organization

2020 ◽  
pp. 358-381
Author(s):  
Michael Twum-Darko ◽  
Lee-Anne Lesley Harker
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
The Way

This paper set out to propose the actor-network theory (ANT) as a lens through which to understand and interpret the sociotechnical knowledge sharing challenges in organisations. The methodology for this study was developed within the context of ANT by adopting its ideals and principles. The findings demonstrate that using the concept of the Moments of Translation as a lens to study this phenomenon is indeed a novel way of investigating the reason why there is still difficulty with sharing and managing knowledge. This perspective is proposed to transform the way that knowledge sharing factors are perceived. By utilising a normative approach, this research looked at how knowledge sharing as an ideal can be achieved when taking into account the existing constraints within an organisation. A general framework is proposed to guide the formation of a network of aligned interest for knowledge sharing.

scholarly journals Probation practice in the information age

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Way

This article analyses the implications of the greater use of technology and information in probation practice. Using data generated via an ethnography of probation, the article firstly argues that probation in England and Wales now exists in what scholars would identify as ‘the information age’ (i.e. that computers and other technologies work to define and create probation practice as we know it). The article goes on to use actor-network theory to analyse two ‘heterogeneous networks’ to explore the way in which probation practitioners and the technologies they use interact to create particular forms of practice. The article argues that unless we understand the technology that underpins practice we cannot fully understand practice. Finally, the article considers the implications of this analysis for probation post-Transforming Rehabilitation (TR).

The Pornographic Paratexts of Pornhub

2014 ◽  
pp. 235-251
Author(s):  
Rebecca Inez Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Visual Texts ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
The Way

“The Pornographic Paratexts of Pornhub” analyses the evolving paratextual elements of the popular porn site Pornhub and considers how its evolving virtual frames interact with the visual texts it displays—online porn films. Engaging with Gérard Genette's Paratexts, some fundamental aspects of this late-twentieth-century paratextual theory are reconceptualised in this contemporary, sexually explicit digital environment. Pornhub is considered in relation to its maturing paratextual elements. Despite the virtual amorphousness and (para)textual porousness of the digital environment—the relevant relationships between text, epitext, peritext and intertext, though clearly delineated with regard to the printed book, become more blurred in a virtual space of infinite, hyperlinked pages—Pornhub has developed numerous tangible frames and stable paratextual features since its emergence in 2007. Given the rigid political, judicial and media conception of what online porn films constitute, it is important to consider the possibility that monolithically negative definitions of filmic pornography may derive not from the hardcore content itself, but from the way in which the films are framed online. How, then, do the paratexts of Pornhub interact with and affect users' reading of the films displayed? In this chapter, individual films from the site are descriptively analysed in relation both to how these visual pornographic texts are influenced by their paratext and how paratextual theory is complicated and renewed through this application.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lou Martin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
Hancock County ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
The Way

This concluding chapter examines how the rural-industrial working-class culture that emerged in Hancock County gradually disappeared in the late twentieth century. The ethic of making do traveled well from the farm to the factory town, but it began its decline in the late 1960s and 1970s as buying power increased and industrial workers focused more on vacations or socializing and less on making do. While many people in Hancock County still tend gardens, work on their houses, hunt, and fish, these activities no longer supplement family income the way they did in the 1950s. Moreover, the localism of their culture may have persisted in some ways to the present, but a localized system of negotiation that local manufacturers helped create disappeared along with many of those companies.

How do caves act?

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-94
Author(s):  
Rick Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Material World ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Time Experience ◽  
Object Agency ◽  
The Way

This chapter addresses the question of what the agency of non-animate objects might imply for the study. It begins by discussing early archaeological applications of the ideas of Giddens and Bourdieu. It then moves on to discuss anthropological ideas about the agency of non-humans, in particular Ingold’s dwelling perspective and the idea of the taskscape. It suggests that the agency of inanimate objects has been conceptualised in two different ways. Gell’s ‘secondary agency’ is compared with Latour’s ‘actor-network theory’. These approaches are situated more broadly within developing Post-humanist interpretations of object agency. Understandings of time and temporality are also discussed within the same framework. The chapter follows Gell in using the distinction between A and B series time to construct an account of time experience based on the material world. B-series time is held to be a map of temporally ordered events. Material narratives of time and object biographies are shown to be central to this process, of particular importance is the way that changes to objects and places index the passage of time.

Mapping Messiness: The Informational Film Archive and Actor-Network Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Many ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
Archival Practices

This chapter offers Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as a toolkit for analysing the often messy and complex networks and relationships involved in the production and distribution of useful cinema. Stressing that ANT is employed in the book as a way of thinking rather than as an explicit framework, the chapter briefly outlines the key principles of ANT and relates them to documentary and informational filmmaking. In particular, the chapter discusses the potential of ANT for rendering visible or audible the many non-human actors in any instance of filmmaking, and for revealing how facts are constructed in documentary and related genres. The institutions, individuals, networks, technologies and other actors involved in mid-twentieth-century Danish informational filmmaking are then mapped. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the role of the archive and the researcher in the network of any given film, explaining how contemporary archival practices, especially digital technologies, are creating new dispositifs for historical informational film.

scholarly journals From Defoe to Coetzee’s Foe/Foe through Authorship

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
Andreia Irina Suciu ◽  
◽  
Mihaela Culea ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Daniel Defoe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Robinson Crusoe ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The article investigates the concept of authorship in the works of two authors separated by three centuries, namely, Daniel Defoe and J. M. Coetzee, both concerned, in different ways, with aspects regarding the origin and originators of literary works or with the act of artistic creation in general. After a brief literature review, the article focuses on Coetzee’s contemporary revisitation of the question of authorship and leaps back and forth in time from Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719) to Coetzee’s Foe (1986). The purpose is that of highlighting the multiple perspectives (and differences) regarding the subject of authorship, including such notions and aspects as: canonicity related to the act of writing and narrating, metafiction, self-reflexivity and intertextuality, silencing and voicing, doubling, bodily substance and the substance of a story, authenticity, (literary) representation and the truth, authoring, the author’s powers, the relation between author and character or between narrator and story, authorial self-consciousness, agency, or ambiguity. The findings presented in the article show that both works are seminal in their attempts to define and redefine the notion of authorship, one (Defoe) concerned with the first literary endeavours of establishing the roles of professional authorship in England, while the other (Coetzee), intervenes in existing literary discussions of the late twentieth century concerning the postmodern author and (the questioning of or liberation of the text from) his powers.

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