scholarly journals Effectiveness of Coping Cat Program on the Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Social Phobia in Male and Female Children with Anxiety Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Zahra Haj Mohammadi ◽  
kobra haji alizadeh ◽  
◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 161s-166s
Author(s):  
H.S. Akiskal

SummaryPatients with anxiety disorders are often described as anancastic, high in neuroticism, dependent and avoidant. These personalities overlap with those of nonbipolar depressives – in whom these disorders are less pronounced. Yet many indices of social adjustment appear less disturbed in anxiety disorders. Review of recent data front systematic investigations supports the thesis that the personality attributes observed in anxiety disorders represent either formes frustes expressions or postmorbid complications of these disorders.Thus, neuroticism is best viewed as subclinically expressed neurosis. Likewise, anancastic traits are not easily separable from generalized anxiety disorder; the same can be said about avoidant personality and social phobia. Avoidance appears to be an inherent psychobiologic defense which is mobilized by anxiogenic situations. Dependency, which may reflect upbringing with an anxious parent, is further accentuated by handicaps imposed by the anxiety disorder.


2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Ramsawh ◽  
S. D. Raffa ◽  
M. Orlando Edelen ◽  
R. Rende ◽  
M. B. Keller

BackgroundMuch about the long-term course of anxiety disorders is unknown. The present study utilizes a naturalistic, longitudinal, short-interval follow-up design to elucidate the course of anxiety disorders over 14 years in a largely middle-aged adult sample recruited from out-patient psychiatry and primary care facilities.MethodThe sample consisted of 453 participants with a diagnosis of panic disorder (PD), social phobia (SP) and/or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Anxiety symptom ratings were tracked using weekly psychiatric status ratings (PSRs). Controlling for demographic and clinical variables, the course of PD, GAD and SP were examined using longitudinal growth models, with the most severe PSR at each follow-up point as the main outcome variable.ResultsPSRs significantly decreased in severity over time in each of the three disorders. In the interaction effects models, age×time had a significant effect on course for PD and GAD, but not for SP, in that older age was associated with lower PSRs over time.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that the severity of anxiety disorders declines over time, although this decline is modest and depends on the specific disorder being assessed. Older individuals with PD and GAD have a better prognosis than their younger counterparts, as their course is characterized by a steeper decline in severity. The present findings provide important information about the course of anxiety disorders in mid-life.


1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Roy-Byrne ◽  
Dane Wingerson ◽  
Deborah Cowley ◽  
Stephen Dager

Author(s):  
Vladan Starcevic, MD, PhD

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is conceptualized as an excessive and/or unreasonable fear of situations in which the person’s behavior or appearance might be scrutinized and evaluated. This fear is a consequence of the person’s expectation to be judged negatively, which might lead to embarrassment or humiliation. Typical examples of feared and usually avoided social situations are giving a talk in public, performing other tasks in front of others, and interacting with people in general. Although the existence of SAD as a psychopathological entity has been known for at least 100 years, it was only relatively recently, with the publication of DSM-III in 1980, that SAD (or social phobia) acquired the status of an ‘‘official’’ psychiatric diagnosis. The term social anxiety disorder has been increasingly used instead of social phobia, because it is felt that the use of the former term conveys more strongly the pervasiveness and impairment associated with the condition and that this term will promote better recognition of the disorder and contribute to better differentiation from specific phobia (Liebowitz et al., 2000). Like generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder is common and controversial. Unlike generalized anxiety disorder, which is described in different ways by different diagnostic criteria and different researchers and clinicians, SAD does not suffer from a ‘‘description problem.’’ It is not particularly difficult to recognize features of SAD; what may be difficult is making sense of these features. Main issues associated with SAD are listed below…. 1. Where are the boundaries of SAD? How well is SAD distinguished from ‘‘normal’’ social anxiety and shyness on one hand, and from severe psychopathology on the other? 2. Is there a danger of ‘‘pathologizing’’ intense social anxiety by labeling it a psychiatric disorder? How can the distress and suffering of people with high levels of social anxiety be acknowledged if they are not given the corresponding diagnostic label? 3. Is SAD a bona fide mental disorder? 4. Can the subtyping scheme (nongeneralized vs. generalized SAD) be supported? 5. Is there a spectrum of social anxiety disorders?


2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid R. Dyck ◽  
Katharine A. Phillips ◽  
Meredith G. Warshaw ◽  
Regina T. Dolan ◽  
M. Tracie Shea ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Leonid Semenovich Chutko ◽  
Svetlana Yurievna Surushkina ◽  
Inna Sergeevna Nikishena ◽  
Yelena Alexandrovna Yakovenko ◽  
Tatyana Igorevna Anisimova ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to the study of nocturnal enuresis and frequency of comorbid anxiety disorders in children with this disease. The authors present the results of a survey of 70 children aged 7 to 10 years with primary enuresis. In the study, anxiety disorders were found in 44 children with this pathology (62.9 %). Analysis of the identified symptoms showed that more of the study group are generalized anxiety disorder (31.8 %) and phobic anxiety disorder (40.9 %).


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